Nesletter Parashat Behar Bechukotai – Shabbat Mevarechim

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לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:53

9:50

9:13

8:34

7:50

7:14

7:00

7/8 May

בהר־בחקותי  (ש''מ)

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

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Q & A Parashat Behar Bechukotai

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated.

Behar

  1. Why does the Torah specify that the laws of shemita were taught on Har Sinai?
    25:1 – To teach us that just as Shemitta was taught in detail on Har Sinai, so too, all the mitzvot were taught in detail on Har Sinai.
  2. If one possesses shemita food after it is no longer available in the field, what must he do with it?
    25:7 – Remove it from his property and declare it ownerless.
  3. The Torah commands, “You shall sanctify the fiftieth year.” How is this done?
    25:10 – At the beginning of the year the Beit Din declares, “This year is kadosh (sanctified).”
  4. Which two “returns” are announced by the shofar during yovel?
    25:10 – The return of the land to its original owner, and the “return” (freedom) of the slave from slavery.
  5. From where does the yovel year get its name?
    25:10 – From the sounding of the shofar. A ram's horn is called a yovel.
  6. What prohibitions are derived from the verse “v'lo tonu ish et amito — a person shall not afflict his fellow”?
    25:17 – One may not intentionally hurt people's feelings, nor give bad advice while secretly intending to reap benefit.
  7. What is the punishment for neglecting the laws of shemita?
    25:18 – Exile.
  8. If shemita is observed properly, how long is the crop of the sixth year guaranteed to last?
    25:21,22 – From Nissan of the sixth year until Sukkot of the ninth year.
  9. After selling an ancestral field, when can one redeem it?
    25:24 – After two years following the sale, until yovel. At the beginning of yovel it returns to the family automatically.
  10. Under what circumstance may one sell ancestral land?
    25:25 – Only if one becomes impoverished.
  11. If a home in a walled city is sold, when can it be redeemed?
    25:29 – Only within the first year after the sale. Afterwards, even in yovel, it does not return.
  12. What does the word “days” mean in this week's Parsha?
    25:29 – The days of an entire year.
  13. What is considered a walled city?
    25:29 – A city that has been surrounded by a wall since the time of Yehoshua.
  14. Why does the Torah say in 26:46 “Torot” (plural) and not “Torah” (singular)?
    25:35 – A non-Jew who lives in Eretz Yisrael and accepts upon himself not to worship idols.
  15. To what is one who leaves Eretz Yisrael compared?
    25:38 – To one who worships idols.
  16. If a person says “The leg of this animal shall be an olah offering” the animal is sold and sacrificed as an olah offering. What is the status of the money received for the animal?
    25:38 – The prohibition against taking interest is accompanied by the phrase, “I am the L-rd your G-d who took you out of Egypt.” Rashi explains that just as Hashem discerned in Egypt between those who were firstborn and those who were not, so too will Hashem discern and punish those who lend with interest, pretending they are acting on behalf of others.
  17. List three prohibitions which demonstrate the dignity with which one must treat a Jewish indentured servant.
    25:39-43 –
    1.Do not make him perform humiliating tasks.
    2.Do not sell him publicly.
    3.Do not make him perform unnecessary jobs.
  18. Who supports the family of the Jewish indentured servant during his years of servitude?
    25:41 – His master.
  19. If a Jew is sold as a servant to a non-Jew, does he go free after six years?
    25:54 – No. If he is not redeemed with money, he must wait until the yovel to go free.
  20. Where is it permitted to prostrate oneself on a stone floor?
    26:1 – In the Mikdash.

Bechukotai

  1. To what do the words “bechukotai telechu” (walk in My statutes) refer?
    26:3 – Laboring in Torah learning.
  2. When is rain “in its season?”
    26:4 – At times when people are not outside (e.g., Shabbat nights).
  3. What is the blessing of “v'achaltem lachmechem l'sova” (and you shall eat your bread to satisfaction)?
    26:5 – You will only require a little bread to be completely satisfied.
  4. What is meant by the verse “and a sword will not pass through your land”?
    26:6 – No foreign army will travel through your land on their way to a different country.
  5. Mathematically, if five Jewish soldiers can defeat 100 enemy soldiers, how many enemy soldiers should 100 Jewish soldiers be able to defeat?
    26:4 – Two thousand.
  6. How much is “revava“?
    26:4 – Ten thousand.
  7. Which “progression” of seven transgressions are taught in Chapter 26, and why in that particular order?
    26:14,15 – Not studying Torah, not observing mitzvot, rejecting those who observe mitzvot, hating Sages, preventing others from observing mitzvot, denying that G-d gave the mitzvot, denying the existence of G-d. They are listed in this order because each transgression leads to the next.
  8. What is one benefit which the Jewish People derive from the Land of Israel's state of ruin?
    26:32 – No enemy nation will be able to settle in the Land of Israel.
  9. What was the duration of the Babylonian exile and why that particular number?
    26:35 – 70 years. Because the Jewish People violated 70 Shemitta and yovel years.
  10. How many years did the Jewish People sin in Israel up till the time the northern tribes were exiled?
    26:35 – 390 years.
  11. In verse 26:42, the name Yaakov is written with an extra “vav.” From whom did Yaakov receive this extra letter and why?
    26:42 – In five places in the Torah, Yaakov's name is written with an extra “vav” and in five places the name Eliyahu is missing a “vav.” Yaakov “took” these vavs as a pledge that Eliyahu will one day come and announce the redemption of Yaakov's children.
  12. What positive element is implied by the words “and I will bring them into the land of their enemies?”
    26:41 – G-d Himself, so to speak, will bring them into their enemies' land. This means that even when the Jews are in exile, G-d will supply them with leaders who inspire them to keep the Torah. This guards the Jews from assimilating into the host culture.
  13. In verse 26:42, why is the word “remember” not used in connection with the name of Yitzchak?
    26:42 – Because the image of Yitzchak's ashes (who was prepared to be brought as an offering) upon the altar is always before G-d.
  14. Why does the Torah say in 26:46 “Torot” (plural) and not “Torah” (singular)?
    26:46 – To teach that both the Written Torah and the Oral Torah were given to Moshe on Har Sinai.
  15. What happens when a poor person dedicates the value of a man to the Beit Hamikdash and doesn't have sufficient funds to fulfill his vow?
    27:8 – The person whose value was donated goes before the kohen, who sets the obligation according to the poor person's ability to pay.
  16. If a person says, “The leg of this animal shall be an olah offering” the animal is sold and sacrificed as an olah offering. What is the status of the money received for the animal?
    27:9 – The money is “chullin,” meaning it does not have “holy” status, except for the value of the animal's leg which does have “holy” status.
  17. If a person dedicates his ancestral field to the Beit Hamikdash and fails to redeem it before yovel what happens to the field?
    27:16 – It becomes the property of the kohanim who are on rotation at the beginning of yovel.
  18. Where must “ma'aser sheini” be eaten?
    27:30 – In Jerusalem.
  19. When a person redeems “ma'aser sheini” what happens to the food? What happens to the redemption money?
    27:31 – The food becomes permissible to him outside of Jerusalem. The redemption money must be brought to Jerusalem and used to purchase food to be eaten there.
  20. How does a person tithe his animals?
    27:32 – He passes them through a door individually and he marks every tenth animal with a rod smeared with red dye.
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

חג השבועות

נאמר בפרשת מתן תורה,
“ויסעו מרפידים ויבאו מדבר סיני, ויחנו במדבר, ויחן שם ישראל נגד ההר”.
(שמות יט
).

רבינו
חיים בן עטר, ה”אור החיים” הקדוש הקשה, שהרי בפסוקים שקודם לכן כבר נאמר
לצאת בני ישראל מארץ מצרים, ביום הזה באו מדבר סיני”,
ואם כן לכאורה, מדוע כפלה התורה וכתבה שוב “ויחנו במדבר”, הרי ברור הדבר
שאם הגיעו למדבר גם חנו שם, ואם כן מה באה ללמדינו התורה בדבר זה
?

ומסביר
האור החיים הקדוש, כי פסוק זה בא ללמדינו שלשה עיקרים בקבלת התורה, שמבלעדי שלשת
הדברים הללו אי אפשר היה לקבל את התורה, ועל ידם נתרצה הקדוש ברוך הוא לתת לבני
ישראל את התורה
.

הראשון,
“ויסעו מרפידים”, שקודם קבלת התורה
, היו עם ישראל ברפיון ידים ועצלות גדולה, כדרכם של
עבדים משוחררים, ואף על פי כן הם הכינו עצמם והתגברו על מדותיהם הטבעיות, לקבל את
התורה בזריזות ובחשק, וקבלו על עצמם שלא להתעצל בלימוד התורה. כי כך טבע הדבר
בלימוד התורה, שדברי תורה צריכים חיזוק כל העת, ולכן התורה טורחת בכל פעם שהיא מזכירה
ענין לימוד התורה, לתת תוספת חיזוק, כמו שנאמר “לא ימוש ספר התורה הזה מפיך,
והגית בו יומם ולילה, הלא צויתיך חזק ואמץ”, וכן על זה הדרך
. ולפיכך הוצרכה התורה
לציין “ויסעו מרפידים”, שהיו נרפים מאד, ברפיון ידיים
, ואף על פי כן זרזו עצמם
לקבלת התורה בחשק ושמחה
, ו”יסעו”
מאותו הרפיון שהיה להם קודם לכן. שזהו עיקר גדול ותנאי לזכות לכתרה של תורה
.

העיקר
השני, “ויבאו מדבר סיני ויחנו במדבר”, שהכוונה בזה שהגיעו עם ישראל
למדרגה רוחנית שהיא בבחינת מדבר, שהכל דשין ודורכין עליו, והוא מקום הפקר לכל
, כמו כן ישראל הגיעו למצב
של ענווה ושיפלות רוח, כי מבלעדי זה אי אפשר לזכות לתורה, כי אין התורה שורה על
גסי הרוח, ועל כן משה רבינו זכה שהוא יקבל את התורה, לפי שהוא היה סמל ואות למופת
של ענוה גדולה שלא היה עוד כמותה. גם לא ניתנה התורה אלא על ההר הנמוך שבהרים, הר
סיני, כי אין השכינה שורה על גסי הרוח וגבהי הלב, ורק בזכות הענוה זכו ישראל לכתר
תורה
.

והעיקר
השלישי, “ויחן שם ישראל כנגד ההר”, אשר כמו שפירשנו כבר, לשון
“ויחן” הוא לשון יחיד, מפני שעם ישראל באותו הזמן היתה בינהם אחדות
גדולה, כאיש אחד בלב אחד, וגם זה הוא תנאי גדול לזכות לתורה, כי אין קבלת התורה רק
ליחידים שבישראל, אלא דוקא לכל כלל ישראל יחד, ועל כן התורה צריכה תמיד להיות
נלמדת בציבור, ואמרו רבותינו “חרב אל הבדים”, חרב אל אותם שלומדים בד
בבד, כלומר לבדם, כי אין אדם זוכה לישרות בתורה, אלא כשהיא נלמדת עם עוד אדם,
שיעיר את תשומת לב חבירו כשהוא טועה בלימוד. (ואחר שידע כבר את עיקרי לימוד התורה
בדרך נכונה, יוכל ללמוד לבדו מתוך ספרי האחרונים, אשר גם על ידי העיון בהם יוכל
לעמוד על טעותו), ואשרי העם שהם באים בליל שבועות ללמוד תורה בציבור
, במקום שהשכינה שורה בו,
אשר על כגון זה נאמר “ויחן שם ישראל כנגד ההר”, כי כאיש אחד, זכו לקבל
את התורה, וכמו כן אנו, נזכה לאורה של תורה, משאת חיינו, בזכות ענוה ושפלות רוח,
לקבל מהגדולים מאיתנו את האמת, ולהודות תמיד על האמת, ולהשתדל כמה שאפשר להיות
באחדות גדולה, שמתוך כך תשרה עלינו השכינה הקדושה, ונזכה לכתרה של תורה

The Holiday of Shavuot

Regarding the giving of the
Torah, the Torah states (Shemot 19): “And they travelled from Refidim and they
arrived at the Sinai desert and they camped in the desert; and Israel camped
there opposite the mountain.”

Rabbeinu Chaim ben Atar, the saintly “Or Ha’Chaim,” asks that in the previous
verses the Torah states, “On the third month of the Jewish nation leaving
Egypt, on this day they had come to the Sinai desert.” If so, why does the
Torah repeat the fact that they “camped in the desert”? Is it not clear that if
they arrived at the desert that they camped there as well? What does the Torah
mean to teach us by writing this?

The saintly Or Ha’Chaim explains that the Torah is trying to convey to us three
key principles regarding receiving the Torah without which accepting the Torah
would have been impossible and because of which Hashem decided to give us the
Torah.

The first is “Travelling from Refidim” (in Hebrew, “Refidim” is similar to the
word “Rifyon” meaning laxity) before the giving of the Torah, for the Jewish
nation experienced great carelessness and lethargy as all freed slaves do and
even so, they prepared themselves and overcame their natural character-traits
in order to be able to accept the Torah in a zealous and energetic manner by
accepting upon themselves not to become lazy in their Torah learning. This is
indeed the natural course of Torah learning that the Torah needs strengthening
and recommitment at all times. It is for this reason that any time the Torah mentions
learning Torah, the Torah adds a boost of encouragement as the verse states,
“This Sefer Torah shall not budge from your lips and you shall delve in it day
and night etc. have I not commanded you to be strong and courageous?” The Torah
therefore needed to point out that they “travelled from Refidim,” for they had
truly been slacking off, but even so they had energized themselves to accept
the Torah with desire and joy and they had thus “travelled away” from the
laxity they possessed beforehand, for this is a great principle and important
condition for meriting receiving the Torah’s crown.

The second principle is “And they arrived at the Sinai desert and they camped
in the desert.” This means that the Jewish nation reached the lofty level
wherein they made themselves like a desert which is ownerless and everyone
walks through and tramples on. Similarly, the Jewish nation reached a high
level of humility and submissiveness, for without doing so, one cannot merit
accepting the Torah as the Torah does not identify itself with the arrogant. It
is also for this reason that Moshe Rabbeinu was the one chosen to receive the
Torah, for he served as an outstanding symbol of extreme humility, the likes of
which the world had never seen. Additionally, the Torah was given only on the
lowest of mountains, Mount Sinai, for Hashem’s presence does not rest on the
arrogant and the haughty and only because of their humility did the Jewish
nation merit receiving the crown of Torah.

The third principle is “And Israel camped there opposite the mountain.” The
Torah uses the singular form of the word “camped” in order to teach us that the
Jewish nation was completely unified at that time, like one man with one heart.
This also serves as an important condition in order to receive the Torah, for
the Torah was not given to individuals among the Jewish nation; rather, it was
given to the entire nation as one. It is for this reason that the Torah must be
read in public. Indeed the verse states, “May a sword be to the loners” referring
to those who learn Torah alone, for one cannot merit having a correct
understanding of the Torah unless he learns with someone else who will be able
to bring the errors he has made in his learning to his attention. (Once one
masters the principles for how to properly learn Torah, one may then learn from
the works of the Acharonim alone, for by delving in them one will likewise be
able to realize if he has erred.) Praiseworthy is the nation whose people come
together to learn Torah on the night of Shavuot in a place where the holy
presence of Hashem rests. Regarding this does the verse state, “And Israel
camped there opposite the mountain,” for they merited receiving the Torah as
one. May we likewise merit gleaning from the eternal light of the Torah by virtue
of our true humility through accepting the true interpretation of the Torah
from those greater than us and admitting that their interpretation is indeed
true. Let us try our very best to always be completely unified, for this will
cause Hashem to rest His holy presence on us and we will thereby merit
receiving the crown of the Torah

 

 

חג
השבועות

נאמר בתורה
(שמות יט, אודות זמן מתן תורה), “בחודש השלישי לצאת בני ישראל מארץ מצרים,
ביום הזה באו מדבר סיני
“.

רבותינו במדרש
(פסיקתא) הקשו, ומדוע לא ניתנה תורה לישראל עד החודש השלישי (כלומר
,
חודש
סיון, שהוא השלישי לחודשי השנה לפי מנין התורה) וחיכה הקדוש ברוך הוא עד החודש
השלישי? אמר רבי לוי, משל לבן מלך שהיה חולה ונתרפא, בקשו לשלוח אותו ללימודים,
אמר להם המלך, עדיין לא חזר זיו פניו אליו, ואיך יוכל ללמוד? אלא יתעדן שני ושלשה
חודשים במאכל ומשקה, ואחר כך יחזור ללמוד
.

כך עם ישראל,
כיון שיצאו ממצרים, היו ראויים לקבל את התורה, אמר הקדוש ברוך הוא, עדיין לא בא
זיון של בני משיעבוד טיט ולבנים והם מקבלים את התורה? אלא יתעדנו בני שנים ושלשה
חודשים באכילת המן ובשליו, ואחר כך יקבלו את התורה
. ואימתי? בחודש
השלישי
.

חסד גדול עשה ה'
יתברך עמנו שנתן לנו את תורתו תורת אמת וחיי עולם נטע בתוכינו, אבל חסד בתוך החסד
הוא, שכאשר נתן לנו את התורה, בקש לתת אותה בידינו כשאנו בריאים בגוף, ולא בטירוף
מיד בצאתנו ממצרים. ואף על פי שיכול היה ה' יתברך לעשות נס, ולחזק את בני ישראל
כהרף עין, מכל מקום כבר כתבנו שרוצה הקדוש ברוך להנהיג את עולמו עד כמה שניתן בדרך
הטבע, ולכן חיכה לנו שנים ושלשה חודשים, ורק אז נתן לנו את התורה
.

אמרו במסכת סוטה
(יד.) התורה, תחילתה גמילות חסדים וסופה גמילות חסדים, תחילתה גמילות חסדים, שנאמר
“ויעש ה' לאדם ולאשתו כתנות עור וילבישם”, סופה גמילות חסדים, שנאמר
(לגבי קבורת משה) “ויקבור אותו בגי
“.

וכוונת
חז”ל במאמר זה, שכאשר רואים את התורה שתחילתה וסופה חסד, סימן הוא שהתורה
כולה תכליתה חסד. ואם כן כל התורה כולה שורשה חסד, וכל המצוות ואפילו עניני
המשפטים והקנינים כולם תלויים בחסדו של ה' יתברך, וכמו שכתב הרמח”ל, כי כל
טעם עבודתינו בעולם הזה הוא בכדי שנהיה ראויים לשכר בזכות ולא בחסד
(כביכול), ולכן
גם בקנינים שתיקן לנו ה' יתברך במשפטי התורה, הכל הוא ענין חסד גדול, שתהיה לאדם
בעלות על חפציו, בכדי שיוכל להנות מיגיע כפו
.

ומזה הטעם תקנו
רבותינו לקרוא בשבועות ממגילת רות, ששורש מגילה זו נעוץ במדת החסד, כמו שנאמר
“ותאמר נעמי יעש ה' עמכם חסד כאשר עשיתם עם המתים ועמדי
“.

והנה לכאורה לא
מוזכר במגילה שום חסד שעשו עם בעליהן, מלבד מה שהיו נשואות להם
,
וכן
מה שנאמר בהמשך המגילה “ויען בועז ויאמר לה, הוגד הוגד לי את כל אשר עשית את
חמותך אחרי מות אישך”, והדבר תמוה, שהרי רות לא עשתה דבר למענה של נעמי, שהרי
נעמי היא זו שהפצירה בה ללכת למולדתה ולעמה, ורות היא היא שדבקה בנעמי ועשתה זאת
אך ורק למען עצמה לטובתה האישית, ואם כן איזו שייכות יש כאן בכלל להחשיב את המעשים
הללו למעשים של חסד, עד שנאמר עוד בהמשך “ברוכה את לה' בתי, הטבת חסדך האחרון
מן הראשון”, וגם כאן לא היה שום חסד במה שהלכה לבועז, שלא עשתה כן אלא לטובת
עצמה, ואם כן איך הפסוק קורא לזה חסד
?

חז”ל
אומרים בפסחים (ח.), האומר אתן צדקה על מנת שיחיה בני, הרי זה צדיק גמור
.
ומשמע
שאף שעשה צדקה למען עצמו ולא לשם שמים, בכל זאת מעשיו רצויים לפני ה
'
יתברך,
ונמצא אם כן שבכל מעשה שאדם עושה, אף על פי שהוא עושה כן בעיקר למען עצמו, מכל
מקום כל שגם הזולת מרויח מכך משהו, והוא חושב גם כן להטיב עם זולתו, מעשיו נחשבים
למעשי חסד וצדקה
.

חנוני,
או
מוכר ספרים, או נהג אוטובוס, שעושים את כל מעשיהם למען עצמם לפרנסתם
,
מכל
מקום אם הם עושים מעשיהם גם על מנת להטיב לאחרים, ואחרים נהנים ממעשיהם, הם מקימים
בכל מעשיהם מצוות לאין חקר
.

ומכאן גם עלינו
ללמוד לאידך גיסא, שהרי כמה חסדים אנו מקבלים מהזולת, וכמה הזולת מטיב עמנו, נמצנו
חייבים הרבה מאד הכרת טובה כלפי סביבתינו, ובהכרה זו אנו עושים נחת רוח לה' יתברך,
בבואינו להטיב מדה כנגד מדה לזולתינו
.

החסד הגדול
שעשתה רות, הוא מפני שסוף סוף בזכותה של רות לא נשארה נעמי בודדה בעולם, וכן מה
שהלכה עם בועז, נחשב לה לחסד גדול, שמתוך כך זכתה להקים עמו את מלכות בית דוד, בית
ענק, עבור חסד
.

נוהגים לקרות
במגילת רות בחג השבועות, להורות שיסוד התורה ומהותה הוא חסד, ללמוד וללמד לשמור
ולעשות, ללמוד על מנת ללמד (ראשי תיבות אדם לעמ”ל יולד, ללמוד על מנת ללמד),
אין לך חסד גדול מזה, שאדם מעשיר אחרים מהעושר הרוחני שנתן לנו ה' יתברך, וכמו
שאמר רבי יהושע בן לוי, כל המלמד את בן בנו תורה, מעלה עליו הכתוב כאילו קבלה מהר
סיני, שנאמר “והודעתם לבניך ולבני בניך”. וזהו רק אם מלמד את נכדו בן
בנו תורה. אבל אם מלמד אחרים, אפילו הקדוש ברוך הוא גוזר גזירה, מבטלה בשבילו, וכל
זאת עבור השפע שמשפיע מטובו לאחרים
.

The Holiday of Shavuot

The Torah introduces the
momentous event of the giving of the Torah to the Jewish nation with the verse
(Shemot 19), “On the third month from when the children of Israel left Egypt,
on this day they arrived at the Sinai desert.”

Our Sages in the Pesikta ask: Why is it that the Torah was not given to the
Jewish nation until the Third month (i.e. the month of Sivan, which is the
third month according to the Torah’s calculation with the year beginning with
Nissan)? Rabbi Levi explained this with a parable: Once, a king’s son became
ill. When he was healed, his advisors wished to send him back to school immediately.
The king said, “My son’s radiance did not yet return to him, how do propose
that he learn? Let him enjoy himself with food and drink for two or three
months and then he will return to his studies.”

So too, when the Jewish nation left Egypt, they were worthy of receiving the
Torah. However, Hashem said, “they have not yet regained their radiance after
the bondage of cement and bricks and they wish to receive the Torah? Rather, I
shall allow my children to enjoy themselves by eating the Manna and quail and
let them then receive the Torah during the Third month.”

Hashem performed a great kindness for us by giving us a true Torah and imbuing
us with eternal life; however, within this kindness, Hashem performed another
kindness for us by giving us the Torah only when we were physically healthy and
capable of receiving it and not when we were in a frenzy immediately following
our exodus from Egypt. Although Hashem could have performed a miracle and
instantly strengthen the Jewish nation, we have already written in the past
that Hashem wishes, as much as possible, to direct the world in a natural
manner. It is for this reason that he waited almost three months for us until
we were able to receive the Torah.

The Gemara (Sotah 14a) states: “The Torah begins with kindness and ends with
kindness. The Torah begins with kindness, as the verse states, ‘Hashem made for
the man and his wife leather tunics and he clothed them.’ The Torah ends with
kindness, as the verse states, “And He (Hashem) buried him (Moshe Rabbeinu) in
the valley.’”

Our Sages mean to teach us that just as we see that the Torah begins and ends
with acts of kindness, this signifies that the entire Torah is the epitome of
kindness. If the entire root of Torah is kindness, it follows that all of the
Mitzvot of the Torah, include the detailed monetary laws, are all contingent on
Hashem’s endless kindness. Indeed, Rabbeinu Moshe Chaim Luzzato (author of
Mesillat Yesharim) writes that our entire service of Hashem in this world is
because we wish to earn our reward and not only to receive it as a result of
Hashem’s kindness. Thus, even when the Torah commands us regarding various
methods of acquisition and other intricate monetary laws, this is a result of
Hashem’s kindness to us, for He wishes us to gain possession of our material
belongings so that one may enjoy the fruits of his labor.

It is for this reason that our Sages instituted that Megillat Ruth be read
during the Shavuot holiday, for the theme of this Megillah is inherently
kindness, as the verse states, “Naomi said: ‘May Hashem perform kindness with
you, just as you have done with the deceased and with me.’”

However, the Megillah seemingly does not mention any other kindness that Ruth
and her sister performed for their husbands other than the fact that they were
married to them. Similarly, the verse later in the Megillah states, “Boaz
replied and told her: ‘I have been told about everything you have done for your
mother-in-law after your husband’s demise.’” This is quite perplexing, for Ruth
did not do anything for Naomi as Naomi actually pleaded with Ruth to return to
her land and her people while Ruth cleaved to Naomi for her own personal
benefit. If so, how can such actions be considered acts of “kindness,” so much
so that the verse states, “My daughter, you are blessed to G-d; your last
kindness is better than your first”? Here too, Ruth went to Boaz for her own
benefit; how can the verse call this kindness?

Our Sages (Pesachim 8a) teach us: “One who says, “I shall donate money to
Tzedakah on the condition that my son lives,’ is considered completely
righteous.” It seems that although one donated charity for one’s own benefit
and not for the sake of Heaven, one’s actions are nevertheless accepted and
appreciated by Hashem. Based on this, any action that one performs, even if one
intends to do so primarily for one’s self, as long as others are gaining from
this action as well and the individual does intend for others to benefit, one’s
actions are considered those of kindness and charity.

Thus, if a grocer, bookseller, or bus driver do their work primarily for their
own livelihood, nevertheless, as long as they also intend to benefit others and
others do indeed benefit from their actions, they perform endless Mitzvot by
doing so.

On the other hand, we must realize how much kindness we receive from others and
how much gratitude we owe to those around us. This realization causes Hashem
great satisfaction when we give back to others and perform acts of kindness
with them.

The great kindness which Ruth performed for Naomi was that, ultimately, Naomi
did not remain alone in the world. Similarly, the fact that she went and
married Boaz was likewise considered a great act of kindness, for by doing so,
she was a partner in establishing the illustrious dynasty of King David’s
kingdom.

We customarily read Megillat Ruth on Shavuot in order to show that the basis of
the Torah and its essence is pure kindness by learning, teaching, and observing
the Torah’s laws. Indeed, the greatest kindness possible is teaching Torah to
others, for by doing so, one shares the spiritual wealth Hashem has given the
Jewish nation with others. Similarly, the Gemara states, “Rabbi Yehoshua ben
Levi said: One who teaches his grandson Torah is considered to have transmitted
the Torah to him from Mount Sinai, as the verse states, ‘And you shall make
them known to your sons and your grandsons.” This applies when one teaches
one’s grandson Torah. However, if one teaches Torah to others, even if Hashem
has decreed a harsh decree, Hashem will annul it for this individual because of
the spiritual wealth and abundance that one shares with others. 


Newsletter Parashat Emor

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
*****
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Lag Ba'Omer Event
 Kumtzitz TOMORROW
Thursday Evening

Mincha 8:15pm 

Foreword by Rabbi Stamler 
“Rabbi Akiva – The Eternal Optimist”

Kumtzitz with Rabbi Aviv Bar Ilan
Arbit & Sefirat HaOmer at 9:26pm
All welcome
****
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
******
New Gemara Shiur in Ivrit with Rabbi Harary
Starting Masechet Ta'anit 
Sunday 2nd April 6.25pm, 
Mincha & Arbit 7.25pm
*****************
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********
Save the Date
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*********

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:38

9:35

9:20

8:22

7:39

7:04

6:45

30 Apr/1 May

אמור

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to
bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after
the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the
‘latest candle
lighting’ column is earlier,
when
candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Emor

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. Which male descendants of Aharon are exempt from the prohibition against contacting a dead body?
    21:1 – Challalim – those disqualified from the priesthood because they are descended from a relationship forbidden to a kohen.
  2. Does a kohen have an option regarding becoming ritually defiled when his unmarried sister passes away?
    21:3 – No, he is required to do so.
  3. How does one honor a kohen?
    21:8 – He is first in all matters of holiness. For example, a kohen reads from the Torah first, and is usually the one to lead the blessings before and after meals.
  4. How does the Torah restrict the Kohen Gadol with regard to mourning?
    21:10-12 – He may not allow his hair to grow long, nor attend to his close relatives if they die, nor accompany a funeral procession.
  5. The Torah states in verse 22:3 that one who “approaches holy objects” while in a state of tumah (impurity) is penalized with excision. What does the Torah mean by “approaches”?
    22:3 – Eats.
  6. What is the smallest piece of a corpse that is able to transmit tumah?
    22:5 – A piece the size of an olive.
  7. Who in the household of a kohen may eat terumah?
    22:11 – He, his wife, his sons, his unmarried daughters and his non-Jewish slaves.
  8. If the daughter of a kohen marries a “zar” she may no longer eat terumah. What is a zar?
    22:12 – A non-kohen.
  9. What is the difference between a neder and a nedavah?
    22:18 – A neder is an obligation upon a person; a nedavah is an obligation placed upon an object.
  10. May a person slaughter an animal and its father on the same day?
    22:28 – Yes. The Torah only prohibits slaughtering an animal and its mother on the same day.
  11. How does the Torah define “profaning” the Name of G-d?
    22:32 – Willfully transgressing the commandments.
  12. Apart from Shabbos, how many days are there during the year about which the Torah says that work is forbidden?
    23:7-36 – Seven.
  13. How big is an omer?
    23:10 – One tenth of an eipha.
  14. On what day do we begin to “count the omer“?
    23:15 – On the 16th of Nissan.
  15. Why do we begin counting the omer at night?
    23:15 – The Torah requires counting seven complete weeks. If we begin counting in the daytime, the seven weeks would not be complete, because according to the Torah a day starts at nightfall.
  16. How does the omer differ from other minchah offerings?
    23:16 – It was made from barley.
  17. The blowing of the shofar on Rosh Hashanah is called a “zichron teruah” (sound of remembrance). For what is it a reminder?
    23:24 – The akeidas (binding of) Yitzchak.
  18. What is unusual about the wood of the esrog tree?
    23:40 – It has the same taste as the fruit.
  19. Who was the father of the blasphemer?
    24:10 – The Egyptian killed by Moshe (Shemos 2:12).
  20. What is the penalty for intentionally wounding one's parent?
    24:21 – Death.
******
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

ל”ג ול”ד לעומר 

מה אירע ביום ל”ג לעומר?

יום ל”ג לעומר, שעושים בו שמחה יתירה,
ולא אומרים בו תחנון (וידוי ונפילת אפיים), משום שהוא יום שנתגלו בו סתרי תורה,
ובו ניצול רבי שמעון בר יוחאי מעונש מיתה, ובו התחיל רבי עקיבא ללמד את חמשת
תלמידיו שהפיצו את התורה בכל העולם, וכמו 
שהארכנו כבר בשנים עברו, בביאור הדברים, מדברי הפוסקים, רבינו
האר”י ומרן החיד”א
.

מנהגי אבלות בל”ג לעומר
כל מנהגי האבלות שנוהגים בהם בימי העומר (מחמת פטירתם של תלמידי רבי
עקיבא), וכגון מה שנהגו שלא לשאת אשה, ושלא להסתפר ולהתגלח וכיוצא בזה, נחלקו
הפוסקים אם יש להזהר בדברים אלה עד יום ליל ל”ג לעומר, או שיש להזהר בכל אלו
עד ליום ל”ד לעומר (כלומר, ביום ל”ד לעומר בבוקר)
.

ומנהג האשכנזים, שהם נושאים נשים החל מליל ל”ג לעומר, מפני שהם סוברים
שתלמידי רבי עקיבא פסקו למות ביום ל”ג לעומר, וכך פסק הרמ”א (סימן
תצ”ג), שכך כתבו כמה ראשונים (ומהם בעל ספר המנהיג), שקבלה בידם שביום
ל”ג פסקו מלמות, ואף בליל ל”ג לעומר יש מהאשכנזים שנוהגים להקל לשאת אשה
.

אבל מנהג הספרדים ובני עדות המזרח, שאין נושאין נשים, ולא מסתפרים, עד ליום
ל”ד לעומר בבוקר,

טעם הדבר שאנו נזהרים במנהגי האבלות עד ליום ל”ד לעומר, מבואר על פי
מה שכתב בספר המנהיג (דף עב עמוד ב, חיברו רבי אברהם ברבי נתן הירחי הראב”ן,
שחי בלוניל ונפטר בשנת תתקע”ה 1215) בשם רבינו זרחיה הלוי (הרז”ה בעל
המאור) שמצא כתוב בספר קדמון הבא מספרד, שכל תלמידי רבי עקיבא מתו “מפסח ועד
פרוס עצרת”, ומאי פרוס, (כלומר, מה הכוונה “בפרוס”?), פורסא, פלגא
(דהיינו “פרוס” פירושו חצי מהתקופה שקודמת לשבועות) כדתנן, (כמו
ששנינו), שואלין בהלכות הפסח קודם הפסח שלושים יום, ופלגא דידהו, (וחצי משלושים
יום), דהיינו ט”ו יום קודם עצרת (קודם חג השבועות). וכן כתבו עוד מרבותינו
הראשונים, וביארו שאם נסיר חמשה עשר מארבעים ותשעה יום שבין פסח לעצרת נשארו
שלושים וארבעה ימים, ומכל מקום ביום ל”ד לעומר בבוקר, כבר מותר לשאת אשה משום
שמקצת היום ככולו לענין אבילות, וכיון שכבר עבר קצת מיום ל”ד אין צריך יותר
לנהוג אבילות
.

ויהי רצון שזכותם של רבי שמעון בר יוחאי ורבי אלעזר בנו תעמוד לנו ולכל
ישראל, ונזכה לתשובה שלימה וגאולה קרובה, אמן
.

The 33rd and 34th Days of the Omer

What Occurred on the 33rd Day
of the Omer?

The 33rd day
of the Omer (commonly known as Lag Ba’Omer), which is celebrated
amid great joy and when Tachanun (confessional prayer found after
the Amida prayer) is omitted for it marks the day when the secrets of the Torah
were revealed, Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai was saved from his death sentence and
Rabbi Akiva started teaching his five students that would eventually spread the
Torah to the rest of the world, as we have already discussed. This is based on
the words of the Poskim, the saintly Ari z”l, and Maran Ha’Chida.

Mourning Customs on the 33rd Day
of the Omer

Regarding all of the customs of mourning that have been customarily observed
during the Omer period (due to the passing of the students of Rabbi Akiva), for
instance, abstaining from getting married, taking haircuts, and shaving, there
is a dispute among the Poskim whether these customs must be observed until the
33rd day of the Omer or until the 34th day of
the Omer (i.e. the morning of the 34th).

The custom of the Ashkenazim is to permit weddings
beginning from the night of the 33rd of the Omer, for they are
of the opinion that Rabbi Akiva’s disciples ceased dying on the 33rd of
the Omer. This is indeed the ruling of the Rama (Chapter 493) in the name of
several Rishonim (including the author of the Sefer Ha’Manhig) who have
accepted by way of oral tradition that the students of Rabbi Akiva stopped
dying on the 33rd day of the Omer. Some Ashkenazim have the
custom to permit weddings even from the night of the 33rd of
the Omer.

Nevertheless, the Sephardic custom is to abstain
from holding weddings or taking haircuts until the morning of the 34th day
of the Omer.

The reason why we customarily abstain from these
things until the 34th of the Omer is based on the words of the
Sefer Ha’Manhig (page 72b, authored by Rabbeinu Avraham bar Natan Ha’Yarchi,
the Ra’avan, who lived in Lonil and passed away in the year 4975 [1215]) in the
name of Rabbeinu Zerachya Ha’Levi (the Razah, Ba’al Ha’Maor) who found in an
early manuscript found in Spain, that all of Rabbi Akiva’s students passed away
from Pesach until “Half of Shavuot,” and this refers to half of the period
prior to Shavuot, which is thirty days, as the Mishnah tells us, “One must
begin to inquire about the laws of Pesach thirty days before the holiday”;
thus, half of thirty is fifteen days before the holiday of Shavuot. Several
other Rishonim write accordingly. Thus, if we subtract fifteen from the
forty-nine days between Pesach and Shavuot, the difference is thirty-four.
Nevertheless, beginning from the morning of the 34th day of the
Omer, it is already permissible to hold weddings, for regarding mourning, the
rule is “A portion of the day is considered like the entire day” and since some
of the 34th day has already passed, one need not continue to
observe the mourning customs.

May the merits of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai and his
son, Rabbi Elazar, protect us all and may we all merit repenting fully and
taking part in the Final Redemption, speedily and in our days, Amen.

יום ל”ג לעומר

 יום ל”ג לעומר, שבו שמחים בהילולא של התנא האלהי רבי שמעון
בר יוחאי זכותו תגן עלינו אמן
.

כתב מרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל, כי אחד הדברים שמצאנו ברבי שמעון בר
יוחאי, שלא נמצאה להם דוגמא אצל אחרים מגדולי רבותינו, היא גילוי סודות התורה. כי
עד זמנו של רבי שמעון בר יוחאי, לא ניתנה רשות מן השמים לשום אדם לגלות את סודות
התורה ברבים, (וכמו שאומרים בפתיחת אליהו), עד שהופיעה דמותו של רבי שמעון, שזכה
לגלות סודות התורה והקבלה ברבים לתלמידים צדיקים וחסידים, “דָרַשׁ כָּל
תַּעֲלוּמוֹת בְּעֹז וְתַעֲצוּמוֹת”, ואחת הסיבות לכך שזכה רבי שמעון למה שלא
זכו תנאים אחרים, היה מפני מסירותו ללא גבול בשקידה על לימוד תורתינו הקדושה, וכמו
שאמרו במסכת שבת (יא.), “כגון רבי שמעון בר יוחאי שתורתו אומנותו”.
כלומר, לשם ולתפארת נודע שמו של רבי שמעון, שהיה ראוי לקרוא עליו יותר מעל אחרים
את התואר “תורתו אומנותו
“.

כל זאת משום שרבי שמעון בר יוחאי היה נאמן לשיטתו (במסכת ברכות לה:), כי על
עם ישראל מוטל לשבת ולעסוק בתורה יומם ולילה, כמו שנאמר “והגית בו יומם
ולילה” פשוטו כמשמעו. ומלאכתן של ישראל תעשה בידי אחרים, “וְעָמְדוּ
זָרִים וְרָעוּ צֹאנְכֶם וּבְנֵי נֵכָר אִכָּרֵיכֶם וְכֹרְמֵיכֶם”, רבי שמעון
בר יוחאי לא היה יכול לסבול את העוזבים חיי עולם ועוסקים בחיי שעה של פרנסה. וזאת
משום שהוא ידע היטב את ערכה הרב של התורה הקדושה. (מאור ישראל דרושים, עמוד קסא)
.

מעשה בתלמיד אחד של רבי שמעון בר יוחאי, שיצא מארץ ישראל חוץ לארץ, כדי
לעשות עסקים. חזר לארץ ישראל, והנה כל חבריו ראו שהוא נעשה עשיר גדול, והיו עומדים
ומתקנאים בו על עושרו, והחלו לחשוב, אולי גם להם כדאי לצאת לתקופה מסויימת לחוץ
לארץ, להרויח הון, ולשוב ארצה לחיות בהרווחה
.

שמע על כך רבי שמעון בר יוחאי, אסף את כל תלמידיו והוציאם לבקעה אחת הסמוכה
להר מירון, התפלל ואמר, בקעה בקעה! התמלאי דינרי זהב! התחילה הבקעה מושכת כמו נהר
של דינרי זהב לפניהם. עמדו התלמידים והשתוממו. אמר להם רבי שמעון, אם זהב אתם
מבקשים, הרי זהב! טלו לכם! אולם תהיו יודעים, כל מי שהוא נוטל עכשיו, נוטל מהחלק
ששמור לו לעולם הבא, שאין מתן שכרה של תורה בעולם הזה אלא לעולם הבא, כמו שאמרו
במסכת עירובין (כב.), “היום” לעשותם, ו”מחר” לקבל שכרן
.

נלמד מן הדברים, מהו העיקר ומהו הטפל. מהם הדברים החשובים באמת בחיינו, על
מה כדאי לבזבז את כל כוחותינו וזמנינו, לאילו כיוונים בחיים כדאי לנו לנווט את
בנינו ובנותינו. “וְדַע, מַתַּן שְׂכָרָן שֶׁל צַדִּיקִים לֶעָתִיד
לָבוֹא”.

The Day of Lag
Ba’Omer

Lag Ba’Omer (the 33rd day
of the Omer) which is the day where we express joy in honor of the saintly
Tanna, Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, may his merit protect us all, Amen.

Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l writes
that one of the unique things that we find regarding Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai
that we do not find among any of the other Sages is the revelation of the
secrets of the Torah. Until the time of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, Hashem did not
grant anyone permission to reveal the secrets of the Torah in public (as we
read in Patach Eliyahu). This was the case until Rabbi Shimon
appeared in this world, at which point he merited revealing the secrets of the
Torah and Kabbalah in public to great students who were righteous and pious.
One of the reasons Rabbi Shimon merited this as opposed to many other great
Tannaim, was as a result of his boundless dedication and pursuit of study of
the holy Torah, as the Gemara (Shabbat 11a), “For instance, Rabbi Shimon bar
Yochai whose Torah is his occupation.” This means that Rabbi Shimon was worthier
of being crowned with the coveted title of “Torah is his occupation” than
others.

This is because Rabbi Shimon was faithful to his
own opinion (quoted in Berachot 35b) that the entire Jewish nation must sit and
toil in Torah day and night, as the verse states, “And you shall delve in it
day and night,” literally. In this way, the labor of the Jewish nation will be
performed by others, as the verse states, “And stranger shall stand and feed
your flocks and foreigners shall be your plowmen and vinedressers.” Rabbi
Shimon bar Yochai could not tolerate those who would disregard pursuit of
eternal life in favor of worldly matters, such as one’s livelihood because he
understood the ultimate value of the holy Torah. (Ma’or Yisrael-Derushim, page
161) 

Once, a student of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai left the
Land of Israel to pursue a business venture. When he returned and all of his
friends saw that he had become a rich man, they began to grow jealous and they
thought to themselves that it may be worthwhile for them to travel abroad for a
short time to earn some money and live comfortably.

Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai heard about this and
gathered all of his students to valley near Mount Meron. He prayed and
exclaimed, “Valley, valley! Become filled with gold coins!” A river of gold
coins started to miraculously fill the valley as the students stood and watched
in awe. Rabbi Shimon told them, “If it is gold that you want, here it is, take
it! However, you must know that whoever takes it now is taking from the reward
prepared for him in the World to Come, for the reward for Torah learning is not
given in this world, only in the next, as the Sages taught (Eruvin 22a), ‘Today
to perform them and tomorrow to reap their reward.’”

The above is a true lesson regarding what is
primary and what is secondary in life. What are the important areas and ideals
where we should be investing our time and energy and which direction we should
be leading our children. “Know the reward of the righteous in the World to
Come.”

******

Newsletter Parashat Achare – Kedoshim

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
*********
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
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Save the Date
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Sephardic World

 

Is there genetic evidence of Jews in Portugal?

Portugal was the crucible of the Western Sephardim. Not everyone left. Can members of diaspora Sephardic communities be linked to individuals in Portugal? What can genetic studies in Portugal tell us about Sephardic migration? Can genetics be a tool in unravelling the history of the Sephardic diaspora? Is there such a thing as Sephardic DNA?

Inês Nogueiro was born in north-eastern Portugal, a region with a rich Jewish history. For the last 15 years she has studied Iberian Jewish history from a population genetics perspective. She has a PhD in Biology (Population Genetics of Jewish populations) from the University of Oporto. In 2018 she started a project with Prof Karl Skorecki at Bar Ilan University in Israel to construct a genetic database for the Iberian Sephardic Jews. She volunteers for a number of local initiatives to promote interest in Sephardic history.

The meeting is on Sunday 25 April 2021 at 11am in LA, 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam and 9pm Jerusalem. Join us on Zoom at: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/82094742942

If you cannot get into the meeting we have an overflow at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpz6pgNSg_KWP-4KbErjU2g

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Over the last year Sephardic World has become the leading producer of content on Jewish history and genealogy, with a Sephardic slant. We have no commercial sponsorship or public funding. We do not charge people to attend our meetings or to view our content. If you care about Sephardic history and are not already a patron, we invite you to support our work: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

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Best wishes,

Ton and David

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לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:23

9:20

9:28

8:09

7:28

6:54

6:45

23/24 Apr

אחרי־קדושים

*For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*******
Q & A on the Parasha 

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

Acharei Mot

  1. Why does the Torah emphasize that Parshas Acharei Mos was taught after the death of Aaron's sons?
    16:1 – To strengthen the warning not to enter the Kodesh Kodashim except on Yom Kippur.
  2. What is the punishment for a Kohen Gadol who inappropriately enters the Kodesh Kodashim?
    16:2 – Death.
  3. How long did the first Beis Hamikdash exist?
    16:3 – 410 years.
  4. What did the Kohen Gadol wear when he entered the Kodesh Kodashim?
    16:4 – Only the four linen garments worn by an ordinary Kohen.
  5. How many times did the Kohen Gadol change his clothing and immerse in the mikveh on Yom Kippur?
    16:4 – Five times.
  6. How many times did he wash his hands and feet from the Kiyor (copper laver)?
    16:4 – Ten times.
  7. The Kohen Gadol offered a bull Chatas to atone for himself and his household. Who paid for it?
    16:6 – The Kohen Gadol.
  8. One of the goats that was chosen by lot went to Azazel. What is Azazel?
    16:8 – A jagged cliff.
  9. Who is included in the “household” of the Kohen Gadol?
    16:11 – All the Kohanim.
  10. For what sin does the goat Chatas atone?
    16:16 – For unknowingly entering the Beis Hamikdash in the state of tumah.
  11. After the Yom Kippur service, what is done with the four linen garments worn by the Kohen Gadol?
    16:23 – They must be put into geniza and not be used again.
  12. Where were the fats of the Chatas burned?
    16:25 – On the outer Mizbe'ach.
  13. Who is solely responsible for attaining atonement for the Jewish People on Yom Kippur?
    16:32 – The Kohen Gadol.
  14. From one point in history, installation of the Kohen Gadol through anointing was no longer used but was conducted by donning the special garments of that office. From when and why?
    16:32 – Anointing ceased during the kingship of Yoshiahu. At that time, the oil of anointing was hidden away.
  15. What is the penalty of kares?
    17:9 – One's offspring die and one's own life is shortened.
  16. Which categories of animals must have their blood covered when they are slaughtered?
    17:13 – Non domesticated kosher animals and all species of kosher birds.
  17. When a person eats a kosher bird that was improperly slaughtered (a neveilah), at what point does he contract tumah?
    17:15 – When the food enters the esophagus.
  18. The Torah commands the Jewish People not to follow the “chukim” of the Canaanites. What are the forbidden “chukim”?
    18:3 – Their social customs.
  19. What is the difference between “mishpat” and “chok“?
    18:4 – A “mishpat” conforms to the human sense of justice. A “chok” is a law whose reason is not given to us and can only be understood as a decree from Hashem.
  20. May a man marry his wife's sister?
    18:18 – Yes, but not during the lifetime of his wife.

Kedoshim

  1. Why was Parshat Kedoshim said in front of all the Jewish People?
    19:2 – Because the fundamental teachings of the Torah are contained in this Parsha.
  2. Why does the Torah mention the duty to honor one's father before it mentions the duty to honor one's mother?
    19:3 – Since it is more natural to honor one's mother, the Torah stresses the obligation to honor one's father.
  3. Why is the command to fear one's parents followed by the command to keep Shabbat?
    19:3 – To teach that one must not violate Torah law even at the command of one's parents.
  4. Why does Shabbat observance supersede honoring parents?
    19:3 – Because the parents are also commanded by Hashem to observe Shabbat. Parents deserve great honor, but not at the “expense” of Hashem's honor.
  5. What is “leket?”
    19:9 – “Leket” is one or two stalks of grain accidentally dropped while harvesting. They are left for the poor.
  6. In Shemot 20:13, the Torah commands “Do not steal.” What does the Torah add when it commands in Vayikra 19:11 “Do not steal?”
    19:11 – The Torah in Vayikra prohibits monetary theft. In Shemot it prohibits kidnapping.
  7. “Do not do wrong to your neighbor” (19:13). To what “wrong” is the Torah referring?
    19:13 – Withholding wages from a worker.
  8. By when must you pay someone who worked for you during the day?
    19:13 – Before the following dawn.
  9. How does Rashi explain the prohibition “Don't put a stumbling block before a sightless person?”
    19:13 – Don't give improper advice to a person who is unaware in a matter. For example, don't advise someone to sell his field, when in reality you yourself wish to buy it.
  10. In a monetary case involving a poor person and a rich person, a judge is likely to wrongly favor the poor person. What rationale does Rashi give for this?
    19:15 – The judge might think: “This rich person is obligated to give charity to this poor person regardless of the outcome of this court case. Therefore, I'll rule in favor of the poor person. That way, he'll receive the financial support he needs without feeling shame.
  11. When rebuking someone, what sin must one be careful to avoid?
    19:17 – Causing public embarrassment.
  12. It's forbidden to bear a grudge. What example does Rashi give of this?
    19:18 – Person A asks person B: “Can I borrow your shovel?” Person B says: “No.” The next day, B says to A: “Can I borrow your scythe?” A replies: “Sure, I'm not stingy like you are.”
  13. The Torah forbids tattooing. How is a tattoo made?
    19:28 – Ink is injected into the skin with a needle.
  14. How does one fulfill the mitzvah of “hadarta p'nei zaken?”
    19:32 – By not sitting in the seat of elderly people, and by not contradicting their statements.
  15. What punishment will never come to the entire Jewish People?
    20:3 – “Karet” — being spiritually “cut off.”
  16. What penalty does the Torah state for cursing one's parents?
    20:9 – Death by stoning.
  17. When the Torah states a death penalty but doesn't define it precisely, to which penalty is it referring?
    20:10 – Chenek (strangulation).
  18. What will result if the Jewish People ignore the laws of forbidden relationships?
    20:22 – The land of Israel will “spit them out.”
  19. Which of the forbidden relationships listed in this week's Parsha were practiced by the Canaanites?
    20:23 – All of them.
  20. Is it proper for a Jew to say “I would enjoy eating ham?”
    20:26 – Yes.
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

עוד מנהגים השייכים לימי הספירה

יש נוהגים בימי ספירת העומר (עד יום ל”ד בעומר) שלא ללבוש בגד חדש
שצריך לברך על לבישתו ברכת שהחיינו (דהיינו בגד חדש שיש שמחה בלבישתו כמו חולצה
חדשה וכדומה, אבל בגד כמו גופיה שאין מברכים עליו שהחיינו, לכל הדעות מותר ללבשו
בימי הספירה). ויש מקילים בזה ללבוש בגד חדש
.

יש מחמירים שלא לתפור ולתקן בגדים חדשים בימי ספירת העומר, ומנהגינו להקל בזה,
ואף להנוהגים איסור בזה, מכל מקום אם עושה כן לצורך חתן שעומד לינשא בל”ד
לעומר, אין בזה מנהג להחמיר כלל
.

לדעת מרן הרב עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל, אין כל איסור או חומרא, להיזהר שלא
לברך שהחיינו על פרי חדש בימי ספירת העומר, ואותם שנהגו כן, באו לידי מנהג זה
בטעות מפני שכך הדין בימי בין המצרים, שבהם אין לברך שהחיינו על פרי חדש, אך בימי
ספירת העומר אין מנהג להחמיר בזה כלל, מפני שימי הספירה אינם ימי אבל, כימי בין
המצרים שבהם אירעו חורבן בית המקדש ושאר פורענויות, ולכן אין לברך שהחיינו וקיימנו
והגענו “לזמן הזה”, על זמן שנועד לפורענות לכלל האומה, אבל ימי הספירה
אינם נחשבים ימי פורענות, ואדרבא, כתב הרמב”ן שקדושת ימי הספירה כימי חול
המועד, ולכן אין להחמיר בזה כלל
.

אבל לעניין לבישת בגד חדש בימי הספירה, ראוי להחמיר בזה בימי הספירה שלא
ללבוש בגד חדש, ואם יש צורך בלבישתו, נכון להדר וללבשו ביום שבת, ואז גם יוכל לברך
עליו שהחיינו. וכן במקום שמחת בר מצוה או ברית מילה יש להקל ללבוש בגד חדש בימי
הספירה
.

More Customs Observed During the Omer
Counting Period

Some have the custom that during the Omer counting
period (until the 34th day of the Omer), one does not wear a
new garment which requires the recitation of the “Shehecheyanu” blessing
(i.e. a new garment which causes the wearer joy, such as a new shirt and the
like; however, a new garment which does not require a “Shehecheyanu
blessing, such as an undershirt and the like, may be worn during the Omer
period according to all opinions). Some rule leniently and allow wearing new
clothing.

Some act stringently and abstain from sewing and
altering new clothes during the Omer period; however, our custom is to be
lenient in this regard. Even according to those who are customarily stringent,
nevertheless, if this is being done for a bride or groom who is getting married
on the 34th day of the Omer, there is no custom to be stringent
at all.

According to Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l,
there is no reason to be stringent and abstain from reciting a “Shehecheyanu
blessing on a new fruit during the Omer counting period. Those who have
observed this custom have done so in error, for they have confused this period
with the “Three Weeks” prior to the Ninth of Av during which time one should
not recite a “Shehecheyanu” blessing on a new fruit. However, during the
Omer counting period, there is no such custom to be stringent, for the days of
the Omer are not days of mourning as are the “Three Weeks” during which the
destruction of the Bet Hamikdash and other tragedies occurred. It is for this
reason that it is inappropriate to recite the “Shehecheyanu” blessing
which translates to “Blessed is He… Who has allowed us to live, to exist, and
to reach this time” about a period which is designated as a time of
national tragedy. On the other hand, the period of the Omer is not considered a
tragic time; on the contrary, the Ramban writes that the holiness of the days
of the Omer counting is tantamount to that of Chol Hamo’ed. There is therefore
no reason to act stringently in this regard.

Nonetheless, it is proper to act stringently with
regards to wearing new garments during the Omer. If there is truly a necessity
to wear a new garment, one should try to wear it on Shabbat in which case one
may also recite the “Shehecheyanu” blessing. Similarly, one may act
leniently and wear a new garment during the Omer period in honor of a Bar
Mitzvah or Berit Milah celebration.

שמיעת מוזיקה וכלי נגינה בימי הספירה

היום הוא יום השואה, וכבר דיברנו בענין זה בשנים הקודמות, ניתן לראות בקישור.
———————

מזמן שנחרב בית המקדש, אסרו רבותינו לשמוע קול שיר בכלי נגינה (כן מבואר
בגמרא במסכת גיטין דף ז.). כלומר, לשיר בפה, מותר. אך לשמוע מוזיקה בכלי נגינה
אסור. אלא אם מדובר בשמחה של מצוה, שאז יש להקל בדבר, וכפי שנהגו בכל תפוצות
ישראל, שבשמחות של מצוה, כמו שמחת נשואין של חתן וכלה וכדומה, מביאים נגנים ושרים
שם שירות ותשבחות לכבוד ה' יתברך
.

ובדורות האחרונים רבותינו הפוסקים האריכו בדין זה, והעלו למעשה שמותר מן
הדין לשמוע מוזיקה מלווה בכלי נגינה כשהיא מוקלטת, ברדיו או טייפ וכדומה, אפילו
שלא בשמחה של מצוה. וכן המנהג פשוט אפילו אצל גדולי עולם חסידים וצדיקים, ששומעים
שירי קודש ונגינות מוקלטות שמעוררים את הלב להדבק בה' ונותנים מרגוע ומנוחת הנפש
.

אבל לגבי ימי הספירה, שכפי שביארנו, אירעו בהם מאורעות מצערים של פטירת
עשרים וארבע אלף תלמידי רבי עקיבא, כתב הגאון רבי משה פיינשטיין זצ”ל (אגרות
משה או”ח סימן קסו), שיש להחמיר שלא לשמוע מוזיקה אפילו כשהיא מוקלטת.
וכדבריו כתבו עוד מגדולי האחרונים, ובתוכם גם מרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל
.

ולפיכך למרות שבכל ימות השנה אנו מיקלים לשמוע מוזיקה מוקלטת, אך בימי
ספירת העומר נכון להחמיר בדבר
.

אולם בשמחה של מצוה, כגון במסיבת בר מצוה, או ברית מילה, או סיום מסכת
וכדומה, מותר לשמוע שירי קודש ונגינות המלוות בכלי נגינה, שמאחר ומדובר בשמחה של
מצוה, יש להקל בדבר. שהרי אפילו בעיקר תקנת חז”ל שלא לנגן בכלי שיר מאז שנחרב
בית המקדש, במקום שמחה של מצוה היקלו, ואם כן הוא הדין בימי הספירה
.

ומרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל כתב בזה עוד (בספרו על יום טוב, עמוד
רנט), שאם מעונינים לערוך שמחת הכנסת ספר תורה בתוך ימי הספירה, מותר לעשותה אפילו
בכלי זמר, שהרי מדובר בשמחה של מצוה גדולה
.

Listening to Music During the Omer

From the time the Bet Hamikdash was destroyed, our
Sages prohibited listening to songs accompanied by musical instruments (see
Gittin 7a). This means that while merely singing vocally is permissible,
hearing songs with musical accompaniment is forbidden, excluding a celebration
of a Mitzvah in which case there is room for leniency. Indeed, the prevalent
custom throughout the entire Jewish nation is to bring musicians who play and
sing songs of praise and gratitude to Hashem at celebrations of a Mitzvah, such
as at weddings and the like.

In more recent generations, the great Poskim have
discussed this matter lengthily and they conclude that, according to the letter
of the law, it is permissible to listen to songs with musical accompaniment
when this music is recorded, such as on the radio, tape, etc. even if this is
not being done in the context of a celebration of a Mitzvah. This custom is
widespread among many great and pious luminaries who listen to recorded holy
songs and music which uplift one in the service of Hashem and bring peace an
tranquility to the soul.

Nevertheless, regarding the days of the Omer
counting period when, as we have explained previously, the tragic event of the
death of Rabbi Akiva’s twenty-four thousand students occurred, Hagaon Harav
Moshe Feinstein zt”l (see Igrot Moshe, Orach Chaim, Volume 1,
Chapter 166) writes that one must act stringently and not listen even to
recorded music. Several other great Poskim rule likewise, including Maran
Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l.

Thus, although we rule leniently throughout the rest
of the year and allow listening to recorded music, during the Omer period, one
should act stringently and abstain from doing so.

Nevertheless, during a Mitzvah celebration, such as
a Bar Mitzvah, Berit Milah, Siyum Masechet (meal marking the
completion of a Talmudical tractate), and the like, it is permissible to play
and listen to songs of holiness with musical accompaniment since even when our
Sages prohibited playing instrumental music after the destruction of the Bet
Hamikdash, they ruled leniently regarding Mitzvah celebrations. Thus, the same
would apply to the days of the Omer in that there is room for leniency in this
regard.

Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l adds
(in his Chazon Ovadia-Yom Tov, page 259) that if one wishes to hold a Hachnassat
Sefer Torah
 (Torah dedication celebration) during the Omer, it will be
permissible to do so even with musical accompaniment since this celebration is
considered a great Mitzvah.

Corrected version Newsletter

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Sephardic Research: Past, Present and Future

The genealogy landscape has dramatically changed over the last twenty years. Many Sephardic genealogists are too young to remember life before the Internet. This week we want to look at how things have changed, and speculate about where genealogy is heading. We are delighted to welcome the person whose career helped define these changes.

Schelly Talalay Dardashti has thirty years experience in Jewish genealogy. Her career encompasses the old world of paper research, journalism, pioneering Jewish genealogical blogging and creating the world's largest Jewish genealogy group on Facebook, Tracing the Tribe. She is a well-known and engaging speaker, and serves as US Genealogy Advisor for MyHeritage.com

The meeting is on Sunday 18 April 2021 at 11am in LA, 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam and 9pm Jerusalem. Join us on Zoom at: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/81644208915

If you cannot get into the meeting we have an overflow at: https://www.facebook.com/sephardicgenealogy 

Over the last year Sephardic World has become the leading producer of content on Jewish history and genealogy, with a Sephardic slant. We have no commercial sponsorship or public funding. We do not charge people to attend our meetings or to view our content. If you care about Sephardic history and are not already a patron, we invite you to support our work: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

If you don’t plan to attend the meeting but want to support our work, please consider making a one-off donation here: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/sephardicgenealogy

Best wishes,

Ton and David

******************

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:08

9:05

9:36

7:57

7:17

6:45

6:45

16/17 Apr

תזריע־מצורע

טהרה


*
For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*******
Q & A Parashat Tazria
  1. When does a woman who has given birth to a son go to the mikveh?
    12:2 – At the end of seven days.
  2. After a woman gives birth, she is required to offer two types of offerings. Which are they?
    12:6 – An olah and a chatat.
  3. What animal does the woman offer as a chatat?
    12:6 – A tor (turtle dove) or a ben yona (young pigeon).
  4. Which of these offerings makes her tahor (ritual purity)?
    12:7 – The chatat.
  5. Which of the sacrifices does the woman offer first, the olah or the chatat?
    12:8 – The chatat.
  6. Who determines whether a person is a metzora tamei (person with ritually impure tzara'at) or is tahor?
    13:2 – A kohen.
  7. If the kohen sees that the tzara'at has spread after one week, how does he rule?
    13:5 – The person is tamei.
  8. What disqualifies a kohen from being able to give a ruling in a case of tzara'at?
    13:12 – Poor vision.
  9. Why is the appearance of tzara'at on the tip of one of the 24 “limbs” that project from the body usually unable to be examined?
    13:14 – The tzara'at as a whole must be seen at one time. Since these parts are angular, they cannot be seen at one time.
  10. On which days is a kohen not permitted to give a ruling on tzara'at?
    13:14 – During the festivals; and ruling on a groom during the seven days of feasting after the marriage.
  11. In areas of the body where collections of hair grow (e.g., the head or beard), what color hair is indicative of ritual impurity?
    13:29 – Golden.
  12. In areas of the body where collections of hair grow, what color hair is indicative of purity?
    13:37 – Any color other than golden.
  13. If the kohen intentionally or unintentionally pronounces a tamei person “tahor,” what is that person's status?
    13:37 – He remains tamei.
  14. What signs of mourning must a metzora display?
    13:45 – He must tear his garments, let his hair grow wild, and cover his lips with his garment.
  15. Why must a metzora call out, “Tamei! Tamei! “?
    13:45 – So people will know to keep away from him.
  16. Where must a metzora dwell?
    13:46 – Outside the camp in isolation.
  17. Why is a metzora commanded to dwell in isolation?
    13:46 – Since tzara'at is a punishment for lashon hara (evil speech), which creates a rift between people, the Torah punishes measure for measure by placing a division between him and others.
  18. What sign denotes tzara'at in a garment?
    13:49 – A dark green or dark red discoloration.
  19. What must be done to a garment that has tzara'at?
    13:52 – It must be burned
  20. If after washing a garment the signs of tzara'at disappear entirely, how is the garment purified?
    13:58 – Through immersion in a mikveh.

Tahara (Metzora)
  1. When may a metzora not be pronounced tahor?
    14:2 – At night.
  2. In the midbar, where did a metzora dwell while he was tamei?
    14:3 – Outside the three camps.
  3. Why does the metzora require birds in the purification process?
    14:4 – Tzara'at comes as a punishment for lashon hara. Therefore, the Torah requires the metzora to offer birds, who chatter constantly, to atone for his sin of chattering.
  4. In the purification process of a metzora, what does the cedar wood symbolize?
    14:4 – The cedar is a lofty tree. It alludes to the fact that tzara'at comes as a punishment for haughtiness.
  5. During the purification process, the metzora is required to shave his hair. Which hair must he shave?
    14:9 – Any visible collection of hair on the body.
  6. What is unique about the chatat and the asham offered by the metzora?
    14:10 – They require n'sachim (drink offerings).
  7. In the Beit Hamikdash, when the metzora was presented “before G-d” (14:11), where did he stand?
    14:11 – At the gate of Nikanor.
  8. Where was the asham of the metzora slaughtered?
    14:13 – On the northern side of the mizbe'ach.
  9. How was having tzara'at in one's house sometimes advantageous?
    14:34 – The Amorites concealed treasures in the walls of their houses. After the conquest of the Land, tzara'at would afflict these houses. The Jewish owner would tear down the house and find the treasures.
  10. When a house is suspected as having tzara'at, what is its status prior to the inspection by a kohen?
    14:36 – It is tahor.
  11. What happens to the vessels that are in a house found to have tzara'at?
    14:36 – They become tamei.
  12. Which type of vessels cannot be made tahor after they become tamei?
    14:36 – Earthenware vessels.
  13. Where were stones afflicted with tzara'at discarded?
    14:40 – In places where tahor objects were not handled
  14. When a house is suspected of having tzara'at, a kohen commands that the affected stones be replaced and the house plastered. What is the law if the tzara'at:
    a. returns and spreads;
    b. does not return;
    c. returns, but does not spread?

    a. 14:44-45 – It is called “tzara'at mam'eret,” and the house must be demolished;
    b. 14:48 – the house is pronounced tahor;
    c. 14:44 – The house must be demolished.

  15. When a person enters a house that has tzara'at, when do his clothes become tamei?
    14:46 – When he remains in the house long enough to eat a small meal.
  16. What is the status of a man who is zav (sees a flow):
    a. two times or two consecutive days;
    b. three times or three consecutive days?
    15:2 –
    a. He is tamei;
    b. He is tamei and is also required to bring a korban.
  17. A zav sat or slept on the following: a). a bed; b) a plank; c) a chair; d) a rock.
    If a tahor person touches these things what is his status?
    15:4-5 – Only a type of object that one usually lies or sits upon becomes a transmitter of tumah when a zav sits or lies on it. A tahor person who subsequently touches the object becomes tamei and the clothes he is wearing are also tmei'im. Therefore:
    a. tamei;
    b. tahor;
    c. tamei;
    d. tahor.
  18. What does the Torah mean when it refers to a zav who “has not washed his hands”?
    15:11 – One who has not immersed in a mikveh.
  19. When may a zav immerse in a mikveh to purify himself?
    15:13 – After seven consecutive days without a flow.
  20. What is the status of someone who experiences a one-time flow?
    15:32 – He is tamei until evening.
image.png
Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

ימי ספירת העומר

—————
מנויים יקרים, היום אנו מוסיפים בראש ההלכה, הקלטה ממורינו הראשון לציון שליט”א, בתשובה לשאלות הנוגעות לימים הללו. תזכו לשנים רבות נעימות וטובות.
—————

ימי ספירת העומר, הם ימים שקדושתם מרובה, כמו שכתב הרמב”ן בפירושו לפרשת אמור, כי ימים אלה שהם ימי ספירת העומר, מחג הפסח ועד לחג השבועות, קדושתם היא כקדושת ימי חול המועד, ואינם ימי אבל ופורענות כמו ימי בין המצריםומרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל היה מזכיר את דברי הרמב”ן הללו בימי הספירה, כדי שלא יטעו המון העם לחשוב שימים אלה הם חלילה ימי פורענות.

אך בעוונות הרבים, בימים אלה אירע מאורע מצער ומזעזע לעם ישראל, כמו שמבואר בגמרא (יבמות סב:), “שנים עשר אלף זוגות תלמידים היו לו לרבי עקיבא, וכולם מתו בין פסח לעצרת (חג השבועות), מפני שלא נהגו כבוד זה בזה”. וכולם מתו באסכרא. (אסכרה הוא חולי המביא לדום נשימה). כלומר, היתה לו לרבי עקיבא ישיבה ענקית, שממנה יצאה תורה לכל ישראל, ואילו היו אותם התלמידים ממשיכים לחיות, עד ימינו אנו, היתה התורה עשירה יותר, ומכוחם וכוח כוחם של אותם התלמידים, בודאי היתה נמשכת ברכה עצומה לכלל ישראל עד סוף הדורות. ונגזרה הגזירה, ומתו כולם בימים הללו.

ובתשובות הגאונים, (הם חכמי ישראל שחיו קודם תקופת הראשונים) נזכר, כי מחמת המאורע הזה, נהגו כל ישראל שלא לשאת אשה בימים אלה, משום מנהג אבלותוכן מבואר בפוסקים שנהגו בימים הללו שלא ללבוש בגד חדש, ולא להסתפר, ולא לשמוע כלי שיר.

ובכל זאת לא בכל ימי הספירה נוהגים מנהגי אבלות, אלא עד ליום ל”ד או ל”ג לעומר. שכן כתב בעל ספר המנהיג, ועוד מרבותינו הראשונים, שביום ל”ג לעומר, פסקו תלמידי רבי עקיבה למות. וכן פסק הרמ”א (בסימן תצג), שמיום ל”ג לעומר מותר לערוך שמחת נשואין.

אבל מנהג הספרדים שעד יום ל”ד לעומר נוהגים מנהגי אבלות, והימים הללו אסורים בשמחת נשואין, וטעם הדבר מבואר על פי מה שכתב בספר המנהיג בשם רבינו זרחיה הלוי, שמצא כתוב בספר קדמון הבא מספרד, שכל תלמידי רבי עקיבא מתו מפסח ועד “פרוס עצרת”, ומה פירוש הדבר “פרוס עצרת”, “פורסא – פלגא”, כלומר, פרוס, מלשון פרוסה, שלוקחים שלושים יום מחג השבועות, שהם הימים הסמוכים לחג השבועות, כמו שאמרו “שואלין בהלכות הפסח קודם הפסח שלושים יום”, ומחצית מאותם שלושים יום, שהם ט”ו יום קודם חג השבועות, בהם כבר פסקו תלמידי רבי עקיבא למות.

וכן כתבו עוד מרבותינו הראשונים, וביארו שאם נסיר חמשה עשר מארבעים ותשעה יום שבין פסח לעצרת נשארו שלושים וארבעה ימים. ומכל מקום ביום ל”ד לעומר עצמו, משעות הבוקר, כבר מותר לשאת אשה משום שמקצת היום ככולו לענין אבילות, וכיון שכבר עבר קצת מיום ל”ד אין צריך יותר לנהוג אבילות.

ומותר לעשות סעודת אירוסין (תנאים, כלומר, סגירת השידוך) בימי ספירת העומר. ואם באותה שעה נסגר ענין השידוך ממש, יש מיקלים לעשות כן אפילו בכלי שיר.

The Omer Counting Period

The period of the counting of the Omer is exalted indeed and filled with sanctity, as the Ramban writes in his commentary on Parashat Emor that the days between the holidays of Pesach and Shavuot, i.e. the Omer counting period, retain the sanctity of Chol Ha’Moed and are not days of national tragedy and mourning like the Three Weeks between the Seventeenth of Tammuz and the Ninth of Av. Maran zt”l would mention this Ramban so that that people would not mistakenly think that these were ominous days for the Jewish nation.

Nevertheless, a terrible occurrence befell the Jewish nation during this time, as the Gemara (Yevamot 62b) recounts: “Rabbi Akiva had twelve thousand pairs of students and they all died between Pesach and Shavuot because they did not treat each other respectfully.” They all perished from Askara (an agonizing illness leading to acute respiratory failure). This means that Rabbi Akiva had a tremendous, flourishing empire of Torah which served to disseminate the Torah throughout the Jewish nation and would they remain alive, their Torah and that of their descendants and pupils would have served to illuminate the torch of Torah for generations on end. However, it was decreed in Heaven that they all die during this period.

The Responsa of the Geonim (the Sages of Israel of the generation immediately preceding that of the Rishonim) mention that because of this tragic event, the entire Jewish nation observes the custom of not getting married during this period of time as a sign of mourning. It is also customary not to wear new garments, take haircuts, or listen to music during this time.

Nevertheless, we do not observe these mourning customs throughout the entire duration of the Omer period; these customs are only observed until the 33rd or 34th day of the Omer, for the Sefer Ha’Manhig and other great Rishonim write that Rabbi Akiva’s students ceased dying on the 33rd day of the Omer. Indeed, the Rama (in his gloss on Chapter 493) rules that from the 33rd day of the Omer, it is permissible to hold weddings.

On the other hand, the Sephardic custom is to continue these mourning customs until the 34th day of the Omer and it is forbidden to get married on any of these days. The reason for this is based on what the Sefer Ha’Manhig has written in the name of Rabbeinu Zerachya Ha’Levi who had found in any old manuscript that had come from Spain that the students of Rabbi Akiva died from Pesach until “half of Shavuot.” This means that the thirty days preceding the holiday of Shavuot are divided in half, i.e. fifteen days before Shavuot, and on this day, Rabbi Akiva’s students ceased dying.

Other Rishonim concur and write that if we subtract fifteen days from the forty-nine days between Pesach and Shavuot, the product will be thirty-four. It is nevertheless permissible to get married immediately from the morning of the 34th day of the Omer, for the rule regarding the laws of mourning is that “a portion of the day is likened to the entire day.” Thus, since a portion of the 34th day of the Omer has already passed, one need not observe the mourning customs any longer.

It is permissible to hold an engagement party during the Omer counting period. If the actual Shidduch has been closed at the time of the celebration (as opposed to at an earlier time), there are those who rule leniently and allow for music at this party as well.

Newsletter Parashat Tazria Tahara

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info  
*****
Dear Readers
Just a reminder that although moorlanenews 
welcomes all kinds of advertisements
Moorlanenews 
does NOT ever check for their content or suitability
concerning 
Shiurim, Halacha, Events etc.
we advise our readers to always check
with their own Rabbi for advice,  final Pesak or Kasherut

May Hashem always guide us in HIS way of 
Shemirat HaTorah & Mitzvot 
****
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
***********************
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*********
Save the Date
SWIM-FOR-TORAH.jpg
*************
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Sephardic World

 

Sephardic Research: Past, Present and Future

The genealogy landscape has dramatically changed
over the last twenty years. Many Sephardic genealogists are too young to
remember life before the Internet. This week we want to look at how things have
changed, and speculate about where genealogy is heading. We are delighted to
welcome the person whose career helped define these changes.

Schelly Talalay Dardashti has thirty years experience in Jewish genealogy. Her
career encompasses the old world of paper research, journalism, pioneering
Jewish genealogical blogging and creating the world's largest Jewish genealogy
group on Facebook, Tracing the Tribe. She is a well-known and engaging speaker,
and serves as US Genealogy Advisor for MyHeritage.com

The meeting is on Sunday 18 April 2021 at 11am in LA, 2pm NYC,
7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam and 9pm Jerusalem. Join us on Zoom at: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/81644208915

If you cannot get into the meeting we have an overflow at: https://www.facebook.com/sephardicgenealogy 

 

Over the last year Sephardic World has become the leading producer
of content on Jewish history and genealogy, with a Sephardic slant. We have
no commercial sponsorship or public funding. We do not charge people to
attend our meetings or to view our content. If you care about Sephardic
history and are not already a patron, we invite you to support our
work: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

If you don’t plan to attend the meeting but want to support our work,
please consider making a one-off donation here: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/sephardicgenealogy

 

Best wishes,

Ton and David

******************

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:08

9:05

9:36

7:57

7:17

6:45

6:45

16/17 Apr

תזריע־מצורע

טהרה


*
For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*******
Q & A Parashat Tazria
  1. When does a woman who has given birth to a son go to the mikveh?
    12:2 – At the end of seven days.
  2. After a woman gives birth, she is required to offer two types of offerings. Which are they?
    12:6 – An olah and a chatat.
  3. What animal does the woman offer as a chatat?
    12:6 – A tor (turtle dove) or a ben yona (young pigeon).
  4. Which of these offerings makes her tahor (ritual purity)?
    12:7 – The chatat.
  5. Which of the sacrifices does the woman offer first, the olah or the chatat?
    12:8 – The chatat.
  6. Who determines whether a person is a metzora tamei (person with ritually impure tzara'at) or is tahor?
    13:2 – A kohen.
  7. If the kohen sees that the tzara'at has spread after one week, how does he rule?
    13:5 – The person is tamei.
  8. What disqualifies a kohen from being able to give a ruling in a case of tzara'at?
    13:12 – Poor vision.
  9. Why is the appearance of tzara'at on the tip of one of the 24 “limbs” that project from the body usually unable to be examined?
    13:14 – The tzara'at as a whole must be seen at one time. Since these parts are angular, they cannot be seen at one time.
  10. On which days is a kohen not permitted to give a ruling on tzara'at?
    13:14 – During the festivals; and ruling on a groom during the seven days of feasting after the marriage.
  11. In areas of the body where collections of hair grow (e.g., the head or beard), what color hair is indicative of ritual impurity?
    13:29 – Golden.
  12. In areas of the body where collections of hair grow, what color hair is indicative of purity?
    13:37 – Any color other than golden.
  13. If the kohen intentionally or unintentionally pronounces a tamei person “tahor,” what is that person's status?
    13:37 – He remains tamei.
  14. What signs of mourning must a metzora display?
    13:45 – He must tear his garments, let his hair grow wild, and cover his lips with his garment.
  15. Why must a metzora call out, “Tamei! Tamei! “?
    13:45 – So people will know to keep away from him.
  16. Where must a metzora dwell?
    13:46 – Outside the camp in isolation.
  17. Why is a metzora commanded to dwell in isolation?
    13:46 – Since tzara'at is a punishment for lashon hara (evil speech), which creates a rift between people, the Torah punishes measure for measure by placing a division between him and others.
  18. What sign denotes tzara'at in a garment?
    13:49 – A dark green or dark red discoloration.
  19. What must be done to a garment that has tzara'at?
    13:52 – It must be burned
  20. If after washing a garment the signs of tzara'at disappear entirely, how is the garment purified?
    13:58 – Through immersion in a mikveh.

Tahara (Metzora)
  1. When may a metzora not be pronounced tahor?
    14:2 – At night.
  2. In the midbar, where did a metzora dwell while he was tamei?
    14:3 – Outside the three camps.
  3. Why does the metzora require birds in the purification process?
    14:4 – Tzara'at comes as a punishment for lashon hara. Therefore, the Torah requires the metzora to offer birds, who chatter constantly, to atone for his sin of chattering.
  4. In the purification process of a metzora, what does the cedar wood symbolize?
    14:4 – The cedar is a lofty tree. It alludes to the fact that tzara'at comes as a punishment for haughtiness.
  5. During the purification process, the metzora is required to shave his hair. Which hair must he shave?
    14:9 – Any visible collection of hair on the body.
  6. What is unique about the chatat and the asham offered by the metzora?
    14:10 – They require n'sachim (drink offerings).
  7. In the Beit Hamikdash, when the metzora was presented “before G-d” (14:11), where did he stand?
    14:11 – At the gate of Nikanor.
  8. Where was the asham of the metzora slaughtered?
    14:13 – On the northern side of the mizbe'ach.
  9. How was having tzara'at in one's house sometimes advantageous?
    14:34 – The Amorites concealed treasures in the walls of their houses. After the conquest of the Land, tzara'at would afflict these houses. The Jewish owner would tear down the house and find the treasures.
  10. When a house is suspected as having tzara'at, what is its status prior to the inspection by a kohen?
    14:36 – It is tahor.
  11. What happens to the vessels that are in a house found to have tzara'at?
    14:36 – They become tamei.
  12. Which type of vessels cannot be made tahor after they become tamei?
    14:36 – Earthenware vessels.
  13. Where were stones afflicted with tzara'at discarded?
    14:40 – In places where tahor objects were not handled
  14. When a house is suspected of having tzara'at, a kohen commands that the affected stones be replaced and the house plastered. What is the law if the tzara'at:
    a. returns and spreads;
    b. does not return;
    c. returns, but does not spread?

    a. 14:44-45 – It is called “tzara'at mam'eret,” and the house must be demolished;
    b. 14:48 – the house is pronounced tahor;
    c. 14:44 – The house must be demolished.

  15. When a person enters a house that has tzara'at, when do his clothes become tamei?
    14:46 – When he remains in the house long enough to eat a small meal.
  16. What is the status of a man who is zav (sees a flow):
    a. two times or two consecutive days;
    b. three times or three consecutive days?
    15:2 –
    a. He is tamei;
    b. He is tamei and is also required to bring a korban.
  17. A zav sat or slept on the following: a). a bed; b) a plank; c) a chair; d) a rock.
    If a tahor person touches these things what is his status?
    15:4-5 – Only a type of object that one usually lies or sits upon becomes a transmitter of tumah when a zav sits or lies on it. A tahor person who subsequently touches the object becomes tamei and the clothes he is wearing are also tmei'im. Therefore:
    a. tamei;
    b. tahor;
    c. tamei;
    d. tahor.
  18. What does the Torah mean when it refers to a zav who “has not washed his hands”?
    15:11 – One who has not immersed in a mikveh.
  19. When may a zav immerse in a mikveh to purify himself?
    15:13 – After seven consecutive days without a flow.
  20. What is the status of someone who experiences a one-time flow?
    15:32 – He is tamei until evening.

image.png

Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

ימי ספירת העומר

—————
מנויים יקרים, היום אנו מוסיפים בראש ההלכה, הקלטה ממורינו הראשון לציון
שליט”א, בתשובה לשאלות הנוגעות לימים הללו. תזכו לשנים רבות נעימות וטובות
.
—————

ימי ספירת העומר, הם ימים שקדושתם מרובה, כמו שכתב הרמב”ן בפירושו
לפרשת אמור, כי ימים אלה שהם ימי ספירת העומר, מחג הפסח ועד לחג השבועות, קדושתם
היא כקדושת ימי חול המועד, ואינם ימי אבל ופורענות כמו ימי בין המצרים
ומרן רבינו עובדיה
יוסף זצ”ל היה מזכיר את דברי הרמב”ן הללו בימי הספירה, כדי שלא יטעו
המון העם לחשוב שימים אלה הם חלילה ימי פורענות
.

אך בעוונות הרבים, בימים אלה אירע מאורע מצער ומזעזע לעם ישראל, כמו שמבואר
בגמרא (יבמות סב:), “שנים עשר אלף זוגות תלמידים היו לו לרבי עקיבא, וכולם
מתו בין פסח לעצרת (חג השבועות), מפני שלא נהגו כבוד זה בזה”. וכולם מתו
באסכרא. (אסכרה הוא חולי המביא לדום נשימה). כלומר, היתה לו לרבי עקיבא ישיבה
ענקית, שממנה יצאה תורה לכל ישראל, ואילו היו אותם התלמידים ממשיכים לחיות, עד
ימינו אנו, היתה התורה עשירה יותר, ומכוחם וכוח כוחם של אותם התלמידים, בודאי היתה
נמשכת ברכה עצומה לכלל ישראל עד סוף הדורות. ונגזרה הגזירה, ומתו כולם בימים הללו
.

ובתשובות הגאונים, (הם חכמי ישראל שחיו קודם תקופת הראשונים) נזכר, כי מחמת
המאורע הזה, נהגו כל ישראל שלא לשאת אשה בימים אלה, משום מנהג אבלות
וכן מבואר בפוסקים
שנהגו בימים הללו שלא ללבוש בגד חדש, ולא להסתפר, ולא לשמוע כלי שיר
.

ובכל זאת לא בכל ימי הספירה נוהגים מנהגי אבלות, אלא עד ליום ל”ד או
ל”ג לעומר. שכן כתב בעל ספר המנהיג, ועוד מרבותינו הראשונים, שביום ל”ג
לעומר, פסקו תלמידי רבי עקיבה למות. וכן פסק הרמ”א (בסימן תצג), שמיום
ל”ג לעומר מותר לערוך שמחת נשואין
.

אבל מנהג הספרדים שעד יום ל”ד לעומר נוהגים מנהגי אבלות, והימים הללו
אסורים בשמחת נשואין, וטעם הדבר מבואר על פי מה שכתב בספר המנהיג בשם רבינו זרחיה
הלוי, שמצא כתוב בספר קדמון הבא מספרד, שכל תלמידי רבי עקיבא מתו מפסח ועד
“פרוס עצרת”, ומה פירוש הדבר “פרוס עצרת”, “פורסא –
פלגא”, כלומר, פרוס, מלשון פרוסה, שלוקחים שלושים יום מחג השבועות, שהם הימים
הסמוכים לחג השבועות, כמו שאמרו “שואלין בהלכות הפסח קודם הפסח שלושים
יום”, ומחצית מאותם שלושים יום, שהם ט”ו יום קודם חג השבועות, בהם כבר
פסקו תלמידי רבי עקיבא למות
.

וכן כתבו עוד מרבותינו הראשונים, וביארו שאם נסיר חמשה עשר מארבעים ותשעה
יום שבין פסח לעצרת נשארו שלושים וארבעה ימים. ומכל מקום ביום ל”ד לעומר
עצמו, משעות הבוקר, כבר מותר לשאת אשה משום שמקצת היום ככולו לענין אבילות, וכיון
שכבר עבר קצת מיום ל”ד אין צריך יותר לנהוג אבילות
.

ומותר לעשות סעודת אירוסין (תנאים, כלומר, סגירת השידוך) בימי ספירת העומר.
ואם באותה שעה נסגר ענין השידוך ממש, יש מיקלים לעשות כן אפילו בכלי שיר
.

The Omer Counting Period

The period of the counting of the Omer is exalted
indeed and filled with sanctity, as the Ramban writes in his commentary on
Parashat Emor that the days between the holidays of Pesach and Shavuot, i.e.
the Omer counting period, retain the sanctity of Chol Ha’Moed and
are not days of national tragedy and mourning like the Three Weeks between the
Seventeenth of Tammuz and the Ninth of Av. Maran zt”l would
mention this Ramban so that that people would not mistakenly think that these
were ominous days for the Jewish nation.

Nevertheless, a terrible occurrence befell the
Jewish nation during this time, as the Gemara (Yevamot 62b) recounts: “Rabbi
Akiva had twelve thousand pairs of students and they all died between Pesach
and Shavuot because they did not treat each other respectfully.” They all
perished from Askara (an agonizing illness leading to acute
respiratory failure). This means that Rabbi Akiva had a tremendous, flourishing
empire of Torah which served to disseminate the Torah throughout the Jewish
nation and would they remain alive, their Torah and that of their descendants
and pupils would have served to illuminate the torch of Torah for generations
on end. However, it was decreed in Heaven that they all die during this period.

The Responsa of the Geonim (the Sages of Israel of
the generation immediately preceding that of the Rishonim) mention that because
of this tragic event, the entire Jewish nation observes the custom of not
getting married during this period of time as a sign of mourning. It is also
customary not to wear new garments, take haircuts, or listen to music during
this time.

Nevertheless, we do not observe these mourning
customs throughout the entire duration of the Omer period; these customs are
only observed until the 33rd or 34th day of the
Omer, for the Sefer Ha’Manhig and other great Rishonim write that Rabbi Akiva’s
students ceased dying on the 33rd day of the Omer. Indeed, the
Rama (in his gloss on Chapter 493) rules that from the 33rd day
of the Omer, it is permissible to hold weddings.

On the other hand, the Sephardic custom is to
continue these mourning customs until the 34th day of the Omer
and it is forbidden to get married on any of these days. The reason for this is
based on what the Sefer Ha’Manhig has written in the name of Rabbeinu Zerachya
Ha’Levi who had found in any old manuscript that had come from Spain that the
students of Rabbi Akiva died from Pesach until “half of Shavuot.” This means that
the thirty days preceding the holiday of Shavuot are divided in half, i.e.
fifteen days before Shavuot, and on this day, Rabbi Akiva’s students ceased
dying.

Other Rishonim concur and write that if we subtract
fifteen days from the forty-nine days between Pesach and Shavuot, the product
will be thirty-four. It is nevertheless permissible to get married immediately
from the morning of the 34th day of the Omer, for the rule
regarding the laws of mourning is that “a portion of the day is likened to the
entire day.” Thus, since a portion of the 34th day of the Omer
has already passed, one need not observe the mourning customs any longer.

It is permissible to hold an engagement party
during the Omer counting period. If the actual Shidduch has
been closed at the time of the celebration (as opposed to at an earlier time),
there are those who rule leniently and allow for music at this party as well.

 

Petira of Mrs Hodari a’h

image.png

It is with great regret & sadness

that we inform the Kahal

of the Petira of


Mrs. Nita Hodari  ע״ה

 

mother of our dear friend

Mr. Antony Hodari שתח״י

today 26 Nisan

the levaya will take place Be’H 

TODAY 

at 3.00 PM

at Southern Cemetery 

 

מן השמים תנחמו

אריכות ימים

 

Moorlanenews 

would like to use this opportunity

to send their heartfelt condolences

to Antony שתח״י 

and all his family 

and wish them 

מן השמים תנחמו

  אריכות ימים  

Newsletter Parashat Shemini – Shabbat Mevarechim

image.jpeg  

image.png

Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info  
*****
THIS SHABBAT IS 
שבת מברכים
חודש אייר
******
ראש חודש אייר
Sunday night – Monday (12/4)
&
Tuesday (13/4)
***************
image.png
Time Table 
attached to this email
**********
Save the Date
SWIM-FOR-TORAH.jpg
*********************
image.png
Summer Term Coming SOON
********
Sephardic World
TODAY we are delighted to be hosting a patrons-only event. Ton and David will present our joint research on the Castro Mattos family from Inquisition Spain to Jamaica, via France, The Netherlands, England and Curacao. We shall show how we traced the global travels of an ordinary Sephardic family, the resources we used, and tricks of the trade.

This is a patrons only meeting. If you are not already a patron and want to support our work and attend this meeting, please sign up now at https://www.patreon.com/sephardi 

The meeting is on Wednesday 7 April at 11am LA, 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Paris. Details of the meeting are posted to our Patreon page, visible to patrons only.

If you are not a patron and want to support our work with a one-off donation, it would be much appreciated. We have no commercial or institutional sponsorship. https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/sephardicgenealogy

Best wishes,

Ton and David

********************************

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

8:53

8:50

9:45

7:44

7:06

6:35

6:45

9/10 Apr

שׁמיני (ש''מ)

*For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to
bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after
the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the
‘latest candle
lighting’ column is earlier,
when
candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*******
Q & A Parashat Shemini
  1. What date was “yom hashemini”?
    9:1 – First of Nissan.
  2. Which of Aharon's korbanot atoned for the Golden Calf?
    9:2 – The calf offered as a korban chatat.
  3. What korbanot did Aharon offer for the Jewish People?
    9:3,4 – A he-goat as a chatat, a calf and a lamb for an olah, an ox and a ram for shelamim, and a mincha.
  4. What was unique about the chatat offered during the induction of the Mishkan?
    9:11 – It's the only example of a chatat offered on the courtyard mizbe'ach that was burned.
  5. When did Aharon bless the people with the birkat kohanim?
    9:22 – When he finished offering the korbanot, before descending from the mizbe'ach.
  6. Why did Moshe go into the Ohel Mo'ed with Aharon?
    9:23 – For one of two reasons: Either to teach Aharon about the service of the incense, or to pray for the Shechina to dwell with Israel.
  7. Why did Nadav and Avihu die?
    10:2 – Rashi offers two reasons: Either because they gave a halachic ruling in Moshe's presence, or because they entered the Mishkan after drinking intoxicating wine.
  8. Aharon quietly accepted his sons' death. What reward did he receive for this?
    10:3 – A portion of the Torah was given solely through Aharon.
  9. What prohibitions apply to a person who is intoxicated?
    10:9-11 – He may not give a halachic ruling. Also, a kohen is forbidden to enter the Ohel Mo'ed, approach the mizbe'ach, or perform the avoda.
  10. Name the three chatat goat offerings that were sacrificed on the day of the inauguration of the Mishkan.
    10:16 – The goat offerings of the inauguration ceremony, of Rosh Chodesh, and of Nachshon ben Aminadav.
  11. Which he-goat chatat did Aharon burn completely and why?
    10:16 – The Rosh Chodesh chatat: Either because it became tamei, or because the kohanim were forbidden to eat from it while in the state of aninut (mourning).
  12. Why did Moshe direct his harsh words at Aharon's sons?
    10:16 – Out of respect for Aharon, Moshe directed his anger at his sons and not directly at Aharon.
  13. Moshe was upset that Aharon and his sons did not eat the chatat. Why?
    10:17 – Because only when the kohanim eat the chatat are the sins of the owners atoned.
  14. Why did G-d choose Moshe, Aharon, Elazar and Itamar as His messengers to tell the Jewish People the laws of kashrut?
    11:2 – Because they accepted the deaths of Nadav and Avihu in silence.
  15. What are the signs of a kosher land animal?
    11:3 – An animal whose hooves are completely split and who chews its cud.
  16. How many non-kosher animals display only one sign of kashrut? What are they?
    11:4,5,6,7 – Four: Camel, shafan, hare, and pig.
  17. If a fish sheds its fins and scales when out of the water, is it kosher?
    11:12 – Yes.
  18. Why is a stork called chasida in Hebrew?
    11:19 – Because it acts with chesed (kindness) toward other storks.
  19. The chagav is a kosher insect. Why don't we eat it?
    11:21 – We have lost the tradition and are not able to identify the kosher chagav.
  20. What requirements must be met in order for water to maintain its status of purity?
    11:36 – It must be connected to the ground (i.e., a spring or a cistern).

image.png

Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

מצות ספירת העומר

מצות ספירת העומר
כתוב בתורה (ויקרא כא טו): וספרתם לכם ממחרת השבת מיום הביאכם את עומר
התנופה שבע שבתות תמימות תהיינה. וקבלו חז”ל (במסכת מנחות דף סה:) שפירוש
“ממחרת השבת” הוא מחרת יום טוב הראשון של פסח שהוא יום שבתון (ואליו
הכוונה במילים “ממחרת השבת”, ממחרת ליום ראשון של פסח שהוא יום שבתון,
לכן מיד במוצאי יום טוב ראשון של פסח אחרי תפילת ערבית מתחילים לספור ספירת
העומר). ומצות עשה מן התורה לספור ספירת העומר החל מליל ט”ז בניסן עד גמר
שבעה שבועות שהם ארבעים ותשעה ימים
.

ספירת העומר – מצוה מדרבנן או מן התורה?
ומכל מקום הואיל ונאמר (דברים טז ט): שבעה שבועות תספר לך “מהחל חרמש
בקמה” תחל לספור שבעה שבועות, דהיינו משעת קצירת העומר, ובזמן הזה שבית המקדש
חרב אין לנו קצירת העומר ולא קרבן העומר, לכן אין מצות ספירת העומר בזמן הזה אלא
מדברי סופרים זכר למקדש. ולכן בנוסח “לשם יחוד” שנוהגים לומר קודם ספירת
העומר נכון להשמיט ממנו מה שאומרים “כמו שכתוב בתורה וספרתם לכם וכו'”
שהרי מצות ספירת העומר אינה מן התורה. (ואף שבאמת לדעת הרמב”ם והראבי”ה
אין שייכות בין מצות ספירת העומר לקצירת העומר, ולדעתם מצות ספירת העומר מן התורה
אף בזמן זה, מכל מקום אין אנו פוסקים כדבריהם, אלא כדעת מרן השלחן ערוך שקבלנו
הוראותיו, שפסק שספירת העומר מדרבנן, שכן דעת רב האי גאון והתוספות והרא”ש
והעיטור והרשב”א והר”ן ועוד)
.

השוכח לספור יום אחד
מצות ספירת העומר, היא מצוה בכל יום ויום מימי הספירה, ולכן אנו מברכים
עליה בכל יום ויום קודם הספירה
.

אולם לדעת בעל הלכות גדולות, מי ששכח לספור ספירת העומר יום אחד, שוב אינו
יכול להמשיך בספירת העומר, הואיל ואי אפשר לספור בדילוג (שכן הסופר אחד שנים ארבעה
אינו סופר נכון, כמו כן השוכח יום אחד, שוב אין לו תקנה והמשך הספירה שלו אינו
נחשב לספירה). ואנו נוקטים להלכה, שגם אם שכח יום אחד לספור ספירת העומר, ימשיך
עוד בספירת שאר הימים, מכיון שכל יום הוא מצוה בפני עצמה שאינה תלויה בשאר הימים.
רק הואיל וכלל גדול בידינו “ספק ברכות להקל”, לכן לענין הברכה אנו
חוששים לסברת בעל הלכות גדולות
.

נמצא אם כן, שמי ששכח יום אחד לספור ספירת העומר, ימשיך בשאר הימים לספור
כדרכו, רק מכאן ולהבא אינו מברך על הספירה

קטן שהגדיל בימי הספירה
כתב מרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל (בשו”ת יביע אומר ח”ג
או”ח סימן כז), אודות ילד, שמלאו לו שלוש עשרה שנה בתוך ימי הספירה. שמאחר
והימים שספר לפני שנעשה בר מצוה, היו בעודו קטן, שלא היה עדיין מחוייב במצות מן
התורה כמו גדול, לכן, הרי זה דומה למי שעד עתה לא ספר ספירת העומר, ואינו יכול
להמשיך לספור בברכה בשאר הימים. והאריך בדין זה מאד, והביא ראיות לדבריו. וגדולי
הדור הקודם התווכחו הרבה בדין זה. אולם להלכה יש להורות, שקטן שנעשה בר מצוה בתוך
ימי הספירה, ימשיך לספור “בלא ברכה
“.

זמן הספירה, ודין הנשים
זמן ספירת העומר בלילה, ומכל מקום אם שכח לספור בלילה יספור ביום שאחריו
בלי ברכה, ואחר כך יוכל להמשיך לספור בכל לילה ולילה בברכה
.

אשה הסופרת ספירת העומר, לא תברך על הספירה. ולמנהגינו, אין הנשים סופרות
ספירת העומר. והטעם בזה מבואר על פי דברי המקובלים
.

The Mitzvah of Counting the Omer

The Torah states (Vayikra 21, 15): “And you shall
count for yourselves, from the day following the Shabbat, from the day the
waved Omer offering is brought, seven complete weeks shall they be.” Our Sages
(Menachot 65b) have a tradition that the “day following the Shabbat” refers to
the day following the first day of Pesach which is a holiday. (This is what is
meant by the words, “the day following the Shabbat,” i.e. the day following the
first day of Pesach which is a holiday, also known as “Shabbaton.” Therefore,
on the night following the first day of Pesach following Arvit, we immediately
begin counting the Omer.) It is a Torah commandment to count the Omer beginning
from the Sixteenth of Nissan until the end of seven weeks, which is a period of
forty-nine days.

Counting the Omer-A Torah or Rabbinic
Commandment

Nevertheless, since the Torah also states (Devarim 16, 9), “You shall count for
yourselves seven weeks, from when the sickle begins to strike the standing
stalks shall you begin to count these seven weeks,” which means from the time
the Omer offering was harvested and unfortunately nowadays when the Bet
Hamikdash no longer stands, we have neither the harvesting of or bringing of
the Omer offering. Thus, this Mitzvah of counting the Omer is only rabbinic in
commemoration of the services performed in the Bet Hamikdash. Therefore, in the
Leshem Yichud” text customarily recited before counting the Omer, one
should omit the phrase, “As the Torah states, ‘And you shall count for
yourselves’” etc. for the Mitzvah of counting the Omer is no longer a Torah
commandment. (Although according to the opinion of the Rambam and the Ra’avaya
there is no correlation between the Mitzvah of counting the Omer and the
harvesting the Omer and according to them the Mitzvah of counting the Omer is a
Torah commandment even nowadays, nonetheless, we do not rule this way and the
Halacha in this matter follows Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch, whose rulings we have
accepted, who rules that counting the Omer is only a rabbinic commandment nowadays,
for this is indeed the opinion of Rav Hai Gaon, Tosafot,  Rosh,
 Itur,  Rashba, Ran, and others).

One Who Forgets to Count One Day
The Mitzvah of counting the Omer is a Mitzvah during every single day of the
counting period, and for this reason we recite a blessing on it before counting
every single day.

However, according to the opinion of the Ba’al
Halachot Gedolot, if one has forgotten to count the Omer on one day during the
counting period he can no longer continue to count the Omer since it is not
possible to count by skipping (for if one counts one, two, four, he has counted
incorrectly; thus, if one missed counting one day he can no longer rectify this
and what he counts from now on is not considered counting at all). Halachically
speaking, we hold that even if one has forgotten to count one day of the Omer,
he may in fact continue to count the rest of the days for every day is a
separate Mitzvah regardless of the other days. Nevertheless, since we always
follow the great rule of “when in doubt, do not bless,” regarding the blessing
we are concerned about the opinion of the Ba’al Halachot Gedolot. Therefore, if
one forgets to count one day of the Omer, one should continue to count the rest
of the days as usual; however, from now on he should not recite the blessing
before counting.

A Child who Turns Thirteen during the
Omer

Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l  discusses (in his
Responsa Yabia Omer, Volume 3, Orach Chaim, Chapter 27) the Halacha regarding a
child who turns thirteen years old during the Omer period. Since the days he
has counted until this point were counted when he was still a child and not
halachically obligated to perform the Mitzvot like an adult, his status is
similar to one who has not counted the Omer until now and thus does not
continue to count with a blessing on subsequent nights. He speaks lengthily and
brings a great many sources to support his view. The luminaries of the previous
generation debated this matter at length. Nevertheless, halachically speaking,
a child who turns thirteen years old during the Omer should continue to count
on the subsequent night without reciting a blessing.

The Time for the Counting and the Laws
of Women and Counting the Omer

The appropriate time for counting the Omer is at night; however, if one forgets
to count at night, one may count throughout the day without reciting a blessing
before counting, in which case one may continue counting on all subsequent
nights while reciting a blessing.

Women who count the Omer should not recite a
blessing before counting. According to our custom though, women do not count
the Omer at all. The reason for this is discussed by the Mekubalim.

Time table changes

Moadim Lesimcha
Moed Tov Umevorach

Please see below in RED changes to the time table

 

 

ערב שבת ויום
טוב

Ereb
Shabbat Yom Tob

20th
Nissan
Friday 2nd April

מנחה
וקבלת שבת ויו״ט

 

Minha & K’ Shabbat & Yom Tob

6:30 pm

פלג המנחה – Pelag Hamincha

6:56 pm

 

 

הדלקת נרות – Latest Candle Lighting

7:31 pm

שקיעה – Sunset

7:45 pm

Nightfall
&
 עומר

8:31 pm

Yom Tob יום טוב

21st
Nissan – Shabbat 3rd April

שחרית (הודו) – Hodu

9:00 am

קריאת שמע – Shema before

9:55 am

שמונה עשרה – Amida before

11:00
am

מנחה
וערבית

– Minha followed by Arbit

7:25 pm

שקיעה – Sunset

7:47 pm

מוצש״ק וזמן יו״ט ב׳

 

עומרו

8:39 pm

 

 

 

 

Yom Tob יום טוב

21st
Nissan – Sunday 4th April

שחרית (הודו) – Hodu

9:00 am

קריאת שמע – Shema before

9:53 am

שמונה עשרה – Amida before

10:59
am

מנחה – Minha

7:35 pm

שקיעה – Sunset

7:49 pm

ערבית – Arbit

8:40 pm

מוצאי יום טוב (עומר)

8:41 pm

Newsletter Parashat Tzav – Pesach

image.jpeg  

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info  
********
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*******
5781 – 2021
 A brief outlook of the days leading up to Pesach
Thursday 25/03/21
*Taanit Bechor Siyum
* Bedikat Chametz – searching for the Chametz
* Say Kal Chamira
Friday 26/03/21
* Deadline – Mcr. Bet Din Selling Chametz Form
* Biur Chametz – destroying the Chametz
* Leave the Chametz you need for the Shabbat meals
 in a safe & secure place
* Don't say Kal Chamira….yet!!
* Decide on clock arrangements
 (we change to summertime on Motzae Shabbat / 1st night of Pesach) 
* Light candles for Shabbat
* Light 24hr candle ready for Motzae Shabbat 
to light Yom Tov Lights
Shabbat morning 27/03/21
* Early morning Shacharit
* Dispose of any leftover chametz
* After eating the Shabbat Chametz
say Kal Chamira!!
 Motzae Shabbat
* Lel Seder – Night of Pesach
* Candle Lighting from 24hr candle
* Say Havdala in the Seder by Kadesh
******
Attachments 
1) Time tables
a) Pesach
b) Summer
2) Selling Chametz form
3) KLBD Pesach products
4) SKA Pesach guide
5) image.png
6) Rabbi Eli Mansour – Halachot Erev Pesach on Shabbat
7) pdf of sephardi halachot for this weekend
8) Please find Pesach Guidelines from the 

Please note the times are specific to London, for Manchester times please consult our timetable. 

The following guidelines will assist the community with Erev Pesach on a Shabbat. 
With advance planning, the Shabbat and Pesach preparations can be made simple and essentially problem free. 
However, should you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask a Rabbi.”

**********
image.png image.png
*****
image.png
****
image.png
The form is attached to this email
Lmechira5781.JPG
Deadline Fri 26 th Mar
forms can be left in the purple folder in the Bet Hakeneset
image.png
or alternatively can be given directly to the 
Manchester Bet Din
@ the Cultural Centre
******
SWIM-FOR-TORAH.jpg
*********************
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This week's winners
Gaby Weinberg
Yisrael Benami
Eitan Sacks
 *********
image.png
image.png
Making Pesach: Why So Extreme? 
HaGaon Rabbi Yaakov Hillel 
Straight from the Heart
Shabbat Shalom
Chag Kasher Vesamach
Shalom Laam
***************************************

Q & A on Parashat Tzav

  1. What separated the kohen's skin from the priestly garments?
  2. How often were the ashes removed from upon the mizbe'ach? How often were they removed from next to the mizbe'ach?
  3. If someone extinguishes the fire on the mizbe'ach, how many Torah violations has he transgressed?
  4. The portion of a flour-offeringoffered on the mizbe'ach may not be chametz. But is the kohen's portion allowed to be chametz?
  5. When a kohen is inaugurated, what offering must he bring?
  6. What three baking processes were used to prepare the korban of Aharon and his sons?
  7. What is the difference between a minchat kohen and a minchat Yisrael?
  8. When is a kohen disqualified from eating from a chatat?
  9. What is the difference between a copper and earthenware vessel regarding removing absorbed tastes?
  10. Can an animal dedicated as an asham be replaced with another animal?
  11. How does an asham differ from all other korbanot?
  12. Unlike all other korbanot, what part of the ram or sheep may be placed on the mizbe'ach?
  13. What three types of kohanim may not eat from the asham?
  14. In which four instances is a korban todah brought?
  15. Until when may a todah be eaten according to the Torah? Until when according to Rabbinic decree?
  16. How does a korban become pigul?
  17. Who may eat from a shelamim?
  18. What miracle happened at the entrance of the Ohel Moed?
  19. Other than Yom Kippur, what other service requires that the kohen separate from his family?
  20. What are the 5 categories of korbanot listed in this Parsha?

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated.

  1. 6:3 – Nothing.
  2. 6:4 –
    A) Every day.
    B) Whenever there was a lot.
  3. 6:6 – Two.
  4. 6:10 – No.
  5. 6:13 – A korban mincha — A tenth part of an ephah of flour.
  6. 6:14 – Boiling, baking in an oven and frying in a pan.
  7. 6:15 – The minchat kohen is burnt completely. Only a handful of the minchat Yisrael is burnt, and the remainder is eaten by the kohanim.
  8. 6:19 – If he is tamei (spiritually impure) at the time of the sprinkling of the blood.
  9. 6:21 – One can remove an absorbed taste from a copper vessel by scouring and rinsing, whereas such a taste can never be removed from an earthenware vessel.
  10. 7:1 – No.
  11. 7:3 – It can only be brought from a ram or sheep.
  12. 7:3 – The tail.
  13. 7:7 – A t'vul yom (a tamei kohen who immersed in a mikveh yet awaits sunset to become tahor); A mechusar kipurim (a tamei person who has gone to the mikveh but has yet to bring his required offering); An onan (a mourner prior to the burial of the deceased).
  14. 7:12 – Upon safe arrival from an ocean voyage; Upon safe arrival from a desert journey; Upon being freed from prison; Upon recovering from illness.
  15. 7:15 –
  16. 7:18 – The person slaughters the animal with the intention that it be eaten after the prescribed time.
  17. 7:19 – Any uncontaminated person (not only the owner).
  18. 8:3 – The entire nation was able to fit in this very small area.
  19. 8:34 – The burning of the parah adumah (red heifer).
  20. Olah (6:2); mincha (6:7); chatat (6:18); asham (7:1); shelamim (7:11).


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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

ביעור ומכירת חמץ

ביעור חמץ 
ביום י”ד בניסן
בבוקר, , מבערים את החמץ עד סוף
הזמן הקרוי לביעורו (ובארץ ישראל סוף זמן שריפת חמץ בשנה זו הוא בערך בשעה אחת
עשרה ורבע בבוקר, וסוף זמן אכילת חמץ הוא כחמש דקות לפני השעה עשר בבוקר, ובכל
מקום יש לנהוג כפי שמופיע בלוחות השנה המוסמכים)
.

כיצד מצות ביעור חמץ? שורפו או פוררו לפירורים דקים,
וזורהו ברוח או זורקו לים. והמנהג לשורפו באש. וחמץ שהושלך לאשפה (חוץ לבית, לפני
זמן איסור אכילת חמץ), אין חובה מן הדין לשרפו
.

חמץ שעבר עליו הפסח
כל המשהה חמץ ברשותו בימי
הפסח, ביטל מצות עשה, שנאמר “תשביתו שאור מבתיכם”, ועבר על לא תעשה,
שנאמר “לא יראה לך חמץ”. לפיכך קנסו חכמים את מי שעבר על איסור זה,
ואמרו (פסחים כח.): “חמץ של ישראל שעבר עליו הפסח אסור בהנאה”. וחמץ זה
נאסר בהנאה בין לאותו אדם שהשהה אותו בפסח, בין לאנשים אחרים, ואף אם לא ידעו אותם
האחרים שחמץ זה עבר עליו הפסח, היודע מכך, חייב להודיעם ולהפרישם, להצילם ממכשול
שלא יאכלו ממנו
.

מכירת חמץ
נהגו ישראל, ובפרט בעלי
חנויות, מפעלים, מחסנים וכדומה, למכור את החמץ לגוי בערב פסח. וניתן לעשות מכירת
חמץ באמצעות חתימה על “הרשאה” למכירתו, על ידי רבני בתי הכנסת שבכל מקום
ומקום. ומומלץ מאד לעשות “מכירת חמץ” כנהוג, בפרט למי שרוצה להשאיר
ברשותו מיני חמץ שחבל לו לאבדם, כגון משקאות יקרים וכדומה
.

ותוקף מכירת החמץ, הוא משום שחמץ שהיה ביד הגוי בימי
הפסח, לא נאסר בהנאה לאחר הפסח, משום שהגויים אינם מצווים על איסור חמץ כלל, ומותר
להם להחזיקו ברשותם בחג הפסח. לפיכך, על ידי מכירת החמץ, באופנים המועילים על פי
התורה, נמכר החמץ לגוי באופן מוחלט
.

וכיצד עושים את המכירה? רבני הערים שבכל מקום, נפגשים
עם הגוי ביום ערב פסח, ומסבירים לו היטב את תוכן השטר עליו הוא עתיד לחתום. והגוי
משלם “מיקדמה” בסך כמה מאות שקלים על כל החמץ שמוכרים לו, ומסוכם עמו,
שלאחר ימי הפסח, אם ירצה, יוכל לשלם את יתרת החוב (העולה לכמה מאות מליוני שקלים,
או לסכום אחר, על פי ערך החמץ הנמכר), ואז יהיה רשאי ללכת בעצמו ולקחת את החמץ בכל
מקום שיחפוץ. ואם לא ישלם את יתרת החוב, יחזור החמץ לבעליו היהודים, שיוכלו 
לאכול ממנו ולסחור בו כרצונם
.

ואף על פי שהדבר ידוע כמעט בבירור מוחלט, שהגוי לא
יבא לאחר ימי הפסח לקחת אליו את החמץ, מכל מקום מאחר שיש בידו לעשות כן, המכירה
מועילה. וכמו שכתב מרן השלחן ערוך (בסימן תמח) בזו הלשון

ואם מכרו או נתנו (את
החמץ) לאינו יהודי במתנה קודם הפסח, אף על פי שמכרו לאינו יהודי, ויודע בו שלא יגע
בו כלל, אלא ישמרנו לו (עבור היהודי) עד לאחר הפסח, ויחזור ויתננו לו, מותר”.
ומקור דבריו ממה שכתב התרומת הדשן בדין זה
.

היכן להניח את החמץ המכור
המוכר את חמצו לגוי, צריך
להצניע אותו בארון או בחדר מיוחד, ולציין על הארון שמדובר בחמץ. ועל ידי כך לא
יבוא לידי מכשול בחג הפסח, ולאכול מן החמץ
.

רכישת מוצרים אחר הפסח
כל הירא לדבר ה' לא יקנה
לאחר הפסח שום מצרך שיש בו חמץ, אלא מבעלי מכולת וצרכניה יראי שמים שמכרו את החמץ
שלהם לגוי, על ידי הרבנות המקומית, או על ידי גוף כשרות אחר, כנהוג
.

Elimination and Sale of
Chametz

Elimination of Chametz
On the morning of the Fourteenth of Nissan, one must eliminate Chametz before the
last time to do so arrives. (In Jerusalem, the latest time for burning and
renouncing Chametz is at approximately 11:15 AM and the latest time for eating
Chametz is at approximately 9:55 AM. In New York City, the end time for burning
and renouncing Chametz is at approximately 11:25 AM according to the Sephardic
custom. All Chametz must be burnt, renounced, and sold by this time. The latest
time for eating Chametz in New York City is at approximately 10:05 AM according
to the Sephardic custom. Every location should follow the times listed on the
accepted calendars in that location.)

How does one perform the
Mitzvah of eliminating Chametz? One must burn it or crumble it into tiny pieces
and throw it to the wind or into the sea. The custom though is to burn it.
Chametz which was thrown into a public trash receptacle (not in one’s possession
and before the time when Chametz becomes forbidden) need not be burned
according to Halacha.

“Chametz Which Pesach
Has Passed Over”

One who has kept Chametz in one’s possession on Pesach has nullified the
positive commandment of “You shall eradicate leaven from your homes” in
addition to transgressing the negative commandment of “Chametz shall not be
seen with you.” Our Sages have thus fined one who has transgressed this
commandment by decreeing (Pesachim 28a): “Chametz owned by a Jew which was in
his possession during Pesach is prohibited to benefit from.” Such Chametz
becomes prohibited to benefit from for the person who kept it in his possession
on Pesach as well as for others. Even if others do not know that this Chametz
was kept during Pesach, one who does know must notify others of this in order
to prevent them from the prohibition of eating it.

Sale of Chametz
It is customary among the Jewish people, especially with regards to store,
factory, and warehouse owners, to sell one’s Chametz on Erev Pesach. The sale
of Chametz can be carried out by signing a “power of attorney” appointing a
Torah scholar to sell it which can be obtained from rabbis of synagogues all
over the world. It is highly advised that one carry out this “Sale of Chametz”
as is customary, especially for those who would like to keep Chametz which
would be wasteful to dispose of in their possession, such as expensive
alcoholic beverages and the like.

The basis for the sale
of Chametz is that Chametz owned by a non-Jew on Pesach does not become
prohibited to benefit from after Pesach, for non-Jews are not commanded with
regards to the prohibitions of Chametz on Pesach at all and they may keep it in
their possession on Pesach. Thus, by selling one’s Chametz and performing
certain transactions prescribed by Halacha, the Chametz is sold to the non-Jew
absolutely.

How is this sale carried
out? Rabbis all over the world meet with a non-Jew on Erev Pesach and explain
to him clearly the contents of the contract which he will be signing on. The non-Jew
then puts down a “down-payment” sometimes amounting to several hundreds of
dollars for the Chametz being sold to him. It is agreed upon that after the
holiday of Pesach, if he wishes he may pay the balance of his debt (which
usually amounts to several millions of dollars based on the value of the
Chametz which he has purchased), at which point he may go and collect all of
the Chametz, wherever it may be. However, if he does not pay the balance, the
Chametz shall return to its original Jewish owners who will then be permitted
to eat it or sell it as they see fit.

Although it is almost
certain that the non-Jew will not come after Pesach and claim the Chametz,
nevertheless, since he has the ability to do so, the sale is valid. Similarly,
Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch (Chapter 448) states: “If Chametz was sold or given as
a gift to a non-Jew before Pesach, although it was sold to a non-Jew who will
certainly not touch it at all, rather, he will safeguard it for him (the Jew)
until after Pesach at which point he will give it back to him, this is
permissible.” The source for this ruling stems from the ruling of the Terumat
Ha’Deshen regarding this matter.

Where the Sold Chametz
Should be Placed

If one sells his Chametz to a non-Jew, one must conceal it in a designated
closet or room and mark the closet/room in a way that is noticeable that it
contains Chametz. By doing so, one will prevent mistaken consumption of these
items during Pesach.

Purchasing Chametz Items
after Pesach

One who is truly G-d-fearing should purchase Chametz items after Pesach only
from G-d-fearing store owners and grocers who have sold their Chametz to a
non-Jew before Pesach via the local rabbinate or any other Kashrut
organization, as is customary.

 

Newsletter Parashat Vayikra

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info  
***************
5781 – 2021
 A brief outlook of the days leading up to Pesach
THIS SHABBAT 20/03/21
Shabbat Hagadol Derasha (early)
Thursday Night 25/03/21
* Bedikat Chametz – searching for the Chametz
* Say Kal Chamira
Friday 26/03/21
* Deadline – Mcr. Bet Din Selling Chametz Form
 * Taanit Bechor – Siyum
* Biur Chametz – destroying the Chametz
* Leave the Chametz you need for the Shabbat meals
 in a safe & secure place
* Don't say Kal Chamira….yet!!
* Decide on clock arrangements
 (we change to summertime on Motzae Shabbat / 1st night of Pesach) 
* Light candles for Shabbat
* Light 24hr candle ready for Motzae Shabbat 
to light Yom Tov Lights
Shabbat morning 27/03/21
* Early morning Shacharit
* Dispose of any leftover chametz
* After eating the Shabbat Chametz
say Kal Chamira!!
 Motzae Shabbat
* Lel Seder – Night of Pesach
* Candle Lighting from 24hr candle
* Say Havdala in the Seder by Kadesh
*****
Time tables attached to this email
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*****
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****
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The form is attached to this email
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Deadline Fri 26 th Mar
forms can be left in the purple folder in the Bet Hakeneset
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or alternatively can be given directly to the 
Manchester Bet Din
@ the Cultural Centre
******

The Future of Bevis Marks
Your Invitation to Join the Lord Mayor of London this Thursday

Join us virtually this Thursday at Bevis Marks synagogue, when we welcome the Lord Mayor of London for an unveiling of the development plans for our historic synagogue.

Bevis Marks synagogue is a perfectly preserved living piece of 18th Century London. Built in 1701 by Sephardic Jews from Portugal and Spain, it is Britain's oldest non-Christian and ethnic minority place of worship. It is believed to be the longest continually functioning synagogue in the world. Even when closed by COVID, the rabbi has continued to pray there.

The esnoga is receiving a much-needed restoration. A new Visitor Centre will open in 2022 to tell the story of Bevis Marks and its place in the history of the City of London.
 
On 18 March at 2pm London (10am NYC and 4pm Jerusalem) we have the pleasure of welcoming the Lord Mayor of London to join our chairman, Howard Martin, Rabbi Shalom Morris and the Foundation’s heritage advisor to discuss the history of the synagogue and our plans for London’s newest visitor attraction. Please join us!
 
Ahead of the presentation if you have any questions for the panel then please email: office@bevismarksheritage.org.uk
 
To join us THIS THURDAY, 18 March, please register now at: https://zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_Cx-ph-ZQR2m1WPCxRSLW6Q There is no attendance fee, but you must register in advance.

This email has been sent using the Sephardic World list. It is a once-only message.

William Russell, Lord Mayor of London
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Pesach Products Lists attached
(1)
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(2)
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*****
Rabbi Eli Mansour
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attached to this email
*****
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with 
Rabbi Oppenheimer
learning 
Masechet Berachot
25 minutes before Korbanot
*****
Times for this week
Shacharit
Sunday
Korbanot 7:50 am Hodu 8.00 am
Mincha & Arbit 3:30 pm
Monday, Thursday & Friday
 6.55
Hodu: 7.05    Barechu: 7.15
Tues, Wed, Fri 
7.00
Hodu: 7.10   Barechu: 7.20
Arbit 
Monday – Thursday
7:00 pm
Please support our minyanim whenever possible!
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If anyone needs any help getting to or from the minyanim 
please contact one of the members of the Mahamad
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This week's winners
Gaby Weinberg
Yisrael Benami
Eitan Sacks
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COVID – 19 SUPPORT
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לוח זמני תפלה לחורף תשפ״א

מוצאי שבת

ערבית
)
מוצש(

שקיעה

מנחה שבת

סוף זמן קריאת שמע

הדלקת נרות

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Sunset

Minha

Shema before

Candle Lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

 

 

7:12

7:10

6:21

5:50

9:15

6:05

6:05

19/20 Mar

ויקרא

Q & A on Parashat Vayikra

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. Who does the word “eilav” in verse 1:1 exclude?
    1:1 – Aharon.
  2. Name all the types of animals and birds mentioned in this week's Parsha.
    1:2,14, 3:12 – Cattle, sheep, goats, turtledoves (torim), and doves (bnei yona).
  3. What two types of sin does an olah atone for?
    1:4 – Neglecting a positive command, and violating a negative command which is rectified by a positive command.
  4. Where was the olah slaughtered?
    1:5 – In the Mishkan Courtyard (azarah).
  5. What procedure of an animal-offering can a non-kohen perform?
    1:5 – Ritual slaughter.
  6. Besides the fire the kohanim bring on the altar, where else did the fire come from?
    1:7 – It descended from Heaven.
  7. At what stage of development are torim (turtledoves) and bnei yona (young pigeons) unfit as offerings?
    1:14 – When their plumage turns golden. At that stage, bnei yona are too old and torim are too young.
  8. What is melika?
    1:15 – Slaughtering a bird from the back of the neck using one's fingernail.
  9. Why are animal innards offered on the altar, while bird innards are not?
    1:16 – An animal's food is provided by its owner, so its innards are “kosher.” Birds, however, eat food that they scavenge, so their innards are tainted with “theft.”
  10. Why does the Torah describe both the animal and bird offerings as a “satisfying aroma”?
    1:17 – To indicate that the size of the offering is irrelevant, provided your heart is directed toward G-d.
  11. Why is the term “nefesh” used regarding the flour offering?
    2:1 – Usually, it is a poor person who brings a flour offering. Therefore, G-d regards it as if he had offered his nefesh (soul).
  12. Which part of the free-will mincha offering is burned on the altar?
    2:1 – The kometz (fistful).
  13. The Torah forbids bringing honey with the mincha. What is meant by “honey”?
    2:11 – Any sweet fruit derivative.
  14. When does the Torah permit bringing a leavened bread offering?
    2:12 – On Shavuot.
  15. Concerning shelamim, why does the Torah teach about sheep and goats separately?
    3:7 – Because they differ regarding the alya (fat tail). The lamb's alya is burned on the altar but the goat's is not.
  16. For most offerings the kohen may use a service vessel to apply the blood on the mizbe'ach. For which korban may he apply the blood using only his finger?
    3:8 – The chatat.
  17. Who is obligated to bring a chatat?
    4:2 – One who accidentally transgresses a negative commandment whose willing violation carries the karet (excision) penalty.
  18. Where were the remains of the bull burned while in the wilderness? Where were they burned during the time of the Beit Hamikdash?
    4:12 –
    1. Outside the three camps.
    2. Outside Jerusalem.
  19. What two things does a voluntary mincha have that a minchat chatat lacks?
    5:11 – Levona and oil.
  20. What is the minimum value of a korban asham?
    5:15 – Two shekalim.

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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

שאלה: כמה שיעורי “כזית” מצה צריך לאכול בליל פסח?

תשובה: בליל הסדר חובה לאכול סך הכל שלשה שיעורי “כזית” של מצה. וכל כזית הוא שיעור של קרוב לשלשים גרם מצה. ומכל מקום יש מקום להחמיר לאכול ארבעה שיעורים של מצה, או חמישה, כמו שנבאר.

סדר ליל פסח

סדר ליל פסח שסידר רבינו רש”י הקדוש הוא כך: קדש. ורחץ. כרפס. יחץ. מגיד. רחצה. מוציא מצה. מרור. כורך. שלחן עורך. צפון. ברך. הלל. נרצה.

בקערת ליל הסדר מניחים שלוש מצות, וכשמגיעים בסדר ליל פסח ל”יחץ“, לוקח בעל הבית את המצה האמצעית מבין השלוש, ובוצע אותה לשתי חתיכות. ומניח את החלק הקטן בין שתי המצות, ואת החלק הגדול נותן לאחד מבני הבית שישמור אותה ל”אפיקומן”. כמו שיבואר.

ה”כזית” הראשון

כשמגיעים בסדר ל”מוציא מצה“, לוקח בעל הבית את שלשת המצות המוכנות בקערת ליל הסדר, ששתי המצות השלימות מונחות מלמעלה ומלמטה, וביניהן מונחת המצה הפרוסה שחצה אותה לשנים כשהגיע ל“יחץ”, ואוחז את המצות בידו ומברך “המוציא לחם מן הארץ”, ולאחר מכן מברך “על אכילת מצה”. ונוהגים שאחרי שמברך המוציא, שומט מידיו את המצה השלישית המונחת מלמטה, ומברך על אכילת מצה רק על המצה העליונה ועל המצה הפרוסה האמצעית. ובעל הבית אוכל כזית אחת מכל מצה.

נמצא שבעל הבית אוכל שני שיעורי כזית כבר באכילה זו. אחד מן המצה העליונה ואחד מן המצה האמצעית. אבל שאר בני הבית, שאין להם מספיק לאכול שני שעורים ממצות אלו שבידיו של בעל הבית, נותן להם בעל הבית מעט מכל מצה, ומצרף להם ממצות אחרות הנמצאות איתו עד שיגיעו לשיעור כזית אחד. ודי להם לכל הדעות בשיעור כזית אחד בלבד. נמצא כי שאר בני הבית אינם אוכלים באכילה זו אלא כשיעור כזית אחד בלבד. וגם בעל הבית אם מאיזו סיבה לא אכל שיעור של פעמיים כזית, יצא בדיעבד ידי חובתו. ולקוצר הזמן לא נוכל להרחיב את הדיבור ולהסביר את טעמי דין זה.

הכזית השני

לאחר מכן כשמגיע ל”כורך”, לוקח “כזית” מן המצה השלישית שבקערת ליל הסדר, וכורכה עם כזית מרור (חסה), וטובלה בחרוסת ואומר: “זכר למקדש כהלל”, ואוכלם ביחד בהסיבה. (כלומר, כשהוא מוטה על צד שמאל). נמצא שעד כאן אוכל בעל הבית שלש פעמים שיעור כזית, ושאר בני הבית אוכלים עד כאן שני שיעורים של כזית.

הכזית השלישי

כשמגיע בסעודתו ל”צפון”, לאחר גמר כל הסעודה, אוכלים מן המצה השמורה אצל אחד המסובים ל”אפיקומן”. ובעל הבית אוכל מאותה המצה שיעור “כזית” נוסף. (ולשאר בני הבית נותן ממצה אחרת שאיתו ומצרף להם מעט מן המצה שהיתה מוכנה מראש לאפיקומן). וגם מצה זו צריך שיאכלה בהיסבה, וצריך להזהר מאד לאכלה בהסיבה, שאם לא אכלה בהסיבה, לא יצא ידי חובתו ויצטרך לאכול כזית נוספת, ועלולה אכילתו להיות אכילה גסה, שגם באכילה כזו אינו יוצא ידי חובתו כפי שביארנו כבר.

ויש מחמירים לאכול כ”צפון” כשיעור שני זיתים, אחד זכר לקרבן פסח ואחד זכר למצה שהיו אוכלים עם קרבן פסח. נמצא שבעל הבית עד כאן אכל חמישה שיעורי כזית אם הוא מחמיר על עצמו, ואם לאו אינו אוכל אלא שיעור ארבע זיתים. ושאר בני הבית אוכלים ארבע זיתים אם הם מחמירים על עצמם, ואם לאו, אינם אוכלים אלא שיעור של שלשה זיתים.

ולסיכום: ב”מוציא מצה” אוכל בעל הבית שיעור כשני זיתים של מצה. ושאר בני הבית שאינם אוכלים מן המצה של בעל הבית אוכלים כזית אחת. וב”כורך” אוכל כל אחד כזית מצה. ומ”צפון” אוכל כל אחד כזית אחד, ויש מחמירים לאכול שיעור של שני זיתים מצה.

Question: How many “Kezayit”s (olive’s volume) of Matzah must one consume during the Pesach Seder?

Answer: One is obligated to eat altogether three “Kezayit”s of Matzah during the Pesach Seder. Every Kezayit amounts to approx. 30 grams of Matzah. Nevertheless, there is room for stringency to eat four or even five “Kezayit”s of Matzah, as we shall now explain.

The Order of the Seder Night
The order for the night of Pesach established by the great and holy Rashi, which we have already discussed, is as follows: Kadesh, Urchatz, Karpas, Yachatz, Magid, Rochtza, Motzi, Matzah, Maror, Korech, Shulchan Orech, Tzafun, Barech, Hallel, Nirtzah.

Three Matzot are placed on top of the Seder plate. Upon reaching the part of the Seder entitled, “Yachatz,” the head of the household takes the middle Matzah and splits it into two pieces. He keeps the smaller of the two pieces and the larger of the two pieces is kept for the “Afikomen.”

The First Kezayit
Upon reaching the part of the Seder entitled, “Motzi-Matzah”, the head of the household takes the three Matzot already prepared on the Seder plate. The top and bottom Matzot are whole and the middle Matzah is the one which was broken in half during “Yachatz.” He holds these Matzot in his hands and proceeds to recite the blessing of “Hamotzi Lechem Min Ha’aretz” followed by the blessing of “Al Achilat Matzah.” It is customary that after one recites the blessing of “Hamotzi,” one lets go of the bottom Matzah and continues to recite “Al Achilat Matzah” while holding only the top whole Matzah and the middle split Matzah. The head of the household must then eat a Kezayit of each Matzah.

 Thus far, the head of the household will have already eaten two “Kezayit”s during this part of the Seder. However, the other members of the household, who do not have enough to eat two “Kezayit”s from the Matzot of the head of the household should be given a small piece of the head of the household’s Matzah and he will then supplement that with other Matzot that he has until it reaches the amount of a Kezayit. Regarding the members of the household who do not eat a Kezayit from the head of the household’s Matzot, they do not need to be eating two “Kezayit”s; rather, one Kezayit is sufficient according to all opinions. It turns out that the other members of the household (excluding the head of the household) are only eating one Kezayit at this point in the Seder. Even if the head of the household, for whatever reason, did not eat his allotted two “Kezayit”s and has only eaten one Kezayit, he has fulfilled his obligation. Due to time constraints, we will not be able to elaborate on the reasons behind this law any further.

The Second Kezayit
Afterwards, upon reaching the part of the Seder entitled, “Korech,” one takes a Kezayit from the third Matzah on the Seder plate and wraps a Kezayit of Maror in it and then he dips it in Charoset, after which one recites, “Zecher La’Mikdash Ke’Hillel,” and then eats this while leaning on one’s left side. At this point, the head of the household has eaten three “Kezayit”s of Matzah and the rest of the members of the household have eaten only two “Kezayit”s.

The Third Kezayit
Upon reaching the part of the Seder entitled, “Tzafun,” which is after concluding the festive meal, the Matzah hidden under the tablecloth is eaten as the “Afikomen” and another Kezayit must be eaten from this Matzah. (For the other family members, the Seder leader hands out other Matzot in addition to a small piece of the designated “Afikomen” Matzah.) One must be very careful to eat this Matzah while leaning as well, for if one did not, one has not fulfilled one’s obligation and will need to eat another Kezayit of Matzah while leaning. This may very well lead to a point of excessive eating which can also be a cause of not fulfilling this Mitzvah, as we have already explained.

Some act stringently and eat two “Kezayit”s during “Tzafun,” one in commemoration of the Pesach offering and one in commemoration of the Matzah that was eaten with it. At this point, the head of the household will have eaten five “Kezayit”s of Matzah if he acts more stringently, and if not, he will only haven eaten four. The other members of the household will have eaten four “Kezayit”s if they act more stringently, and if they not, they will have only eaten three.