For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****

Q & A on Parashat Behar Bechukotai

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated.

Behar

1. Why does the Torah specify that the laws of shemita were taught on Har Sinai?
   25:1 – To teach us that just as shemita was taught in detail on Har Sinai, so too, all the mitzvot were taught in detail on Har Sinai.
2. If one possesses shemita food after it is no longer available in the field, what must he do with it?
   25:7 – Remove it from his property and declare it ownerless.
3. The Torah commands, "You shall sanctify the fiftieth year." How is this done?
   25:10 – At the beginning of the year the Beit Din declares, "This year is kadosh (sanctified)."
4. Which two "returns" are announced by the shofar during yovel?
   25:10 – The return of the land to its original owner, and the "return" (freedom) of the slave from slavery.
5. From where does the yovel year get its name?
   25:10 – From the sounding of the shofar. A ram's horn is called a yovel.
6. What prohibitions are derived from the verse "v'lo tonu ish et amito — a person shall not afflict his fellow"?
   25:17 – One may not intentionally hurt people's feelings, nor give bad advice while secretly intending to reap benefit.
7. What is the punishment for neglecting the laws of shemita?
   25:18 – Exile.
8. If shemita is observed properly, how long is the crop of the sixth year guaranteed to last?
   25:21,22 – From Nissan of the sixth year until Sukkot of the ninth year.
9. After selling an ancestral field, when can one redeem it?
   25:24 – After two years following the sale, until yovel. At the beginning of yovel it returns to the family automatically.
10. Under what circumstance may one sell ancestral land?
    25:25 – Only if one becomes impoverished.
11. If a home in a walled city is sold, when can it be redeemed?
    25:29 – Only within the first year after the sale. Afterwards, even in yovel, it does not return.
12. What does the word "days" mean in this week's Parsha?
    25:29 – The days of an entire year.
13. What is considered a walled city?
    25:29 – A city that has been surrounded by a wall since the time of Yehoshua.
14. Why does the Torah say in 26:46 "Torot" (plural) and not "Torah" (singular)?
    25:35 – A non-Jew who lives in Eretz Yisrael and accepts upon himself not to worship idols.
15. To what is one who leaves Eretz Yisrael compared?
    25:38 – To one who worships idols.
16. If a person says "The leg of this animal shall be an olah offering" the animal is sold and sacrificed as an olah offering. What is the status of the money received for the animal?
    25:38 – The prohibition against taking interest is accompanied by the phrase, "I am Hashem your G-d who took you out of Egypt." Rashi explains that just as Hashem discerned in Egypt between those who were firstborn and those who were not, so too will Hashem discern and punish those who lend with interest, pretending they are acting on behalf of others.
17. List three prohibitions which demonstrate the dignity with which one must treat a Jewish indentured servant.
    25:39-43 –
    1.Do not make him perform humiliating tasks
    2.Do not sell him publicly
    3.Do not make him perform unnecessary jobs
18. Who supports the family of the Jewish indentured servant during his years of servitude?
    25:41 – His master.
19. If a Jew is sold as a servant to a non-Jew, does he go free after six years?
    25:54 – No. If he is not redeemed with money, he must wait until the yovel to go free.
20. Where is it permitted to prostrate oneself on a stone floor?
    26:1 – In the Mikdash.

Bechukotai

1. To what do the words "bechukotai telechu" (walk in My statutes) refer?
   26:3 – Laboring in Torah learning.
2. When is rain "in its season?"
   26:4 – At times when people are not outside (e.g., Shabbat nights).
3. What is the blessing of "v'achaltem lachmechem l'sova" (and you shall eat your bread to satisfaction)?
   26:5 – You will only require a little bread to be completely satisfied.
4. What is meant by the verse "and a sword will not pass through your land"?
   26:6 – No foreign army will travel through your land on their way to a different country.
5. Mathematically, if five Jewish soldiers can defeat 100 enemy soldiers, how many enemy soldiers should 100 Jewish soldiers be able to defeat?
   26:4 – Two thousand.
6. How much is "revava"?
   26:4 – Ten thousand.
7. Which "progression" of seven transgressions are taught in Chapter 26, and why in that particular order?
   26:14,15 – Not studying Torah, not observing mitzvot, rejecting those who observe mitzvot, hating Sages, preventing others from observing mitzvot, denying that G-d gave the mitzvot, denying the existence of G-d. They are listed in this order because each transgression leads to the next.
8. What is one benefit which the Jewish People derive from the Land of Israel's state of ruin?
   26:32 – No enemy nation will be able to settle in the Land of Israel.
9. What was the duration of the Babylonian exile and why that particular number?
   26:35 – 70 years. Because the Jewish People violated 70 shemita and yovel years.
10. How many years did the Jewish People sin in Israel up till the time the northern tribes were exiled?
    26:35 – 390 years.
11. In verse 26:42, the name Yaakov is written with an extra "vav." From whom did Yaakov receive this extra letter and why?
    26:42 – In five places in the Torah, Yaakov's name is written with an extra "vav" and in five places the name Eliyahu is missing a "vav." Yaakov "took" these vavs as a pledge that Eliyahu will one day come and announce the redemption of Yaakov's children.
12. What positive element is implied by the words "and I will bring them into the land of their enemies?"
    26:41 – G-d Himself, so to speak, will bring them into their enemies' land. This means that even when the Jews are in exile, G-d will supply them with leaders who inspire them to keep the Torah. This guards the Jews from assimilating into the host culture.
13. In verse 26:42, why is the word "remember" not used in connection with the name of Yitzchak?
    26:42 – Because the image of Yitzchak's ashes (who was prepared to be brought as an offering) upon the altar is always before G-d.
14. Why does the Torah say in 26:46 "Torot" (plural) and not "Torah" (singular)?
    26:46 – To teach that both the Written Torah and the Oral Torah were given to Moshe on Har Sinai.
15. What happens when a poor person dedicates the value of a man to the Beit Hamikdash and doesn't have sufficient funds to fulfill his vow?
    27:8 – The person whose value was donated goes before the kohen, who sets the obligation according to the poor person's ability to pay.
16. If a person says "The leg of this animal shall be an olah offering" the animal is sold and sacrificed as an olah offering. What is the status of the money received for the animal?
    27:9 – The money is "chullin," meaning it does not have "holy" status, except for the value of the animal's leg which does have "holy" status.
17. If a person dedicates his ancestral field to the Beit Hamikdash and fails to redeem it before yovel what happens to the field?
    27:16 – It becomes the property of the kohanim who are on rotation at the beginning of yovel.
18. Where must "ma'aser sheini" be eaten?
    27:30 – In Jerusalem.
19. When a person redeems "ma'aser sheini" what happens to the food? What happens to the redemption money?
    27:31 – The food becomes permissible to him outside of Jerusalem. The redemption money must be brought to Jerusalem and used to purchase food to be eaten there.
20. How does a person tithe his animals?
    27:32 – He passes them through a door individually and every tenth animal he marks with a rod smeared with red dye.

Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l    

לפום צערא
אגרא

שנינו בפרקי אבות (פרק ה משנה כב): "בן הא
הא (שם של חכם שהיה מן התנאים) אומר:
"לפום צערא אגרא".
כלומר, לפי גודל הצער – השכר. שבעולם הבא, כששוקלים את מעשי האדם, לדעת מהו השכר
המגיע לו, לא שוקלים את הדברים אך ורק לפי חשיבות המצוה, שאם היא מצוה גדולה, יקבל
שכר גדול, ואם היא מצוה "קטנה" יקבל שכר מועט, אלא שוקלים את כל הטורח
שהיה לאדם בכל מצוה ומצוה, שאם התגבר הרבה בכדי לכבוש את יצרו, יקבל שכר גדול על
מעשיו, ואם טרחתו היתה מועטת, גם שכרו מועט יותר.

מעשה ביהודי סוחר, שנסע בעגלה למסחרו, ובהיותו בדרך,
השמים התקדרו בעבים, וירד שלג כבד,
והאיש תעה מדרך השכל, כי המסילה
כוסתה בשלג, ואבד ממנו מנוס עד שעה מאוחרת בלילה.

הרגיש האיש בעצמו שהוא עומד לקפוא מקור, החליט
לעזוב את העגלה, וצעד ברגל שעה ארוכה עד שראה אור נוצץ, והגיע לשם כל עוד נפשו בו.
וזה היה ביתו של הרב, שישב באותה שעה ושקד על תלמודו לפני האח המבוערת. וכשדפק
האיש על דלתו של הרב,
מיהר הרב, קם ממקומו, וסידר עבורו
שמיכות חמות, ומשקה מהביל, והשיב את רוחו.

בבוקר, כשקמו איש לדרכו, שאל האיש את הרב, אדוני
הרב, עינך הרואות את גודל צערי ועמלי בעולם הזה בכדי להביא טרף לביתי, מה עם העולם
הבא שלי, לכל הפחות יהיה לי עולם הבא?

ענה לו הרב, מה תדבר?, אם
העולם הזה שאינו אלא כפרוזדור לפני העולם הבא, שהוא פלטרין של מלך, ואפילו כך אינך
מצליח להשיג לך שלוה עם כל הזמן שאתה משקיע למענו, קל וחומר העולם הבא, שאם
לא יטרח האדם בערב שבת, מה יאכל בשבת? וכי עולם הבא הוא הפקר? עליך לעמול, לקנות
תורה ומצות ומעשים טובים, ואז תקנה לך עולם הבא, כמו שאמרו, "קנה לו דברי
תורה, קנה לו חיי עולם הבא".

וכן מובא במדרש, מעשה ברבי שמעון בן לקיש, שהיה
יושב ועמל כל היום כולו בתורה במערה אחת בטבריה. והיה סוחר כדים אחד, שהיה דואג
בכל יום להכין כד אחד מלא מים לרבי שמעון בן לקיש, בכדי שיהיה לו במה ליטול את
ידיו ולשתות.

יום אחד, ישב עם רבי שמעון ואמר לו, רבי, הזוכר
אתה שהיינו אני ואתה הולכים לבית ספר אחד?, כלומר, הלא אנו חברי ילדות, האם זוכר
אתה?, הוסיף אותו סוחר ואמר לרבי שמעון, אתה זכית להיות חכם בתורה, ואני לא זכיתי,
התפלל עלי שיהיה חלקי עמך לחיי העולם הבא. אמר לו רבי שמעון בן לקיש, ומה אתפלל
עליך? הרי תבא לעולם הבא עם בני אומנותך, שכל איש ואיש אין מושיבין אותו לעולם הבא
אלא עם בני אומנותו.

כלומר, לא תועיל ברכת רבי שמעון בן לקיש, על אדם
שאינו טורח לזכות בחיי העולם הבא,
ומי שכל טרחתו היתה במסחר בכדים,
אף אם כל עסקו היה ביושר ובאמונה, לא ישב לעולם הבא, אלא עם סוחרי כדים כמוהו,
שהיה מסחרם באמונה, אבל לא היו אלא סוחרי כדים.

וממעשיות אלו יש ללמוד מוסר השכל בפרט בזמנינו,
שכל אדם ואדם טורח כל היום כולו בפרנסתו ובהשגת כל עניני העולם הזה, ורק אחרי
עשרות בשנים, כשכבר תש כחו, הוא מתפנה מעסקיו, ורואה כי כילה ימיו לריק, ועתה אין
לו קנין רוחני, והוא לומד ומקיים מצות ברמה נמוכה, כילד בבית הספר. ולכן כל אדם
צריך להתעורר משנתו,
ולהיות חרוץ במלאכתו, מלאכת שמים,
להזהר להתמיד בעלייה בעבודת ה', בקיום המצות ובקביעת עתים לתורה וללימוד ההלכה,
ובשכר זאת אל חי נעלם, יתן שכרו מושלם, לזכות לחיי העולם הבא, עם שאר נפשות
הצדיקים והחסידים.

Reward Depends on Suffering

Our Sages teach us in Pirkei Avot (Chapter 5, Mishnah
22): “Ben Heh Heh (the name of one of the Tannaic Sages) says: Based on how
much one suffers is one rewarded.” In the World to Come, when one’s actions are
scrutinized to determine how much reward one deserves, one’s actions are not
only weighed based on the importance of the Mitzvah, i.e. if it is a great
Mitzvah one will receive great reward and if it is a “small” Mitzvah one will
receive less reward; rather, the difficulty one endured while performing every
single Mitzvah is weighed so that if one needed to garner much inner-strength
in order to overcome one’s evil inclination, one’s reward will be great whereas
if one troubled himself only minimally, one’s reward will also be minimal.

A story is recounted about a certain Jewish businessman
who was once travelling by wagon to do business. While on the way, the sky
darkened and a heavy snow fell causing this man to lose his way, for the road
was completely covered with snow; he traveled off the beaten path until it was
finally very late at night.

The man felt as though he was beginning to become
frostbitten so he decided to leave his wagon and he started trekking by foot
for many long hours until he saw some light in the distance and when he arrived
at this house, he was barely alive. This happened to have been the house of the
rabbi who was up late at night studying Torah by candlelight. When the rabbi
heard the knock at the door, he quickly let the man in and prepared him warm
blankets and a steaming beverage to restore him to health.

In the morning when the men were about to part ways, the
businessman turned to the rabbi and told him, “Honored rabbi, you can clearly
see how much suffering I must endure in order to sustain my family, what shall
be with my share in the World to Come? Will I have a share in it?”

The rabbi answered, “What do you mean? If in this world,
which is considered only the entrance hall before the World to Come which is
considered the King’s palace you have difficulty attaining peace and
tranquility with all of the efforts you invest in it, how much more so
regarding the World to Come, if one does not prepare on Erev Shabbat, what
shall one eat on Shabbat? Do you think that the World to Come is a free ride?
You must toil to acquire Torah, Mitzvot, and good deeds in order to secure your
place in the World to Come, as our Sages taught, ‘If one has acquired Torah, he
has acquired himself eternal life.’”

A similar concept is brought down by the Midrash that
Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish would sit and toil in Torah all day long in a certain
cave in Teveria (Tiberias). There was a certain jug merchant who would make
sure to prepare a jug of water for Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish every day so that he
would be able to purify his hands and drink.

Once, this merchant sat with Rabbi Shimon at which point
he asked him, “Rabbi, do you remember that we were childhood friends and we
even studied in the same school? While you have merited becoming an outstanding
Torah scholar, I have not. Please pray for me that I should share in your share
in the World to Come!” Rabbi Shimon replied, “How can I pray for you? Your
share in the World to Come will be with members of your own trade, for in the
World to Come, every person is seated with the other members of his own trade,”
meaning that the blessing of Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish would not help someone who
did not strive to acquire himself a great share in the World to Come. Even one
who is a jug merchant and whose business is run with integrity and honesty will
only merit sitting in the World to Come with other honest jug merchants, but
jug merchants nonetheless.

From the above incidents one can learn an important
lesson, especially for our days, in that every person struggles every day to
earn a living and reach other materialistic goals and only after a few decades,
when one is already old and weak, does one free himself from his prior
dealings, at which point he realizes that all of his materialistic pursuits
were for naught and he is devoid of any spiritual assets and his Torah learning
and Mitzvot observance are at a low level, like a schoolboy. Thus, every person
must arouse himself from his slumber and work diligently in the work of Heaven
and always be certain to ascend in levels of service of Hashem through
fulfilling the Mitzvot and setting established times for Torah study
(especially Halacha). In this merit, Hashem will reward one handsomely and
grant one a generous share in the World to Come together with all of the
righteous and pious souls of Israel.

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Thank you, Hatzlacha & all the best

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Thank you, Hatzlacha & all the best

Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l    

המנהג לפתוח את כפות הידיים לרווחה בשעה שאומרים פסוק "פותח את ידיך"

The Custom of Spreading One’s Palms Wide Open While Reciting the Verse “Pote’ach Et Yadecha”

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Please send us any announcement you would like to make through our e-mail before Wednesday morning, if possible, unless there is a Yom Tob. Exceptions will be made for late entries

Be advised that we will only announce your simcha when you give us permission to do so

If you no longer wish to receive further emails from moorlanenews please reply with the word "unsubscribe".

Thank you, Hatzlacha & all the best

Please feel free to ask us any questions or requests you may need through this e-mail. We will get back to you, bli neder, asap.

Please send us any announcement you would like to make through our e-mail before Wednesday morning, if possible, unless there is a Yom Tob. Exceptions will be made for late entries

Be advised that we will only announce your simcha when you give us permission to do so

If you no longer wish to receive further emails from moorlanenews please reply with the word "unsubscribe".

Thank you, Hatzlacha & all the best

  For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****

Q & A on Parashat Tazria Metzora

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated.

Tazria

1. When does a woman who has given birth to a son go to the mikveh?
   12:2 – At the end of seven days.
2. After a woman gives birth, she is required to offer two types of offerings. Which are they?
   12:6 – An olah and a chatat.
3. What animal does the woman offer as a chatat?
   12:6 – A tor (turtle dove) or a ben yona (young pigeon).
4. Which of these offerings makes her tahor (ritual purity)?
   12:7 – The chatat.
5. Which of the sacrifices does the woman offer first, the olah or the chatat?
   12:8 – The chatat.
6. Who determines whether a person is a metzora tamei (person with ritually impure tzara'at) or is tahor?
   13:2 – A kohen.
7. If the kohen sees that the tzara'at has spread after one week, how does he rule?
   13:5 – The person is tamei.
8. What disqualifies a kohen from being able to give a ruling in a case of tzara'at?
   13:12 – Poor vision.
9. Why is the appearance of tzara'at on the tip of one of the 24 "limbs" that project from the body usually unable to be examined?
   13:14 – The tzara'at as a whole must be seen at one time. Since these parts are angular, they cannot be seen at one time.
10. On which days is a kohen not permitted to give a ruling on tzara'at?
    13:14 – During the festivals; and ruling on a groom during the seven days of feasting after the marriage.
11. In areas of the body where collections of hair grow (e.g., the head or beard), what color hair is indicative of ritual impurity?
    13:29 – Golden.
12. In areas of the body where collections of hair grow, what color hair is indicative of purity?
    13:37 – Any color other than golden.
13. If the kohen intentionally or unintentionally pronounces a tamei person "tahor," what is that person's status?
    13:37 – He remains tamei.
14. What signs of mourning must a metzora display?
    13:45 – He must tear his garments, let his hair grow wild, and cover his lips with his garment.
15. Why must a metzora call out, "Tamei! Tamei! "?
    13:45 – So people will know to keep away from him.
16. Where must a metzora dwell?
    13:46 – Outside the camp in isolation.
17. Why is a metzora commanded to dwell in isolation?
    13:46 – Since tzara'at is a punishment for lashon hara (evil speech), which creates a rift between people, the Torah punishes measure for measure by placing a division between him and others.
18. What sign denotes tzara'at in a garment?
    13:49 – A dark green or dark red discoloration.
19. What must be done to a garment that has tzara'at?
    13:52 – It must be burned
20. If after washing a garment the signs of tzara'at disappear entirely, how is the garment purified?
    13:58 – Through immersion in a mikveh.

Metzora

1. When may a metzora not be pronounced tahor?
   14:2 – At night.
2. In the midbar, where did a metzora dwell while he was tamei?
   14:3 – Outside the three camps.
3. Why does the metzora require birds in the purification process?
   14:4 – Tzara'at comes as a punishment for lashon hara. Therefore, the Torah requires the metzora to offer birds, who chatter constantly, to atone for his sin of chattering.
4. In the purification process of a metzora, what does the cedar wood symbolize?
   14:4 – The cedar is a lofty tree. It alludes to the fact that tzara'at comes as a punishment for haughtiness.
5. During the purification process, the metzora is required to shave his hair. Which hair must he shave?
   14:9 – Any visible collection of hair on the body.
6. What is unique about the chatat and the asham offered by the metzora?
   14:10 – They require n'sachim (drink offerings).
7. In the Beit Hamikdash, when the metzora was presented "before G-d" (14:11), where did he stand?
   14:11 – At the gate of Nikanor.
8. Where was the asham of the metzora slaughtered?
   14:13 – On the northern side of the mizbe'ach.
9. How was having tzara'at in one's house sometimes advantageous?
   14:34 – The Amorites concealed treasures in the walls of their houses. After the conquest of the Land, tzara'at would afflict these houses. The Jewish owner would tear down the house and find the treasures.
10. When a house is suspected as having tzara'at, what is its status prior to the inspection by a kohen?
    14:36 – It is tahor.
11. What happens to the vessels that are in a house found to have tzara'at?
    14:36 – They become tamei.
12. Which type of vessels cannot be made tahor after they become tamei?
    14:36 – Earthenware vessels.
13. Where were stones afflicted with tzara'at discarded?
    14:40 – In places where tahor objects were not handled
14. When a house is suspected of having tzara'at, a kohen commands that the affected stones be replaced and the house plastered. What is the law if the tzara'at:
    1. returns and spreads;
    2. does not return;
    3. returns, but does not spread?
    1. 14:44-45 – It is called "tzara'at mam'eret," and the house must be demolished;
    2. 14:48 – the house is pronounced tahor;
    3. 14:44 – The house must be demolished.
15. When a person enters a house that has tzara'at, when do his clothes become tamei?
    14:46 – When he remains in the house long enough to eat a small meal.
16. What is the status of a man who is zav (sees a flow):
    1. two times or two consecutive days;
    2. three times or three consecutive days?

    15:2 –

    1. He is tamei;
    2. he is tamei and is also required to bring a korban.
17. A zav sat or slept on the following:
    1. a bed;
    2. a plank;
    3. a chair;
    4. a rock.

    If a tahor person touches these things what is his status?

    15:4-5 – Only a type of object that one usually lies or sits upon becomes a transmitter of tumah when a zav sits or lies on it. A tahor person who subsequently touches the object becomes tamei and the clothes he is wearing are also tmei'im. Therefore:

    1. tamei;
    2. tahor;
    3. tamei;
    4. tahor.
18. What does the Torah mean when it refers to a zav who "has not washed his hands"?
    15:11 – One who has not immersed in a mikveh.
19. When may a zav immerse in a mikveh to purify himself?
    15:13 – After seven consecutive days without a flow.
20. What is the status of someone who experiences a one-time flow?
    15:32 – He is tamei until evening.

Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l    

דין המסופק אם ספר ספירת העומר

ביארנו
כבר, כי מי ששכח לספור יום אחד ספירת העומר,
אינו רשאי לברך שוב על ספירתו בימים הבאים. וטעם הדבר, לפי שנחלקו רבותינו
הראשונים, אם מצות ספירת העומר היא מצוה אחת ארוכה הנמשכת במשך ארבעים ותשעה ימי
העומר, או שמא ספירת העומר בכל יום ויום היא מצוה בפני עצמה. שאם נאמר שבכל יום
ויום הספירה היא מצוה בפני עצמה, הרי שאז, גם מי שלא ספר יום אחד, יוכל להמשיך
בספירתו, שהרי
בכל יום הספירה היא מצוה בפני עצמה, ואין שייכות בין הספירה של ליל אמש לספירה של
היום. וכשם שמי שלא הניח תפילין (ח"ו) יום אחד, בודאי שעליו להניח תפילין
ביום שלמחרתו, כי אין שייכות כלל בין העדר הנחת התפילין יום אחד, להמשך קיום המצוה
בימים הבאים. מה שאין כן אילו נאמר שמצות ספירת העומר היא מצוה אחת ארוכה, שאז, מי
ששכח לספור את העומר יום אחד, לא יוכל להמשיך עוד בספירת העומר, שהרי מרגע שאיבד
את הספירה יום אחד, הפסיד את המצוה בשלמותה, ואינו סופר עוד. וזו היא שיטת בעל
הלכות גדולות, הסובר שמי שלא ספר ספירת העומר יום אחד, אינו ממשיך בספירתו בימים
הבאים.

ולענין הלכה,
מכיון שדעת רוב רבותינו הראשונים אינה כדעת בעל הלכות גדולות, לכן מי ששכח לספור
ספירת העומר יום אחד, חייב להמשיך ולספור את העומר בימים הבאים. אולם מכיון שאיסור
ברכה לבטלה הוא חמור מאד, שיש בו הזכרת שם שמים לשוא, לכן אנו נוקטים להלכה,
שלענין ברכת "על ספירת העומר", יש לחוש לדעת בעל הלכות גדולות, ומי ששכח
לספור את העומר יום אחד, אינו ממשיך לברך בכל יום על הספירה, אלא הוא סופר בלא
ברכה, וכפי הכלל הגדול שבידינו, "ספק ברכות להקל".

ומעתה לנדון
שלנו, מאחר שנתבאר שאנו חוששים לענין הברכה לדעתו של בעל הלכות גדולות, לכאורה היה
נראה שאדם המסתפק אם ספר ספירת העומר (או שהוא מסופק אם ספר בצורה נכונה וכיוצא
בזה, וכגון אדם שהתפלל ביחידות, וכעת הוא מסופק אם ספר נכון), אף על פי שימשיך
לספור את העומר בכל יום, מכל מקום אינו רשאי לברך על הספירה, שהרי יש לנו לחוש
לדעת בעל הלכות גדולות, שמי ששכח יום אחד, אינו ממשיך לספור את העומר.

אולם לענין
הלכה, אין הדין כן, כי רק באופן שאדם יודע בודאות ששכח לספור את העומר, אז יש לנו
לחוש לדעתו של בעל הלכות גדולות, ולכן אינו ממשיך לספור "בברכה", אך
אם אין הדבר ודאי, רק ספק, אין לחוש באופן כזה לשיטת בעל הלכות גדולות, שהרי בלאו
הכי רוב הראשונים לא פסקו כמותו. ולכן העיקר להלכה, שמי שמסתפק אם ספר את העומר
בליל אמש, ממשיך לספור את העומר בברכה.

ולסיכום: המסופק אם ספר בליל אמש ספירת העומר, ממשיך לספור
בימים הבאים בברכה. ורק אם ידוע לו בודאות שלא ספר לילה אחד, או שספר בצורה
שגוייה, שוב לא יברך על ספירתו

One who is in Doubt Whether or Not He Counted the Omer

We
have already explained that one who has forgotten to count the Omer
one day during the counting period may no longer count with a blessing on the
subsequent days. The reason for this is because the Rishonim disagree as to
whether the Mitzvah of counting the Omer is one long Mitzvah that spans along
forty-nine days or every day of counting the Omer possesses its own Mitzvah. If
we were to say that every day of counting possesses its own separate Mitzvah,
even if one were to forget one full day of counting, he would still be able to
continue counting the following night, for every day of counting is its own
Mitzvah and there is no correlation between today's counting and yesterday's.
Similarly, if one were to, G-d forbid, not don Tefillin one day, he would
surely still be obligated to don then the next day, for there is no connection
between today's lack of donning Tefillin and continuing to fulfill this Mitzvah
on subsequent days. However, if we say that the Mitzvah of counting the Omer is
one long Mitzvah, if one forgets to count one day, he may no longer continue
counting, for the moment he misses the counting of that specific day, he has
lost the opportunity to fulfill the Mitzvah in its completion, and he no longer
counts. This is indeed the opinion of the Ba'al Halachot Gedolot who holds that
if one missed counting one day of the Omer, he no longer counts on subsequent
days.

Halachically speaking, however, since most Rishonim disagree with the position
of the Ba'al Halachot Gedolot, if one forgets to count one day of the Omer, he
does indeed continue to count on the subsequent nights. Nevertheless, since the
prohibition of reciting a blessing in vain is very severe as it entails
uttering Hashem's name in vain, we thus hold that regarding the blessing of
"Al Sefirat Ha'Omer," the opinion of the Ba'al Halachot Gedolot must
be taken into consideration and one who has forgotten to count one day of the
Omer does not continue to recite the blessing upon counting on subsequent
nights; rather, he continues to count without reciting a blessing beforehand,
as per the rule of, "When in doubt, do not bless".

Regarding our scenario, since we have just established that regarding the
blessing we are concerned about the opinion of the Ba'al Halachot Gedolot, it
would seem that if one is in doubt whether he counted the Omer or not (or if he
is in doubt if he counted correctly, for instance, if one prayed alone, not
with a Minyan, and is now uncertain if he counted the correct number), although
he would continue to count on subsequent nights, he would nevertheless not be
allowed to recite a blessing upon counting, for we must consider the opinion of
the Ba'al Halachot Gedolot who holds that when one forgets to count one day, he
does not continue to count the Omer.

However, halachically speaking, this is not so, for only if one is certain that
he has forgotten to count one day do we say that he needs to be concerned about
the opinion of the Ba'al Halachot Gedolot, and should continue counting without
reciting a blessing. However, if one is uncertain whether he counted or not, he
need not be concerned about the opinion of the Ba'al Halachot Gedolot, for in
any case, most Rishonim disagree with his opinion. Therefore, the Halacha
follows that if one is uncertain whether he counted the Omer on the previous
night or not, he will indeed continue to count the Omer on subsequent nights
with a blessing.

Summary: If one is uncertain whether or not he counted the Omer on the
previous night, he does continue counting on subsequent nights with a blessing.
Only if one is certain that he has forgotten to count one night, or that he has
counted incorrectly, will he no longer recite a blessing upon counting on
subsequent nights

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Thank you, Hatzlacha & all the best

      For
those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal,
candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and
Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest
candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all
cases.

*****

Q & A on Parashat Shemini 

1. What date was "yom hashemini"?
   9:1 – First of Nissan.
2. Which of Aharon's korbanot atoned for the Golden Calf?
   9:2 – The calf offered as a korban chatat.
3. What korbanot did Aharon offer for the Jewish People?
   9:3,4 – A he-goat as a chatat, a calf and a lamb for an olah, an ox and a ram for shelamim, and a mincha.
4. What was unique about the chatat offered during the induction of the Mishkan?
   9:11 – It's the only example of a chatat offered on the courtyard mizbe'ach that was burned.
5. When did Aharon bless the people with the birkat kohanim?
   9:22 – When he finished offering the korbanot, before descending from the mizbe'ach.
   
6. Why did Moshe go into the Ohel Mo'ed with Aharon?
   9:23 – For one of two reasons: Either to teach Aharon about the service of the incense, or to pray for the Shechina to dwell with Israel.
   
7. Why did Nadav and Avihu die?
   10:2 – Rashi offers two reasons: Either because they gave a halachic ruling in Moshe's presence, or because they entered the Mishkan after drinking intoxicating wine.
   
8. Aharon quietly accepted his sons' death. What reward did he receive for this?
   10:3 – A portion of the Torah was given solely through Aharon.
   
9. What prohibitions apply to a person who is intoxicated?
   10:9-11 – He may not give a halachic ruling. Also, a kohen is forbidden to enter the Ohel Mo'ed, approach the mizbe'ach, or perform the avoda.
   
10. Name the three chatat goat offerings that were sacrificed on the day of the inauguration of the Mishkan.
    10:16 – The goat offerings of the inauguration ceremony, of Rosh Chodesh, and of Nachshon ben Aminadav.
    
11. Which he-goat chatat did Aharon burn completely and why?
    10:16 – The Rosh Chodesh chatat: Either because it became tamei, or because the kohanim were forbidden to eat from it while in the state of aninut (mourning).
    
12. Why did Moshe direct his harsh words at Aharon's sons?
    10:16 – Out of respect for Aharon, Moshe directed his anger at his sons and not directly at Aharon.
    
13. Moshe was upset that Aharon and his sons did not eat the chatat. Why?
    10:17 – Because only when the kohanim eat the chatat are the sins of the owners atoned.
    
14. Why did G-d choose Moshe, Aharon, Elazar, and Itamar as His messengers to tell the Jewish People the laws of kashrut?
    11:2 – Because they accepted the deaths of Nadav and Avihu in silence.
    
15. What are the signs of a kosher land animal?
    11:3 – An animal whose hooves are completely split and who chews its cud.
    
16. How many non-kosher animals display only one sign of kashrut? What are they?
    11:4,5,6,7 – Four: Camel, shafan, hare, and pig.
    
17. If a fish sheds its fins and scales when out of the water, is it kosher?
    11:12 – Yes.
    
18. Why is a stork called chasida in Hebrew?
    11:19 – Because it acts with chesed (kindness) toward other storks.
    
19. The chagav is a kosher insect. Why don't we eat it?
    11:21 – We have lost the tradition and are not able to identify the kosher chagav.
    
20. What requirements must be met in order for water to maintain its status of purity?
    11:36 – It must be connected to the ground (i.e., a spring or a cistern).

מצות ספירת העומר

כתוב בתורה (ויקרא כא טו):
וספרתם לכם ממחרת השבת מיום הביאכם את עומר התנופה שבע שבתות תמימות תהיינה. וקבלו
חז"ל (במסכת מנחות דף סה:) שפירוש "ממחרת השבת" הוא מחרת יום טוב
הראשון של פסח שהוא יום שבתון (ואליו הכוונה במילים "ממחרת השבת", ממחרת ליום
ראשון של פסח שהוא יום שבתון, לכן מיד במוצאי יום טוב ראשון של פסח אחרי תפילת
ערבית מתחילים לספור ספירת העומר). ומצות עשה מן התורה לספור ספירת העומר החל מליל
ט"ז בניסן עד גמר שבעה שבועות שהם ארבעים ותשעה ימים.

ומכל
מקום הואיל ונאמר (דברים טז ט): שבעה שבועות תספר לך "מהחל חרמש בקמה"
תחל לספור שבעה שבועות, דהיינו משעת קצירת העומר, ובזמן הזה שבית המקדש חרב אין
לנו קצירת העומר ולא קרבן העומר, לכן אין מצות ספירת העומר בזמן הזה אלא מדברי
סופרים זכר למקדש. ולכן בנוסח "לשם יחוד" שנוהגים לומר קודם ספירת העומר נכון להשמיט
ממנו מה שאומרים "כמו שכתוב בתורה וספרתם לכם וכו'" שהרי מצות ספירת
העומר אינה מן התורה. (ואף שבאמת לדעת הרמב"ם והראבי"ה אין שיכות בין
מצות ספירת העומר לקצירת העומר, ולדעתם מצות ספירת העומר מן התורה אף בזמן זה, מכל
מקום אין אנו פוסקים כדבריהם" אלא כדעת מרן השלחן ערוך שקבלנו הוראותיו, שפסק
שספירת העומר מדרבנן, שכן דעת רב האי גאון והתוספות והרא"ש והעיטור
והרשב"א והר"ן ועוד.)

מצות
ספירת העומר, היא מצוה בכל יום ויום מימי הספירה, ולכן אנו מברכים עליה בכל יום
ויום קודם הספירה. אולם לדעת בעל הלכות גדולות, מי ששכח לספור ספירת העומר יום
אחד, שוב אינו יכול להמשיך בספירת העומר, הואיל ואי אפשר לספור בדילוג (שכן הסופר אחד שנים
ארבעה אינו סופר נכון, כמו כן
השוכח יום אחד, שוב אין לו תקנה והמשך הספירה שלו אינו נחשב לספירה). ואנו נוקטים
להלכה, שגם אם שכח יום אחד לספור ספירת העומר, ימשיך עוד בספירת שאר הימים, מכיון
וכל יום הוא מצוה בפני עצמה שאינה תלויה בשאר הימים. רק הואיל וכלל גדול בידינו
"ספק ברכות להקל", לכן לענין הברכה אנו חוששים לסברת בעל הלכות גדולות.
נמצא אם כן מי ששכח יום אחד לספור ספירת העומר, ימשיך בשאר הימים לספור כדרכו, רק
מכאן ולהבא אינו מברך על הספירה.

זמן
ספירת העומר בלילה, ומכל מקום אם שכח לספור בלילה יספור ביום שאחריו בלי ברכה,
ואחר כך יוכל להמשיך לספור בכל לילה ולילה בברכה.

אשה
הסופרת ספירת העומר, לא תברך על הספירה. ולמנהגינו, אין הנשים סופרות ספירת העומר.
והטעם בזה מבואר על פי דברי המקובלים

The Mitzvah of Counting the Omer

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Please send us any announcement you would like to make through our e-mail before Wednesday morning, if possible, unless there is a Yom Tob. Exceptions will be made for late entries

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Thank you, Hatzlacha & all the best

Please feel free to ask us any questions or requests you may need through this e-mail. We will get back to you, bli neder, asap.

Please send us any announcement you would like to make through our e-mail before Wednesday morning, if possible, unless there is a Yom Tob. Exceptions will be made for late entries

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 ****

Please feel free to ask us any questions or requests you may need through this e-mail. We will get back to you, bli neder, asap.

Please send us any announcement you would like to make through our e-mail before Wednesday morning, if possible, unless there is a Yom Tob. Exceptions will be made for late entries

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Thank you, Hatzlacha & all the best