Newsletter Parashat Vayetze

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לוח זמני תפלה לחורף תשפ״א

Winter Timetable 5781 – 2020/21

מוצאי שבת

ערבית
)
מוצש(

שקיעה

מנחה שבת

סוף זמן קריאת שמע

הדלקת נרות

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Sunset

Minha

Shema before

Candle Lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

 

 

4:53

4:50

3:54

3:20

9:57

3:41

3:41

27/28 Nov

ויצא


Q & A on Parashat Vayetze

All references are to the verses and Rashis commentary, unless otherwise stated.

  1. When Yaakov traveled to Charan, the Torah stresses that he departed from Beer Sheva. Why?
    28:10 – The departure of a righteous person leaves a noticeable void in that place.
  2. On the night of his dream, Yaakov did something he hadn't done in 14 years. What?
    28:11 – Sleep at night lying down.
  3. G-d compressed the entire Land of Israel underneath the sleeping Yaakov. What did this symbolize?
    28:13 – That the Land would be easy for his descendants to conquer.
  4. Yaakov said “I will return with shalom.” What did he mean by “shalom”?
    28:21 – Completely without sin.
  5. Why did Yaakov rebuke the shepherds?
    29:7 – He thought they were loafing, stopping work early in the day.
  6. Why did Rachel, and not her brothers, tend her father's sheep?
    30:27 – Her brothers weren't born yet.
  7. Why did Yaakov cry when he met Rachel?
    29:11 – He saw prophetically that they would not be buried together; or because he was penniless.
  8. Why did Lavan run to greet Yaakov?
    29:13 – He thought Yaakov was carrying money.
  9. Why were Leah's eyes tender?
    29:17 – She cried continually because she thought she was destined to marry Esav.
  10. How old was Yaakov when he married?
    29:21 – Eighty-four.
  11. What did Rachel find enviable about Leah?
    30:1 – Her good deeds, thinking they were the reason Leah merited children.
  12. Who was Yaakov's fifth son?
    30:5 – Dan.
  13. Who was Leahs handmaiden? Was she older or younger than Rachels handmaiden?
    30:10 – Zilpah. She was younger.
  14. How do you say dudaim in Arabic?
    30:14 – Jasmine (Yasmin).
  15. “G-d remembered Rachel” (30:22). What did He remember?
    30:22 – That Rachel gave Leah the “signs of recognition” that Yaakov had taught her, so that Leah wouldnt be embarrassed.
  16. What does “Yosef” mean? Why was he named that?
    30:24 “Yosef” means “He will add.” Rachel asked G-d for another son in addition to Yosef.
  17. G-d forbade Lavan to speak to Yaakov “either of good or of bad.” Why didnt G-d want Lavan to speak of good?
    31:24 – Because the “good” that comes from wicked people is bad for the righteous.
  18. Where are there two Aramaic words in this weeks Parsha?
    31:41 – Yagar Sahaduta, meaning “wall of testimony.”
  19. Who was Bilhahs father? Who was Zilpahs father?
    31:50 – Lavan.
  20. Who escorted Yaakov into Eretz Yisrael?
    32:1 – The angels of Eretz Yisrael.
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

מי שמצא כסף בשבת

שאלה: האם מותר לדחוף בשבת דבר מוקצה, על ידי דחיפה ברגליו? וכגון, מי שמצא בשבת ארנק, האם יוכל לדחפו ברגליו הצידה, בכדי שלא יבא לידי הפסד?

ארנק כסף, הוא מוקצה בשבת

תשובה: הנה נכון הדבר, שארנק כסף הוא מוקצה בשבת. כי המעות, הן בכלל מוקצה מחמת גופו, כגון עצים ואבנים, שאסור לטלטלם בשבת, כיון שאינם כלי, ואינם ראויים לכל מלאכה בשבת. ועתה בראשית דברינו, נעתיק את לשון מרן השלחן ערוך, ואחר כך נסביר דבריו.

דברי מרן השלחן ערוך בענין טלטול בגופו

כתב מרן השלחן ערוך (סימן שיא ס”ח) בזו הלשון: “טלטול בגופו, אפילו לצורך דבר האסור מותר, הילכך, קש שעל גבי המטה, דסתמו מוקצה להסקה, מנענעו בגופו”. ופירוש דבריו: קש, הרי הוא מוקצה בשבת, מכיון שהיו רגילים להשתמש בקש לצורך הסקה באש לחימום ובישול. ולכן, הקש הרי הוא מוקצה בשבת, כי הוא מיועד לדבר האסור בשבת. ומכל מקום, מי שבא לשכב לנוח על גבי הקש (כפי שהיו רגילים בזמנם), והקש היה מונח בצורה לא נוחה, מותר לו לדחוף ברגלייו את הקש, או בשאר חלקי הגוף, בכדי להחליק את המצע שיהיה נוח לשכב על גביו.

וטעם הדבר, משום שטלטול “בגופו”, כלומר, בשאר חלקי הגוף, אינו נחשב לטלטול מוקצה בשבת. שלא גזרו חכמים איסור טלטול, אלא כשמטלטל בידיו דוקא, אבל כשאינו עושה כן בידיו, אלא ברגליו וכיוצא בזה, אין בדבר איסור.

דין “הקש” בשבת

ובדרך אגב נציין, במה שכתבנו שה”קש” הוא מוקצה בשבת, כיון שהוא מיועד להסקה. הנה כל זה דוקא בזמנם, שהיו רגילים להשתמש בקש להסקה. אבל בזמן שהקש מיועד למאכל בהמה, ורוצים לטלטלו לצורך הבהמה, אין הוא מוקצה בשבת. ובזמן שהקש אינו מיועד לשום צורך, הרי הוא מוקצה מחמת גופו, כדין שאר עצים ואבנים.

דברי המשנה ברורה בענין טלטול ארנק

ולאור דברי מרן השלחן ערוך הללו, כתב הגאון המשנה ברורה (בסוף סימן רסו), שאף על פי שהמוצא ארנק בשבת, אסור לטלטלו לשום מקום. מכל מקום, מותר לדחוף אותו ברגליו, למקום מוצנע, בכדי שלא יבא אדם אחר ויקחנו. ואף על פי שהגאון חזון איש כתב לחלוק בזה על דברי המשנה ברורה, מכל מקום, לדעת מרן הרב זצוק”ל, העיקר להלכה כדעת המשנה ברורה, שטלטול בגופו, אינו אסור בשבת, אפילו כשעושה כן בכוונה. וכן פסק הגאון רבי שלמה זלמן אוירבך זצ”ל, ועוד מגדולי הפוסקים.

לאור האמור למדנו, לגבי מה שהזכרנו בהלכות קודמות, שאסור לטלטל בשבת אריזת קמח וכדומה. ולפיכך מי שחפץ להוציא בשבת איזה דבר מהמקפיא, ויש שם אריזת קמח שמסתירה את אותו הדבר, הרי אסור להזיז את אריזת הקמח שהיא בגדר “מוקצה מחמת גופו”. ומכל מקום, אם רוצה להזיז את הקמח באמצעות המרפק, הרי הדבר מותר, כי גם זה בכלל טלטול בגופו שאינו אסור בשבת.

ולסיכום: מותר לטלטל מוקצה בשבת, על ידי דחיפה ברגליו. לכן, המוצא ארנק של מעות בשבת, מותר לו לדחוף אותו ברגליו למקום מוצנע, בכדי שאדם אחר לא ימצא אותו וילך לאיבוד.

One Who Finds Money on Shabbat

Question: Is one permitted to move Muktzeh on Shabbat by pushing it with one’s feet? For instance, if one finds a wallet on Shabbat, may one push it aside with one’s feet so that one does not incur a monetary loss?

A Wallet Containing Money is Muktzeh on Shabbat

Answer: Indeed, a wallet containing money is Muktzeh on Shabbat for money is considered “innate Muktzeh” similar to wood and stones which may not be moved on Shabbat since they are not a utensil and are not usable for any purpose on Shabbat. Let us now quote the words of Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch, after which we shall explain their meaning.

The Ruling of Maran HaShulchan Aruch Regarding Moving Muktzeh with One’s Body
Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch (Chapter 311, Section 8) rules as follows: “Moving Muktzeh with one’s body is permitted even for the purpose of a forbidden object. Thus, if there is straw, which is usually designated for burning, on one’s bed, one may shake it off using one’s body.” This means that straw is Muktzeh on Shabbat since the common usage of straw in those times was to fuel fires used for heat and cooking. Therefore, straw is Muktzeh on Shabbat since it is designated for something prohibited on Shabbat. Nevertheless, if one wishes to lie down on top of the straw (as was likewise common in those days) and the straw is strewn about in a manner that would be uncomfortable to lie on, one may push the straw with one’s feet or with any other part of one’s body in order to smooth out the bedding so that it will be comfortable to lie on.

The reason for this is because moving [Muktzeh] with one’s “body”, meaning any part of one’s body besides for one’s hands, is not considered moving Muktzeh on Shabbat, for our Sages only forbade moving Muktzeh with one’s hands on Shabbat; however, there is no prohibition involved when one does so using one’s feet or any other body part.

The Status of Straw on Shabbat
We should mention that what we have mentioned above that straw is Muktzeh on Shabbat because it is designated for burning was only applicable in earlier times when straw would be used for fueling fires. However, if the straw is designated as animal feed and one would like to move it in order to feed one’s animals, one may do so and it is not considered Muktzeh. When the straw is not designated for any particular purpose, it retains its Muktzeh status, similar to wood and stones.

The Opinion of the Mishnah Berura Regarding Moving a Wallet
Based on the aforementioned words of Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch, the Mishnah Berura (end of Chapter 266) writes that although one who finds a wallet on Shabbat may not move it [with one’s hands] to any place, nevertheless, one may kick it aside to a more discreet place so that another person does not come along and snatch it. Although Hagaon Chazon Ish disagrees with the Mishnah Berura, Maran zt”l sides with the opinion of the Mishnah Berura and writes that moving Muktzeh with one’s body is permissible on Shabbat even if one does so intentionally. Hagaon Harav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach zt”l and others rule likewise.

Based on this, we can infer a law regarding the prohibition to move bags of flour and the like on Shabbat. If one wishes to take something out of the freezer on Shabbat and there is a bag of flour blocking that specific item, one may not move the bag of flour, for it is considered “innate Muktzeh”. Nevertheless, one may move the bag of flour with one’s elbow for this is likewise considered “moving Muktzeh with one’s body” which is permissible on Shabbat.

Summary: One may move Muktzeh on Shabbat using different parts of one’s body besides for one’s hands. Thus, if one finds a wallet on Shabbat, one may push it aside with one’s feet to a more unobtrusive place so that someone else does not pass by and take it.

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Newsletter Parashat Toledot

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Attached to this email
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 Moor Lane More Torah on this week's parsha.
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  The Kollel has purchased the new edition of Rabbi Ribiat's  'The 39 Melochos' for the kollel, 
and will make it available [in the upstairs library] for members of the kehila 
as it deals with many of the most recent halachic issues arising. 

Please Note: 
Although it is primarily with Ashkenazi Pesak Halacha, 
it gives a good grounding of how each Melacha

a) is learned from the Torah 
– the actual Melacha done in the Mishkan 

b) all the way down to halacha Lemaase 
– how it applies nowadays.

The index at the back of each book is very extensive, making it easy to find any situation 
& where the specific halacha can be found, 
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Sephardic World  
Moroccan Sephardic Migration to England in the 19th Century
During the 19th Century many Sephardic families from the city of Mogador/Essaouira in Morocco migrated to England where they became part of the rich fabric of the Jewish community.

Sidney Corcos was born in Agadir, and left Morocco to Israel as a child. He served as director of the Natural History Museum in Jerusalem and is currently working on the new Beit Dakyra museum in Mogador/Essaouira. Sidney has done extensive research on the history and genealogy of his family and other Moroccan Sephardim. 


Topic: Moroccan Sephardic Migration to England in the 19th Century

Time: Sunday Nov 22, 2020. 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam/Paris, 9pm Jerusalem.

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Best wishes,


Ton Tielen and David Mendoza

Sephardic World

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לוח זמני תפלה לחורף תשפ״א

Winter Timetable 5781 – 2020/21

מוצאי שבת

ערבית
)
מוצש(

שקיעה

מנחה שבת

סוף זמן קריאת שמע

הדלקת נרות

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Sunset

Minha

Shema before

Candle Lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

 

 

4:59

4:55

4:02

3:25

9:50

3:49

3:49

20/21 Nov

תולדות

Q & A on Parashat Toledot

All references are to the verses and Rashis commentary unless otherwise stated.

  1. Why was it important that Yitzchak look like Avraham?
    25:19 – So everyone would agree that Avraham was indeed his father.
  2. Why does the Torah stress that Rivka was Betuel's daughter and Lavan's sister?
    25:20 – To praise her, that even though her family was evil she was righteous.
  3. What are the two differences between Tamar's pregnancy and Rivka's pregnancy?
    25:24 – Rivka gave birth at full term to two children, one righteous and one wicked. Tamar gave birth after seven months to two righteous children.
  4. Why was Esav named Esav?
    25:25 – He was born fully developed. The name Esav is based on the Hebrew word for “made”.
  5. Who gave Yaakov his name?
    25:26 G-d.
  6. How did Esav deceive his father?
    25:27 – Esav deceived Yitzchak by asking questions that suggested that he was very strict in mitzvah observance.
  7. Why was Esav faint when he returned from the field?
    25:29 – From having murdered.
  8. Why are lentils a food for mourners?
    25:30 – They are round like a wheel and mourning is like a revolving wheel that eventually touches everyone.
  9. What was the birthright that Yaakov bought from Esav?
    25:31 – The right to bring sacrifices.
  10. Why was Yitzchak not permitted to go to Egypt?
    26:2 – Through the akeida he had attained the status of a korban and was forbidden to leave Eretz Canaan.
  11. Why did the Philistines plug up the wells?
    26:15 – They felt that either marauders would attack to capture the wells, or, if attacking for other reasons, they would use the wells as a water supply.
  12. Why did Yitzchak lose his sight? (three reasons)
    27:1 – a) From the smoke of the incense offered by Esavs wives to their idols; b) From the angels tears which fell into Yitzchaks eyes at the time of the akeida; c) In order for Yaakov to receive the blessings.
  13. At what age should one anticipate his own death?
    27:2 – When he reaches five years from the age his parents were when they passed away, until five years after.
  14. Why did Rivka ask Yaakov to bring two kid goats?
    27:9 – One for Yitzchak and the other to offer as a korban Pesach.
  15. Why did Esav leave his special garments with Rivka?
    27:15 – He suspected that his wives might steal them.
  16. What fragrance did Yitzchak detect on Yaakovs garments?
    27:27 – The scent of Gan Eden.
  17. What was the “fat of the land” promised to Esav?
    27:36 – Italy.
  18. When will Esav be freed from subjugation to Yaakov?
    27:40 – When the Jewish People transgress the Torah.
  19. What inspired Esav to marry the daughter of Yishmael?
    28:7 – Seeing that his father despised his current wives, he resolved to take a wife from his father's family.
  20. Knowing that Machalat was Yishmael's daughter, it's self-evident that she was the sister of Nevayot. Why, then, does the Torah state that Esav married “Yishmael's daughter, the sister of Nevayot?”
    28:9 – To indicate that Yishmael died between her betrothal and her wedding and that it was Nevayot who gave his sister in marriage to Esav. Knowing the date of Yishmael's death, we can determine the date of Esav's marriage and thus Yaakov's age, 63, at the time of his flight from Esav.


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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

טלטול אוכלין

שאלה: האם מותר לטלטל בשבת מאכלים שאינם מיועדים לשימוש בשבת,  כגון בשר המוכן עבור יום ראשון, וכן אבקת אפיה וסוכר וניל שאי אפשר להשתמש בהם בשבת?

בהלכות הקודמות ביארנו באופן כללי את עיקר דין מוקצה בשבת, שיש דברים שאסרו רבותינו לטלטלם (להזיזם) בשבת. וכתבנו, כי כלים שמלאכתם להיתר, מותר לטלטלם לצורך כל שהוא. וכלים שמלאכתם לאיסור, מותר לטלטלם לצורך גופם או מקומם. וכפי שהסברנו.

ואבנים ועפר וכיוצא בזה, הרי הם בכלל “מוקצה מחמת גופו“, שאסור לטלטלם אפילו לצורך גופם או מקומם.

ועתה נבאר מה הדין לגבי טלטול מאכלים בשבת, האם שייך בהם איסור מוקצה או לא?

ובודאי כאשר נבא לדון בענין זה, נראה שאי אפשר להחשיב מאכלים למוקצה מחמת כלי שמלאכתו לאיסור או להיתר, שהרי המאכלים אינם כלים. אבל יש לדון אם שייך במאכלים דין “מוקצה מחמת גופו”.

ובאמת שהדבר תלוי, שאם אותו מאכל ראוי לאכילה בעצם יום השבת, כגון עוגות ועוגיות וכדומה, מותר לטלטלו בשבת. וכלשון מרן השלחן ערוך (סימן שי סב), “אין שום דבר תלוש הראוי לאכילה מוקצה לשבת”.

אבל אם אותו מאכל אינו ראוי לאכילה בשבת, כגון עיסה של בצק, שאינה עומדת לאכילה עד שיאפו אותה, וכן מאכלים מקולקלים, שאי אפשר לאכול מהם כעת, אסור לטלטלם בשבת, כדין עפר ואבנים, שאסורים בטלטול בשבת. וכמו שפסק מרן השלחן ערוך, לגבי ענבים שהניחו אותם לייבוש לעשות מהם צימוקים, וכעת הם מסריחים הואיל ועדיין לא נשלמה הכנתם, ואסור לטלטלם בשבת.

ומכאן אנו למדים גם כן לענין אבקת אפיה, שמכיון שאי אפשר לאכול ממנה בשבת, שאינה מוכשרת למאכל אלא לאחר האפיה, הרי היא מוקצת מחמת גופה, ואסור לטלטלה בשבת. אולם אבקת סוכר וניל, מכיון שבאמת היא ראויה למאכל אף ללא אפיה (כגון בסלט פירות), מותר לטלטלה בשבת. וכן בשר, אף שהוא מיועד ליום חול, ואין כוונה לאכול ממנו בשבת, מותר לטלטלו, כיון שלא שייך איסור מוקצה במאכלים שאפשר לאכול מהם בשבת.

ולפי מה שביארנו שמוקצה מחמת גופו אסור לטלטלו אפילו לצורך גופו או מקומו, אין לטלטל אבקת אפיה בשבת אפילו לצורך. וכן בשר שאינו ראוי לאכילה כלל בשבת, אסור לטלטלו בשבת אפילו לצורך, כיון שהוא מוקצה מחמת גופו.

לפיכך, אדם שצריך להוציא מהמקפיא שבביתו חלה קפואה, והחלה מוסתרת על ידי אריזת קמח או אבקת אפיה, אסור לו לטלטל את הקמח כדי להוציא את החלה, שהרי הקמח הוא מוקצה מחמת גופו ואסור לטלטלו בשום אופן. (אלא באופן מיוחד כמו שנבאר בהמשך בעזרת ה').

Moving Food Items on Shabbat

Question: May one move food items on Shabbat if they are not intended for Shabbat use, such as meat designated for Sunday or baking powder and vanilla sugar which have no use on Shabbat?

Answer: In the previous Halachot we have explained the primary laws of Muktzeh on Shabbat which is that our Sages forbade moving certain objects on Shabbat. We have written that objects which are used for work permitted on Shabbat may be moved for any purpose. Tools that are used for work prohibited on Shabbat may be moved for their own use or use of their place, as we have explained above.

Rocks, dirt, and the like are categorized as “innate Muktzeh” which are prohibited to be moved even for their own use or use of their place.

We must now explain the laws of moving various food items on Shabbat. Do the laws of Muktzeh apply here or not?

At first glance, food items can certainly not be considered objects used for permissible or forbidden work or on Shabbat, for food is not a utensil or a tool. However, we must discern whether or not food can be considered “innate Muktzeh”.

Indeed, this depends on whether or not the given food is able to be eaten on this specific Shabbat, such as cakes, cookies, and the like, for if this is the case, it may be moved on Shabbat. Similarly, Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch rules (Chapter 310, Section 2): “There is no edible item that is detached from the ground that can be considered Muktzeh on Shabbat.”

However, if any specific food item is not edible on Shabbat, such as dough that is inedible until it is baked or rotten foods that are currently inedible, one may not move it on Shabbat, similar to the law of dirt and stones which may not be moved on Shabbat. Similarly, Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch rules that grapes which were left out to dry in order to make raisins out of them and are now rotten, since the preparation process is not yet complete, one may not move them on Shabbat.

Based on this, baking powder which is inedible until after the baking process retains the law of “innate Muktzeh” and may not be moved. However, regarding vanilla sugar which is edible even without being baked (such as in a fruit salad), it may be moved on Shabbat. Similarly, meat which one intends to serve on a weekday and not partake of on Shabbat may still be moved on Shabbat since the prohibition of Muktzeh does not apply to things which can be eaten on Shabbat.

Based on what we have explained above that “innate Muktzeh” may not be moved even for its own use or use of its place, one may not move baking powder on Shabbat even if there is a purpose in doing so. Similarly, meat which is completely inedible on Shabbat may not be moved even for a purpose since it is “innate Muktzeh.”

Thus, if one needs to take a frozen Challah out of the freezer on Shabbat but the Challah is stuck behind a bag of flour or baking powder, one may not move the flour or baking powder in order to take out the Challah, for flour and baking powder are considered “innate Muktzeh” and there is no permissible way to move them (besides for a special exception that we shall, G-d willing, discuss further).

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Newsletter Parashat Chaye Sara

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Sephardic World  
From Glory to Dispersion – The Sephardi Lisbona family from Damascus

David Lisbona will discuss the history of his Sephardic ancestors who originated in Portugal and later settled in Damascus, a major city on the Silk Road. The 'Franco' Sephardic community maintained a distinct identity from the indigenous Arabic-speaking Jews. Using available historic and genealogical sources, including records new to us, David tells the remarkable story of his family, who were prominent in the Damascene Jewish community. Upheavals in the Ottoman Empire and the opening of the Suez Canal led to a decline in the community, with migrations to Egypt, England, the United States and elsewhere.

Topic: From Glory to Dispersion – The Sephardic Lisbona family from Damascus

Time: Nov 16, 2020. 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam/Paris, 9pm Jerusalem.

Join Zoom Meeting 
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/81392277216

Can you help us? Our supporters on Patreon contribute towards covering our costs. If you can make a small monthly donation, it would be much appreciated. https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

If you can't get into the Zoom meeting, there is an overflow on Facebook

Best wishes,

Ton Tielen and David Mendoza
Sephardic World  

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לוח זמני תפלה לחורף תשפ״א

Winter Timetable 5781 – 2020/21

מוצאי שבת

ערבית
)
מוצש(

שקיעה

מנחה שבת

סוף זמן קריאת שמע

הדלקת נרות

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Sunset

Minha

Shema before

Candle Lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

 

 

5:07

5:05

4:11

3:35

9:43

3:59

3:59

13/14 Nov

חיי שרה (ש''מ)

Q & A on Parashat Chaye Sara

  1. Name the four couples buried in Kiryat Arba.
    23:2 – Adam and Chava, Avraham and Sara, Yitzchak and Rivka, Yaakov and Leah.
  2. What did Sarah hear that caused her death?
    23:2 – That Yitzchak was almost slaughtered.
  3. What title of honor did the Bnei Chet bestow upon Avraham?
    23:6 – Prince of G-d.
  4. Where was Avraham born?
    24:7 – Ur Kasdim.
  5. How were Avraham's camels distinguished?
    24:10 – They were muzzled, so they wouldn't graze in the fields of others.
  6. What is meant by “all the good of his master in his hand”?
    24:10 – Eliezer carried a document in which Avraham gave all he owned to Yitzchak so that people would want their daughter to marry him.
  7. What special character trait did Eliezer seek when choosing a wife for Yitzchak?
    24:14 – He sought someone who excelled in performing acts of kindness.
  8. Why did Avraham's servant, Eliezer, run toward Rivka?
    24:17 – He saw that the waters of the well rose when she approached.
  9. Why did Lavan run to greet Eliezer?
    24:29 – Lavan coveted his money.
  10. When Lavan told Eliezer that the house was cleared out, what did he remove?
    24:31 – Idols.
  11. Who did Eliezer want Yitzchak to marry?
    24:39 – His own daughter.
  12. Aside from Eliezer, to which other people did Rivka offer to give water?
    24:44 – To the men who accompanied Eliezer.
  13. Lavan answered Eliezer before his father, Betuel, had a chance. What does this indicate about Lavan's character?
    24:50 – That he was wicked.
  14. What did Rivka mean when she said “I will go?”
    24:58 – I will go even if you don't want me to go.
  15. What blessing did Rivka's family give her before she departed?
    24:60 – That the blessings given to Avraham would continue through her children.
  16. Who was Ketura?
    25:1 – Hagar.
  17. What gift did Avraham give to Yitzchak?
    25:5 – The power of blessing.
  18. How old was Avraham when he died?
    25:7 – 175 years old.
  19. For how many years did Yaakov attend the Yeshiva of Ever?
    25:17 – 14 years.
  20. How many times is Eliezer's name mentioned in this week's Parsha?
    None.
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

מי שנסתפק אם הזכיר רצה והחליצנו בברכת המזון

הנה הלכה רווחת, שהואיל ומצות ברכת המזון היא מן התורה, כמו שנאמר ואכלת ושבעת וברכת את ה', לכן המסתפק אם בירך ברכת המזון אם לאו, חייב לחזור ולברך ברכת המזון מספק, לפי הכלל “ספק דאוריתא (של תורה) להחמיר”. וכמו שביארנו כבר בדין הזכרת “רצה והחליצנו” בברכת המזון ביום השבת. ולפי זה נראה לכאורה שהוא הדין לענין מי שמסתפק אם הזכיר רצה והחליצנו ביום השבת, שהואיל ואם שכח להזכיר רצה והחליצנו הדין הוא שצריך לחזור ולברך, אם כן הוא הדין גם כן שמחמת הספק יצטרך לחזור ולברך.

אלא שבאמת, אף שברכת המזון היא מן התורה, מכל מקום דין הזכרת רצה והחליצנו בברכת המזון אינו מן התורה. וכן כתבו רבים מרבותינו הראשונים, ומהם הרשב”ץ (רבי שמעון בר צמח) בפסקיו לברכות (מט.). ועוד. ועל כן נראה יותר שכאשר הוא מסתפק אם הזכיר רצה והחליצנו או לא, הרי הדין הוא שאינו צריך לברך, לפי הכלל “ספק דרבנן להקל”. שהרי מן התורה יצא ידי חובת ברכת המזון אף אילו לא הזכיר רצה והחליצנו.

אולם בשו”ת בשמים ראש סי' רפז, (המיוחס ברובו לרבינו הרא”ש), כתב, שהואיל וחזקה על אדם שהוא ממשיך בברכתו כפי שהוא רגיל לברך בכל ימות השבוע, על כן יש להניח יותר שלא הזכיר בברכת המזון “רצה והחליצנו”, ולכן עליו לחזור ולברך ברכת המזון כדין מי שנזכר שבודאות לא הזכיר רצה והחליצנו בברכת המזון. וכמו שאנו פוסקים לענין מי שנסתפק לאחר שסיים תפילתו בימים אלו, אם הזכיר בתפילתו בברכת השנים “ותן טל ומטר לברכה”, שאנו מניחים יותר ששכח שאנו בימות הגשמים, והמשיך כרגילותו בימות הקיץ שאין מבקשים על הגשמים, ועל כן חייב לחזור ולהתפלל, כמו כן הדין לענין הזכרת רצה והחליצנו.

ומרן הרב עובדיה יוסף זצוק”ל, אחר שדן בענין זה באריכות בספרו שו”ת יביע אומר (ח”ז דף סח), כתב, שאף שבדרך כלל אנו נוטים לומר שחזקה על כל אדם שהמשיך ברגילותו בתפילה ושאר ענינים, מכל מקום לענין ברכת המזון בשבת, יש סברא שעומדת כנגד חזקה זו, שהואיל ואימת השבת עומדת על האדם ביום השבת, שהרי כל האוירה ביום השבת משתנה, והאדם רגיל להזהר בכל איסורי שבת בכל רגע ורגע, אם כן יש מקום לתלות שאדרבא זכר שהוא יום השבת ולא שכח להזכיר רצה והחליצנו. ואף שלא יצא הדבר עדיין מידי ספק, מכל מקום הואיל וביארנו כבר שדין הזכרת רצה והחליצנו אינו אלא מדרבנן ואינו מן התורה, אם כן חזר הדין שספק דרבנן להקל, ועל כן להלכה בנדון כזה אין לחזור ולברך ברכת המזון.

ולסיכום: מי שסיים ברכת המזון (בסעודות הראשונה והשנייה) ביום השבת, וכעת הוא מסופק אם הזכיר בברכת המזון רצה והחליצנו, אינו חוזר לברך ברכת המזון, הואיל ועיקר דין הזכרת רצה והחליצנו אינו אלא מדרבנן. ואין לחוש לכך שמסתמא המשיך ברגילות לשונו בכל ימות השבוע ולא הזכיר רצה והחלצינו, מכיון שכנגד זה יש לומר שהואיל ואימת השבת עליו, זכר להזכיר בברכתו רצה והחליצנו.

ואם לאחר שסיים ברכת “בונה ירושלים” הסתפק אם הזכיר רצה והחליצנו, ועדיין לא התחיל בברכת “הטוב והמטיב” שאחרי ברכת בונה ירושלים, אז יתקן את הדבר על ידי שיברך “ברוך אתה ה' אלהינו מלך העולם” וכו', כמו שביארנו בהלכה הקודמת.



If One is Unsure Whether or Not One Has Inserted “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” into Birkat Hamazon

The Halacha is clear that since Birkat Hamazon is a Torah obligation, as the verse states, “And you shall eat and you shall be satisfied and you shall bless Hashem, your G-d,” if one is unsure whether or not one has recited Birkat Hamazon, one must recite Birkat Hamazon over again based on the rule, “When in doubt regarding a Torah law, one must act stringently.” It seems that the same should apply to one who is unsure whether or not he has recited “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” on Shabbat, for since we know that if one forgets to insert “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” one must repeat Birkat Hamazon, the same should apply that even when one is unsure, one must likewise repeat Birkat Hamazon.

Nevertheless, the truth of the matter is that although reciting Birkat Hamazon is a Torah obligation, inserting “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” is not. Many Rishonim write likewise including the Tashbetz, in his work on Masechet Berachot (49a), and others. Based on this, it would seem that when one is unsure if he has recited “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” or not, one need not repeat Birkat Hamazon based on the rule, “When in doubt regarding a rabbinic law, one acts leniently,” for according to Torah law, one has fulfilled his obligation of reciting Birkat Hamazon even without inserting “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu.”

Nevertheless, the Responsa Besamim Rosh, Chapter 287 (which is attributed mostly to Rabbeinu Asher, the Rosh) states that since the assumption is that one has recited Birkat Hamazon the way one usually would during the rest of the week, we must therefore assume that one has omitted “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” and one must therefore repeat Birkat Hamazon similar to the law of one who is certain that he has not inserted “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” into Birkat Hamazon.

After dealing with this matter lengthily in his Responsa Yabia Omer (Volume 7, page 68), Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l writes that although we usually follow the assumption that one follows one’s routine with regards to prayer and the like, nevertheless, regarding Birkat Hamazon on Shabbat there is an argument which counteracts this assumption which is that since the fear of Shabbat rests on an individual on Shabbat, for on Shabbat there is indeed a unique aura and one is therefore careful not to transgress the prohibitions of Shabbat at all times, there is thus room to assume that, on the contrary, one did not forget to insert “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu.” Although this is still an uncertainty, since we have already explained that inserting “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” is only a rabbinic law, we must therefore follow the rule of “When in doubt regarding a rabbinic law, one acts leniently.” Thus, halachically speaking, in our scenario one would not repeat Birkat Hamazon.

Summary: If one concludes Birkat Hamazon (after the first and second Shabbat meals) and becomes unsure whether or not he has inserted “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” into Birkat Hamazon, one will not repeat Birkat Hamazon since the essence of reciting “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” is only based on a rabbinic law. One need not be concerned that one has followed his regular weekday routine of reciting Birkat Hamazon without inserting “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” since one is surrounded by the aura of Shabbat and one may therefore assume that one did remember to insert “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu.”

If after reciting “Boneh Yerushalayim” one becomes unsure whether or not one has recited “Retzeh Ve’Hachalitzenu” and one did not yet begin the blessing of “La’ad Ha’el Avinu,” one may correct this by inserting the blessing of “Baruch Ata Hashem etc. Shenatan Shabbatot etc.” as we have discussed in the previous Halacha.

Newsletter Parshat Vayera

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info  
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letter attached to this email
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to the new elected
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President: Mordechai Maman

Vice president: Benjamin Hassan

Hon Treasurer: Yamin Ibgui

Hon Secretary: David Marshall

Gabbai: Eli Shoshana

Ladies Committee Chair: Mrs. Elaine Marshall


Non-Executive Mahamad members:


Mahamad 

David Menashe

 Community Liaison

Loretta Hodari  

Youth Liaison

Rafi Marshall  


May Hashem guide them in taking our 
Bet Hakeneset forward into the coming year 
****
Moorlanenews
would like to take this opportunity
to thank 
David Menashe 
for his many years of service to the kahal as
Parnas Presidente
and wish him much hatzlacha for the future
****

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To our very dear friends
Jonny & Emma Jacobs
on celebrating the wedding of their son
Yehoshua
to 
Racheli 
שיזכו לבנות בית נאמן בישראל

Mazel Tov to families Jacobs & Modiano

Moorlanenews
would like to take this opportunity 
to wholeheartedly thank BOTH
Jonny & Emma
for their countless hours & years 
of continuous committed service 
in all aspects of the running of our Bet Hakeneset,
we owe you so much Hakarat Hatov. 

May Hashem bless you both with 
good health, beracha, mazal & hatzlacha
and many semachot in their house 

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Special Mazal Tov
to our very dear
Emily Jacobs
on the occasion of her grandson's wedding
May Hashem grant her good healthy & long life 
to see all her grandchildren under the Chupah 
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35 – The Four Pillars of the Divine Throne – 

HaGaon Rabbi Yaakov HIllel‏

https://youtu.be/dbwM8QTPTCo

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Sephardic World  
Menasseh ben Israel vs. The Rabbis

Do you think conflicts within Jewish communities are something new? It is possible that the re-admission of Jews to England was a consequence of a squabble between Amsterdam's leading rabbis.

With the merger of the three original Amsterdam Sephardic communities, the city found itself with four rabbis. All of them were strong characters. Inevitably, there were disputes over who had religious authority and who should be paid the most. 

It is possible that Menasseh's trip to London, and the establishment of a Jewish community there,  partly had its roots in his differences with Saul Levi Morteira, Isaac Aboab, David Pardo.

Our expert speaker this week, Professor Steven Nadler, is Professor of Philosophy and of Jewish Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His research focuses on philosophy in the seventeenth century. He has written extensively on Descartes and Cartesianism, Spinoza, and Leibniz. He also works on medieval and early modern Jewish philosophy. His publications include biographies of Spinoza and Menasseh ben Israel.

Topic: Menasseh ben Israel vs. The Rabbis

Time: Nov 8, 2020. 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam/Paris, 10pm Jerusalem.

Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/82928694528

Can you help us? Our supporters on Patreon contribute towards covering our costs. If you can make a small monthly donation, it would be much appreciated. https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

If you can't get into the Zoom meeting, there is an overflow on Facebook. We can't broadcast live on YouTube until we have a 1,000 subscribers. Please help us by clicking here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpz6pgNSg_KWP-4KbErjU2g. It costs you nothing!

Best wishes,

Ton Tielen and David Mendoza
Sephardic World  

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לוח זמני תפלה לחורף תשפ״א

Winter Timetable 5781 – 2020/21

מוצאי שבת

ערבית
)
מוצש(

שקיעה

מנחה שבת

סוף זמן קריאת שמע

הדלקת נרות

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Sunset

Minha

Shema before

Candle Lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

 

 

5:17

5:15

4:23

3:50

9:36

4:11

4:11

6/7 Nov

וירא

Q & A on Parashat Vayera

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. Why did G-d appear to Avraham after the brit mila?
    18:1 – Avraham was sick, so G-d came to “visit” him.
  2. Why was Avraham sitting at the entrance to his tent?
    18:1 – He was looking for guests.
  3. What were the missions of the three angels?
    18:2 – To announce Yitzchak's birth, to heal Avraham and to destroy Sodom.
  4. Why did Avraham enjoin the guests to wash the dust off their feet?
    18:4 – He thought they were among those who worship the dust, and he didnt want any object of idolatry in his home.
  5. Why did Avraham ask specifically Yishmael, and not someone else, to prepare food for the guests?
    18:7 – To train him in the performance of mitzvot.
  6. Why did the angels ask Avraham where Sarah was?
    18:9 – To call attention to Sarahs modesty, so as to endear her to her husband.
  7. When G-d related Sarahs thoughts to Avraham, He did not relate them precisely. Why?
    18:13 – For the sake of peace.
  8. What “cry” from Sodom came before G-d?
    18:21 – The cry of a girl who was executed for giving food to the poor.
  9. How many angels went to Sodom?
    19:1 – Two; one to destroy the city and one to save Lot.
  10. Why was Lot sitting at the gate of Sodom?
    19:1 – He was a judge.
  11. Lot served the angels matza. Why?
    19:3 – It was Passover.
  12. Why did Lot delay when he left Sodom?
    19:16 – He wanted to save his property.
  13. Why were Lot and his family not permitted to look back at Sodom?
    19:17 – As they, too, deserved to be punished, it wasnt fitting for them to witness the destruction of Sodom.
  14. Lots wife looked back and became a pillar of salt. Why was she punished in this particular way?
    19:26 – She was stingy, not wanting to give the guests salt.
  15. In what merit did G-d save Lot?
    19:29 – Lot had protected Avraham by concealing from the Egyptians the fact that Sarah was his wife.
  16. Why did Avraham relocate after the destruction of Sodom?
    20:1 – Because travel in the region ceased and Avraham could no longer find guests.
  17. Why did Avimelech give gifts to Avraham?
    20:14 – So that Avraham would pray for him.
  18. Why was Avraham told to listen to Sarah?
    21:12 – Because she was greater in prophecy.
  19. Why did G-d listen to the prayer of Yishmael and not to that of Hagar?
    21:17 – Because the prayer of a sick person is more readily accepted than the prayer of others on his behalf.
  20. Who accompanied Avraham and Yitzchak to the akeidah (binding)?
    22:3 – Yishmael and Eliezer.

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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

דין הנשים בסעודות שבת – מנהג מרן זצ”ל

שאלה: האם נשים חייבות לאכול שלוש סעודות בשבת, כפי שהאנשים חייבים?

תשובה: בהלכות הקודמות ביארנו את עיקרי הדינים הנוגעים לסעודות השבת, ובכללם, שכל אדם חייב לאכול שלוש סעודות בשבת, האחת בליל שבת, והשנייה ביום השבת, והשלישית ביום השבת בצהריים.

כמו כן ביארנו, שיש לברך על “לחם משנה” בסעודת הללו, כלומר, יש לברך המוציא על שתי כיכרות. וכפי שנתבאר.

ולענין נשים, אם הן חייבות בסעודות הללו או לא. כבר עמד בשאלה זו רבינו משה מפונטיזא (שהיה מבעלי התוספות לפני יותר משמונה מאות שנה), ושלח את ספקו בפני רבינו תם, האם נשים חייבות בשלש סעודות? שהרי כלל גדול בידינו, שנשים פטורות ממצות עשה שהזמן גרמא, כלומר, נשים פטורות מכל מצוה שהיא ב”קום ועשה”, ושהיא תלויה בזמן. כגון, מצות לולב, שהיא ב”קום ועשה” (ליטול לולב), והיא תלויה בזמן (רק בחג הסוכות). והרי גם מצות סעודות השבת, היא מצות עשה, והיא תלויה בזמן, שאינה שייכת בימות החול אלא בשבת דוקא. ולפי זה לכאורה נשים פטורות ממצוה זו.

והשיב לו רבינו תם, שנשים חייבות במצות סעודות השבת, משום שמצוה זו היא זכר לנס שירד מן מהשמים לבני ישראל במדבר, והיתה יורדת להם מנה כפולה לכבוד שבת, ומאחר ואף הנשים היו באותו הנס של ירידת המן, הרי שאף הן חייבות לעשות שלש סעודות לשבת, זכר לנס. וכשם שהן חייבות במצות נר חנוכה, ובמצות מקרא מגילה וארבע כוסות, שאף הן היו באותם הנסים, כן הדין לגבי סעודות שבת, שגם הן מחוייבות בסעודה זו. (ספר הישר סימן ע אות ד). והוסיף רבנו תם, שלאור האמור, נשים חייבות גם במצות “לחם משנה” בסעודות השבת, כדין האנשים ממש.

ועוד הוסיף רבינו תם לחזק את דבריו, שמאחר ועיקר הדין של סעודות השבת ושל לחם משנה הוא מצוה מדרבנן, ולא מן התורה, הרי שבמצוות דרבנן נשים חייבות בלי שום חילוק מהאנשים. והרמב”ן (קיז.) כתב שלענין מצוות השבת, אין חילוק כלל בין נשים לאנשים. ועוד הובאו בדברי רבותינו הראשונים טעמים אחרים בענין זה, אך כולם שוים במסקנתם, שנשים חייבות במצות שלש סעודות ובמצות לחם משנה.

ואמנם הגאון רבי שלמה קלוגר כתב שנשים אינן חייבות בלחם משנה, וכתב לחלוק בזה על דברי רבותינו הראשונים מטעמים שונים. אולם מרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצוק”ל כתב לדחות את כל דבריו, והוסיף עליהם בזו הלשון: “ונוראות נפלאתי, איך הרהיב עוז לדחות את דברי כל גדולי הפוסקים הנ”ל, חבל נביאים, שכולם שוים בעיקר הדין שהנשים חייבות בשלש סעודות ובלחם משנה”. (חזו”ע ח”ב עמ' קעב).

ולכן העיקר להלכה, שאין שום חילוק בין אנשים לנשים, הן לגבי עצם החיוב לסעוד שלש סעודות, והן לגבי החיוב בלחם משנה, שהנשים מחוייבות בדינים אלו לגמרי.

ואמנם בכמה מקומות בזמנינו נוהגים שהאנשים סועדים סעודה שלישית בבית הכנסת, ומחמת כן מתרשלות הנשים ואינן אוכלות סעודה זו, או שמסתפקות באכילת פירות וכדומה. ואין נכון לנהוג כן, ומה יפה מנהג מרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצוק”ל, שאף על פי שהיה אומר כמה שיעורים ודרשות בימות השבת, מכל מקום היה סועד סעודה שלישית בביתו עם רעייתו הרבנית, בניו ובנותיו, לחנכם ולהדריכם בסעודה זו, כדעת הפוסקים וכפסק מרן השלחן ערוך.

Women and the Shabbat Meals-The Custom of Maran zt”l

Question: Are women obligated to eat all three Shabbat meals as are men?

Answer: In the previous Halachot, we have explained the primary laws regarding the Shabbat meals, including the obligation to eat three meals on Shabbat: One on Shabbat night, one on Shabbat morning, and one on Shabbat afternoon.

We have also discussed that one must recite a blessing on “double bread” during these meals which means that the “Hamotzi” must be recited on two loaves of bread.

Regarding whether or not women are obligated in these meals, indeed, Rabbeinu Moshe of Fontaiza (one of the great Tosafists who lived approximately eight-hundred years ago) inquired this of Rabbeinu Tam. The root of his question is based on the rule that women are exempt from all positive, time-bound Mitzvot, such as the Mitzvah of taking the Lulav, for this is a positive Mitzvah (taking the Lulav) and is bound by time (as it can only be performed during the Sukkot holiday). So too, the Shabbat meals are likewise positive Mitzvot and are time-bound for they apply only on Shabbat and not on any other weekdays. Based on this, it would seem that women should be exempt from this Mitzvah.

Nevertheless, Rabbeinu Tam replied to him that women are indeed obligated in the Shabbat meals, for this Mitzvah is in commemoration of the Manna that fell from Heaven for the Jewish nation in the desert and they would receive a double portion of Manna in honor of Shabbat. Since women were also included in this miracle of the falling of the Manna, they are likewise obligated to partake of three Shabbat meals in commemoration of the miracle. Just as they are obligated in the Mitzvot of lighting Chanukah candles, reading of Megillat Esther, and drinking of the Four Cups of wine on Pesach because they were also included in the miracles these Mitzvot commemorate, they are likewise obligated in all three Shabbat meals for the same reason (see Sefer Ha’Yashar, Chapter 70, Section 4). Rabbeinu Tam adds that based on this, women are also obligated in “double bread” during each of the Shabbat meals exactly as men are.

Rabbeinu Tam strengthens his opinion by saying that since the Mitzvot of partaking of Shabbat meals and having “double bread” during these meals are merely rabbinic and not Torah law, women are obligated in all rabbinic Mitzvot with no difference than men. The Ramban (Shabbat 117a) writes that regarding the Mitzvot of Shabbat, there is no distinction at all between men and women. Several Rishonim explain varying reasons for this law, but they all agree that women are obligated in all three Shabbat meals and “double bread” at every meal.

Although Hagaon Harav Shlomo Kluger writes that women are not obligated in the Mitzvah of “double bread” and disagrees with several Rishonim for varying reasons, Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l rebuffs his opinion and wonders how he has the courage to reject the opinions of all of the above Poskim who all agree that women are indeed obligated in three Shabbat meals and “double bread” during each one (see Chazon Ovadia-Shabbat, Part 2, page 172).

Thus, halachically speaking, there is no distinction whatsoever between men and women regarding the obligation to eat three Shabbat meals and to have “double bread” during each of these meals, for women are completely obligated in these Mitzvot.

Nevertheless, it is customary in many communities nowadays that men eat Seuda Shelishit in the synagogue and as a result, women are lax and do not eat the third Shabbat meal or eat only some fruit and the like. This is an improper custom. The fine custom of Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l was that although he delivered many classes and lectures throughout Shabbat, he would nonetheless make it a priority to eat Seuda Shelishit at home with his wife and family in order to educate them and make sure they ate this special meal, in accordance with the Poskim and Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch.


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