newsletter Parashat Chukat

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
*********
Swim4Torah 5781

We set out at 11 am from Manchester and after heavy holiday traffic around Blackpool arrived at Ullswater around 1 pm, to find the north lakeside road blocked by an accident. We rerouted to the south side; the only parking spaces we could find were at a point where the lake is nearly double as wide as at the original destination. This did not deter our nine intrepid swimmers, and over half of us made it to the other side, three of whom did the reverse trip as well, swimming with impressive strength right to the finishing post. The others also traveled a fair distance and spent between one and two and three-quarter hours swimming in the cold water under a sunny sky, under the watchful eye of our lifeguard R' Yanky Breuer in an inflatable dinghy. The swimmers were presented with a towel with the Swim4Torah 5781 logo and were treated to a barbeque brought up from Manchester by R' Shmuel Oppenheimer, who was accompanied by boys from Moor Lane Shul who were awarded this trip because of their sterling efforts in fundraising for the campaign.
The campaign is now just under £700 short of its bonus goal of £30,000. If you have not as yet donated and would like to, the link is below.
 All the best 
Moshe Stamler 
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*****
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Mazal Tov 
to
Avy & Rachel Levy
on the safe arrival
of their new 
baby Boy

Sheyigadel Laberit Bizmana
Latorah Lahupa Ulema'asim tovim

Mazael tov to brothers
Shoham & Osher
*****
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Please pray for the 
refua shelema of 
Shemuel Chaim ben Aiysha
***
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******
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
6:00 pm Mincha followed by shiur
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Sephardic World
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לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

11:00

10:55

8:54

9:26

8:39

7:55

7:40

18/19 June

חקת

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Chukat

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. “Take a perfect Para Aduma (red heifer).” What does the word “perfect” temima mean in this context?
    19:2 – Perfectly red.
  2. How many non-red hairs disqualify a cow as a Para Aduma?
    19:2 – Two.
  3. man dies in a tent. What happens to the sealed metal and earthenware utensils in the tent?
    19:14,15 – The metal utensils are impure for seven days, even if they are sealed. The sealed earthenware vessels are unaffected.
  4. What happens to the one who: a) sprinkles the water mixed with the ashes of the Para Aduma; b) touches the water; c) carries the water?
    19:21 – a) Remains tahor; b) He, but not his clothing, contracts tumah; c) He and his clothing contract tumah.
  5. Why was the mitzvah of the Para Aduma entrusted to Elazar rather than to Aharon?
    19:22 – Because Aharon was involved in the sin of the Golden Calf.
  6. Why does the Torah stress that all of the congregation came to Midbar Tzin?
    20:1 – To teach that they were all fit to enter the Land; everyone involved in the sin of the spies already died.
  7. Why is Miriam's death taught after the law of Para Aduma?
    20:1 – To teach that just as sacrifices bring atonement, so too does the death of the righteous.
  8. During their journey in the midbar, in whose merit did the Jewish People receive water?
    20:2 – Miriam's.
  9. Why did Moshe need to strike the rock a second time?
    20:11 – After he hit it the first time, only a few drops came out since he was commanded to speak to the rock.
  10. When Moshe told the King of Edom that the Jewish People would not drink from the well-water, to which well did he refer? What do we learn from this?
    20:17 – To the well that traveled with the nation in the midbar. This teaches that one who has adequate provisions should nevertheless purchase goods from his host in order to benefit the host.
  11. The cloud that led the Jewish People leveled all mountains in their path except three. Which three and why?
    20:22 – Har Sinai for receiving the Torah, Har Nevo for Moshe's burial, and Hor Hahar for Aharon's burial.
  12. Why did the entire congregation mourn Aharon's death?
    20:29 – Aharon made peace between contending parties and between spouses. Thus, everybody mourned him.
  13. What disappeared when Aharon died?
    20:29 – The clouds of glory disappeared, since they sheltered the Jews in Aharon's merit.
  14. Which “inhabitant of the South” (21:1) attacked the Jews?
    21:1 – Amalek.
  15. For what two reasons did G-d punish the people with snakes specifically?
    21:6 – The original snake, which was punished for speaking evil, is fitting to punish those who spoke evil about G-d and about Moshe. And the snake, to which everything tastes like dust, is fitting to punish those who complained about the manna which changed to any desired taste.
  16. Why did the Jewish People camp in Arnon, rather than pass through Moav to enter Eretz Canaan?
    21:13 – Moav refused them passage.
  17. What miracle took place at the valley of Arnon?
    21:15 – The Amorites hid in caves in the mountain on the Moabite side of the valley in order to ambush the Jews. When the Jews approached, the mountain on the Eretz Canaan side of the valley moved close to the other mountain and the Amorites were crushed.
  18. What was the “strength” of Amon that prevented the Jewish People from entering into their Land?
    21:24 – G-d's command, “Do not harass them” (Devarim 2:19).
  19. Why was Moshe afraid of Og?
    21:34 – Og had once been of service to Avraham. Moshe was afraid that this merit would assist Og in battle.
  20. Who killed Og?
    21:35 – Moshe.
*****

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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

שאלה: שעון
מעורר, האם מותר להכינו מערב שבת, על מנת שיצלצל בעצם יום השבת
?

תשובה: הנה
לעצם עריכת והכנת השעון שיצלצל בשבת, לכאורה יש לדון בזה לאיסור, שהרי הזכרנו כבר
בעבר את דברי הברייתא במסכת שבת (דף יח.), “אין נותנים חטים
לתוך ריחים של מים כדי שיטחנו ביום השבת”. כלומר, אסור להכניס חטים
לפני כניסת השבת, לריחים (כעין מכונה לטחינת חטים, המופעלת על ידי תנועת גלגל מים
בשבת). ואף על פי שלא נעשית כאן כל מלאכה בשבת עצמה, שהרי מניחים את החטים מערב
שבת, והם הולכות ונטחנות מאליהן על ידי תנועת המים בשבת, מכל מקום, הואיל
והריחים משמיעות קול רעש בשבת, יש בזה משום זלזול בכבוד השבת
. ונחלקו רבותינו בגמרא אם להלכה אנו תופסים כדברי
הברייתא.  כי יש מי שמפרש שדברי הברייתא הם לכל הדעות, ולפיכך אסור להתחיל
מלאכה מערב שבת בדבר המשמיע קול בשבת עצמה, ויש אומרים שדברי הברייתא תלויים
במחלוקת אחרת בין בית שמאי לבית הלל, ולדעת בית הלל אין לחוש להשמעת קול שכזו
בשבת, ומותר להכניס חטים לריחים מערב שבת על מנת שיטחנו בשבת עצמה
.

ולהלכה פסק מרן השלחן ערוך (סימן רנב), שמותר
לתת חטים לתוך ריחים של מים סמוך לחשיכה
(לפני כניסת השבת),
ואין חוששים להשמעת קול שיאמרו ריחים של פלוני טוחנות בשבת. וכתב על זה
הרמ”א (שלאורו הולכים יוצאי אשכנז), ויש אוסרים בריחים
, וכן בכל דבר שיש
לחוש להשמעת קול, וכן נוהגים לכתחילה, אבל במקום הפסד יש להקל
.

ומעתה נבא לנדון שלנו, שלכאורה לפי דברי
הרמ”א שאסור לגרום שיצא קול רעש בשבת, כמו כן אסור לגרום להפעלת קול רעש
שגורם השעון מעורר, שהרי יש בזה זלזול בכבוד השבת, שנראה כאילו יהודי מפעיל את
השעון בשבת וגורם לרעש בשבת. ולפי זה למנהג האשכנזים יהיה אסור להפעיל שעון מעורר
שיצלצל בשבת
.

וכן פסק להלכה הגאון רבי משה פיינשטיין בשו”ת
אגרות משה (חאו”ח ח”ד סימן ע), שלמנהג האשכנזים ההולכים לאורו של
הרמ”א, יש לאסור הפעלת שעון  מעורר בשבת, אם הוא קול שנשמע גם מחוץ לחדר
שהוא נמצא בו. (אבל אם אין הקול חזק כל כך, ואינו נשמע אלא באותו חדר שהשעון נמצא
בו, אף הוא כתב להתיר). ומבואר מזה שדעתו של הגאון היתה להשוות הפעלת שעון מעורר
לכל כלי המחולל רעש בשבת
.

אולם מרן הרב עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל בתשובה
שהובאה בספר ילקוט יוסף (שבת א' עמ' פט) הביא דברי כמה אחרונים הסוברים שיש להקל
בזה אף לשיטת הרמ”א. שהרי לכל הדעות, אם אין הקול נשמע ממש מחמת פעולה שנעשית
שמיד לאחריה הוא בא, כמו בהפעלת ריחים
,
אלא רק לאחר זמן, אין לאסור בזה
מחמת השמעת קול. ועוד יש להוסיף על כך
,
שהרי רוב בני אדם אינם מכוונים בכל
יום את השעון שיצלצל, אלא הוא מוכן אצלם בכל יום ויום להקיצם משנתם. ובאופן כזה
בודאי שאין לאסור את הפעלת השעון בשבת, שהרי כתבו הפוסקים, (הובאו דבריו בבית יוסף
סימן שלח) שמותר להפעיל מערב שבת שעון שבכל שעה הוא מצלצל בקול רעש, הואיל והכל
יודעים ששעון זה הוא מוכן מאז ומתמיד, ואין מי שמפעילו בכל יום ויום, ובאופן כזה
לא שייך איסור כלל. וכן פסק הרמ”א להלכה
.

ועל כן העיקר להלכה, שבין לאשכנזים ובין לספרדים, מותר בהחלט להכין מערב שבת
שעון שיצלצל בשבת לעוררם משנתם. וכן העלה הגאון רבי אליעזר יהודה ולדנברג
ז”ל. ועוד רבים מגדולי הפוסקים
.

ובהלכה הבאה נדון בעזרת ה' עוד בענינים אלו.

Question: May one set an alarm clock to go off on Shabbat?

Answer: It
would seem to be prohibited to set an alarm clock to go off on Shabbat based on
the Baraita (Shabbat 18a) which states, “One may not place wheat into a
water-operated mill (before Shabbat) in order for the wheat to be ground on
Shabbat.” Although no forbidden work is being performed on Shabbat as the wheat
is being placed in the mill before the onset of Shabbat and it will only be
ground on Shabbat as a result of the water’s movement, nevertheless, since the
mill produces noise on Shabbat, this constitutes a disrespect for the Shabbat.
The Sages of the Talmud disagree whether or not the Halacha follows the opinion
of this Baraita. Some conform this Baraita to all opinions and it will
therefore be forbidden to begin any forbidden work before the onset of Shabbat
if it will continue on Shabbat and produce noise. Others explain that this
Baraita is contingent upon another related disagreement between Bet Shammai and
Bet Hillel such that according to Bet Hillel, there is no concern with such
noise being produced on Shabbat and it will be permissible to place wheat into
a mill before Shabbat in order for it to be ground on Shabbat itself.

Halachically speaking, Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch (Chapter
252) rules that “It is permissible to place wheat into a water mill shortly
before the onset of Shabbat and we are not concerned that as a result of the
noise, people will say that so-and-so’s mill operates on Shabbat.” The Rama, on
the other hand, rules: “Some rule stringently regarding a mill and anything
else which produces noise. We are indeed preferably concerned with this view;
however, in situations of financial loss, there is room for leniency.”

Based on the above, regarding our situation, it seems
that according to the Rama that one may not cause noise to be produced on
Shabbat, it will likewise be forbidden to set an alarm clock to go off on
Shabbat, for this constitutes a disrespect for the Shabbat as it seems that one
is operating the alarm clock on Shabbat and causing noise to emanate. According
to this, it will be forbidden for Ashkenazim to set an alarm clock to go off on
Shabbat.

Indeed, Hagaon Harav Moshe Feinstein zt”l rules
likewise in his Responsa Igrot Moshe (Orach Chaim, Volume 4, Chapter 70) and
writes that Ashkenazim, who follow the rulings of the Rama, may not set an
alarm clock to go off on Shabbat if it can be heard outside of the room it is located
in. (However, if the volume of the alarm clock is not so strong and can only be
heard within the room it is located in, even Harav Feinstein rules leniently.)
We see that Hagaon Feinstein equates the law of an alarm clock to a vessel
which produces noise on Shabbat.

Nevertheless, Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l (in
a response printed in Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, Part 1, page 89) quotes several
Acharonim who rule that there is room for leniency in this regard, even
according to the Rama’s opinion, for according to all opinions, if the noise is
not heard immediately after the action the individual performs, such as
regarding a mill, and is only heard later, there is no prohibition of producing
noise here. Additionally, most people do not set their alarm clocks to go off
every day; rather, it is already set to wake them up at the same time every
day. If this is the case, there is certainly no room to prohibit setting an
alarm clock for Shabbat, for the Poskim (quoted by the Bet Yosef in Chapter
338) that it is permissible before Shabbat to set a clock to go off and make
noise every hour of Shabbat since everyone knows that such a clock is set once
and no one sets it every day. The Rama himself quotes this as Halacha.

Thus, halachically speaking, it is permissible for
both Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews to set alarm clock before the onset of
Shabbat to go off on Shabbat. Hagaon Harav Eliezer Yehuda Waldenberg zt”l
and other great Poskim rule likewise.

In the next Halacha, we shall, G-d-willing, discuss some
more details of this law.

 

Newsletter Parashat Korach – Chodesh Tov

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
***********
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Tonight is 
Rosh Chodesh
Thursday & Friday
***********
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
6:00 pm Mincha followed by shiur
*****************
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Sephardic World
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****

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

10:56

10:55

8:54

9:22

8:35

7:52

7:40

11/12 June

קרח

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Korach

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. Why did Datan and Aviram join Korach?
    16:1 – Because they were his neighbors.
  2. Why is Yaakov's name not mentioned in Korach's genealogy?
    16:1 – Yaakov prayed that his name not be mentioned in connection with Korach's rebellion (Bereishet 49:6).
  3. What motivated Korach to rebel?
    16:1 – Korach was jealous that Elizafan ben Uziel was appointed as leader of the family of Kehat instead of himself.
  4. What did Korach and company do when Moshe said that a techelet garment needs tzizit?
    16:1 – They laughed.
  5. What warning did Moshe give the rebels regarding the offering of the incense?
    16:6 – Only one person would survive.
  6. Did Moshe want to be the kohen gadol?
    16-6 – Yes.
  7. What event did Korach not foresee?
    16:7 – That his sons would repent.
  8. What does the phrase rav lachem mean in this week's Parsha? (Give two answers.)
    16:7,3 – Rav lachem appears twice in this week's Parsha. It means “much more than enough greatness have you taken for yourself (16:3)” and “It is a great thing I have said to you (16:17).”
  9. What lands are described in this week's Parsha as “flowing with milk and honey”?
    16:12 – Egypt and Canaan.
  10. When did Moshe have the right to take a donkey from the Jewish community?
    16:15 – When he traveled from Midian to Egypt.
  11. What did Korach do the night before the final confrontation?
    16:19 – Korach went from tribe to tribe in order to rally support for himself.
  12. What sin did Datan and Aviram have in common specifically with Goliath?
    16:27 – They all blasphemed.
  13. Before what age is a person not punished by the Heavenly Court for his sins?
    16:27 – Twenty years old.
  14. What happens to one who rebels against the institution of kehuna? Who suffered such a fate?
    17:5 – He is stricken with tzara'at, as was King Uziyahu (Divrei HaYamim II 26:16-19).
  15. Why specifically was incense used to stop the plague?
    17:13 – Because the people were deprecating the incense offering, saying that it caused the death of two of Aharon's sons and also the death of 250 of Korach's followers. Therefore G-d demonstrated that the incense offering was able to avert death, and it is sin, not incense, which causes death.
  16. Why was Aharon's staff placed in the middle of the other 11 staffs?
    17:21 – So people would not say that Aharon's staff bloomed because Moshe placed it closer to the Shechina.
  17. Aharon's staff was kept as a sign. What did it signify?
    17:25 – That only Aharon and his children were selected for the kehuna.
  18. Why are the 24 gifts for the kohanim taught in this week's Parsha?
    18:8 – Since Korach claimed the kehuna, the Torah emphasizes Aharon's and his descendants' rights to kehuna by recording the gifts given to them.
  19. Who may eat the kodshei kodashim (most holy sacrifices) and where must they be eaten?
    18:10 – Male kohanim may eat them and only in the azara (forecourt of the Beit Hamikdash).
  20. Why is G-d's covenant with the kohanim called “a covenant of salt”?
    18:19 – Just as salt never spoils, so this covenant will never be rescinded.
*****

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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

פירוק דלתות וחלונות בשבת

שאלה: האם מותר לפרק בשבת דלת או חלון מהצירים עליהם הם
מונחים
?

תשובה:בהלכה
הקודמת
, ביארנו שאחת המלאכות שאסור לעשותן בשבת,
היא מלאכת “בונה”. וכשם שאסור לבנות בשבת, או להוסיף דבר במבנה, כמו כן
אסור בשבת לסתור דבר בנוי. וזו היא מלאכת “סותר
“.

ועתה
נבוא לדון בשאלה שלפנינו. כי דלתות הבית והחלונות, הרי הם קבועים בקירות הבית,
ומצד שני, הם בנויים בנפרד, ומונחים וקבועים באמצעות צירים או מסילות. ולכן יש
לדון, האם חיבור הדלת, או פירוקה בשבת, יש בהם חשש איסור משום בונה וסותר בשבת
?

והנה
רבינו הרמב”ם (בפ”י מהלכות שבת) כתב בזו הלשון: המחזיר בשבת דלת של בור
ושל דות ושל יציע, הרי זה תולדת בונה. כלומר, דלת שהיתה מפורקת לפני שבת, ובא אדם
וקבעה בחזרה בשבת, הרי זה חייב משום “בונה” בשבת. וכן המפרק את הדלת
בשבת
, חייב
משום “סותר
“.

וכן
פסק מרן השלחן ערוך (סימן שח), והסביר את הדבר, שמאחר והדלתות מחוברות לבנין
המחובר לקרקע, יש בזה איסור משום בנין וסתירה בשבת
.

ורבינו
הר”ן (שבת מז בהלכות) כתב, שבפירוק והחזרת דלתות בשבת, יש איסור משום בנין
ממש בשבת
.

ולפיכך
כתב הט”ז, שאותם שמסירים בשבת דלתות או חלונות, עוברים איסור מן התורה בשבת,
וחייבים קרבן חטאת. וכן פסק הגאון רבי חיים פלאג'י בספרו כף החיים
.

ואמנם
הגאון החזון איש (סימן נ אות י) כתב, שבדלתות וחלונות שלנו, שהם מונחים ברפיון,
וסובבים על צירים, ובקלות ניתן להסירם, אין איסור בנין וסתירה מן התורה, אלא
מדרבנן, וכן דעת עוד מגדולי הפוסקים בעיקר דין פירוק דלתות
, שאין בדבר איסור
ממש מן התורה. מכל מקום למעשה, בודאי שאסור לפרק בשבת דלתות או חלונות, וכן אסור
להחזירם בהחלט. (ועיין עוד בחזון עובדיה חלק חמישי עמוד רפג
).

ולסיכום: אסור לפרק או להחזיר דלתות וחלונות בשבת.

Disassembling Doors
and Windows on Shabbat

Question:
May
one remove a door from its hinges or a window from its frame on Shabbat?

Answer: In the previous
Halacha
we have
explained that one of the works forbidden on Shabbat is building. However, just
as it is forbidden to build something or add anything to a standing edifice on
Shabbat, it is likewise forbidden to demolish something already built. This is
called the forbidden work of demolishing on Shabbat.

Regarding our question, on one hand, the doors and windows of the house are
affixed to the walls of the house but on the other hand, they are built
separately and then mounted onto hinges or in frames. We must therefore discuss
whether or not mounting or removing a door on Shabbat constitutes the
prohibition of building or demolishing on Shabbat.

The Rambam (Chapter 10 of Hilchot Shabbat) writes as follows: “If one
reinstalls the door of a ditch, pit, or balcony, this is a subcategory of
building.” This means that if a door was taken apart before Shabbat and then
one comes and reinstalls it on Shabbat, he has transgressed the prohibition of
building on Shabbat. Similarly, disassembling a door on Shabbat constitutes the
prohibition of demolishing.

Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch (Chapter 308) rules likewise and explains that the
reason for this is because the doors are attached to an edifice which is
attached to the ground, the prohibitions of building and demolishing indeed
apply.

Rabbeinu Nissim (Shabbat, page 47 of the Rif) rules that disassembling and
remounting a door on Shabbat constitutes an actual prohibition of building and
demolishing on Shabbat.

Based on this, the Turei Zahav writes that those who remove doors or windows on
Shabbat transgress a Torah prohibition and they are obligated to bring a Chatat offering. Hagaon
Rabbeinu Chaim Palagi rules likewise in his Sefer Kaf Ha’Chaim.

On the other hand, Hagaon Chazon Ish (Chapter 50, Section 10) writes that
regarding our doors and windows which are installed loosely and swing on hinges
such that they are easily removed, the Torah prohibitions of building and
demolishing do not apply; there is only a rabbinic prohibition to do so. Other
great Poskim concur regarding the letter of the law of doors and windows (even
with regards to doors in those days) that this does not constitute an actual
Torah prohibition. Regardless, halachically speaking, it is absolutely
forbidden to disassemble or reinstall doors or windows on Shabbat (see Chazon
Ovadia-Shabbat, Part 5, page 283).

Summary: It is forbidden to disassemble or reinstall doors and windows
in Shabbat.

 


Newsletter Parshat Shelach – Shabbat Mevarechim

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
*****
This Shabbat is 
Shabbat Mevarechim Chodesh Tammuz
**
Rosh Chodesh Tammuz
is on
Wednesday night / Thursday & Friday
*****

Are YOU ready

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BRAVERY

On June 13th I will beH be leading a swim across Lake Ullswater and back. This epic trip will take place in the beautiful background of the Lake District in the refreshingly cold waters of Ullswater, which I will brave for up to several hours, together with a team of swimmers.

 Why at my age? To raise much-needed funds for an amazing cause: an outward looking community kollel based in a Sefardi shul in Manchester. Moor Lane is a shul intensely proud of its heritage, and is also proud to host a group of avreichim – all members of the Manchester Montefiore Kollel – a dedicated group of young men who are enthusiastically learning halacha to a high standard. They are also teaching Torah through a variety of forums and media, – one to one learning, shiurim, zoom, written publications – and putting on innovative programs for the youth, their parents and people of all ages in the Moor Lane community and beyond. 

Please help me to reach my target of £6000 to help fund this amazing organization. Please make this sporty undertaking go with a splash!

The campaign is running on this coming Sunday and Monday 6th and 7th June.

Every £ donated will reach the charity as all expenses are being sponsored.

You can donate in a variety of ways:

  • Follow this link: charidy.com/swim4torah/rabbistamler
  • By direct transfer to Royal Bank of Scotland Manchester Montefiore Kollel sort code 160001 account number 21005484 – please take a screenshot of payment and email it to me so that it can be added onto the campaign page.
  • By instruction to your voucher company using the above details, please confirm with me once done.
  • By post to 12 Ravensway Prestwich M25 0EU  [Cheques/vouchers made out to MMK]

Thank you so much and wishing you every success!

Moshe Stamler

******
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Attached to this email
****
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
*****************
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*******************
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Sephardic World
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Youtube page

The Pallache: Moroccan-Jewish diplomats in 17th Century Dutch court records

This week we are joined by Professor Gerard Wiegers to discuss the Pallache family.

Two cases before the Court of Holland (Hof van Holland) around 1612 shed an interesting light on the role of Sephardic Jews in the Netherlands in general, and on the Pallache family in particular. The cases deal with tensions within the Pallache family, whose heads, Samuel and Joseph, acted as the first agents of the Sultan of Morocco in the Dutch Republic. Eyewitness evidence by a whole range of people, from both inside and outside the household and by important figures in the Dutch Republic allow us to reconstruct the entanglements of Mediterranean lives of refugees in general and those of Moroccan Muslims, Iberian Moriscos, Converts to Islam and Sephardic Jews in The Hague and Amsterdam in particular. The cases will be dealt with in the revised new Hebrew edition of the book on Samuel Pallache by Mercedes García-Arenal and Gerard Wiegers to be published in Jerusalem in the second half of 2021.
 

Gerard Wiegers (PhD Leiden University 1991) is Full Professor of History of Religions and the Comparative Study of Religion in the Department of History at the University of Amsterdam. His research concentrates on the relations between Islam and other religions in Europe and the Muslim West, and the history of Islamic and Jewish minorities. He is a member of the editorial boards  of a number of books series in the field, such as the Medieval and Early Modern Iberian World (MEMIW)

The meeting is on Sunday 6 June 2021 at 11am in LA, 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam and 9pm Jerusalem. Patrons can join us on Zoom. The link is shared at our Patreon page at: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

Everyone is invited to join us for free at: https://www.youtube.com/SephardicGenealogyAndHistory/ Please subscribe to the YouTube channel. It helps us a lot and reminds you when we are going live!

Over the last year Sephardic World has become the leading forum for learning about Sephardic history and genealogy. We have no commercial sponsorship or public funding. There is no charge to attend our meetings or to view our content. If you are not a patron and can afford it, please consider supporting our work: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi
Best wishes,

Ton and David

****

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

10:47

10:45

8:55

9:16

8:29

7:47

7:30

4/5 June

שלח (ש''מ)

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Shelach

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. Why is the portion about the meraglim written immediately after the portion about Miriam's tzara'at?
    13:2 – To show the evil of the meraglim (spies), that they saw Miriam punished for lashon hara (negative speech) yet failed to take a lesson from it.
  2. To what was Moshe referring when he asked the meraglim “Are there trees in the land”?
    13:20 – Were there any righteous people in the land whose merit would “shade” the Canaanites from attack?
  3. Who built Hebron?
    13:22 – Cham.
  4. Which fruits did the meraglim bring back?
    13:23 – A cluster of grapes, a pomegranate and a fig.
  5. How many people carried the grape cluster?
    13:23 – Eight.
  6. Why did G-d shorten the meraglim's journey?
    13:25 – G-d knew the Jews would sin and be punished with a year's wandering for each day of the spies' mission. So He shortened the journey to soften the decree.
  7. Why did the meraglim begin by saying the land is “flowing with milk and honey”?
    13:27 – Any lie which doesn't start with an element of truth won't be believed. Therefore, they began their false report with a true statement.
  8. Why did the meraglim list Amalek first among the hostile nations they encountered?
    13:29 – To frighten the Jews. The Jewish People were afraid of Amalek because Amalek had once attacked them.
  9. How did Calev quiet the people?
    13:30 – He fooled them by shouting, “Is this all that the son of Amram did to us?” The people quieted themselves to hear what disparaging thing Calev wished to say about the “son of Amram” (Moshe).
  10. Why did the Land appear to “eat its inhabitants”?
    13:32 – G-d caused many deaths among the Canaanites so they would be preoccupied with burying their dead and not notice the meraglim.
  11. Besides the incident of the meraglim, what other sin led to the decree of 40 years in the desert?
    13:33 – The golden calf.
  12. On what day did Bnei Yisrael cry due to the meraglim's report? How did this affect future generations?
    14:1 – The 9th of Av (Tisha B'av). This date therefore became a day of crying for all future generations: Both Temples were destroyed on this date.
  13. “Don't fear the people of the Land…their defense is departed.” (14:9) Who was their chief “defender”?
    14:9 – Iyov.
  14. Calev and Yehoshua praised Eretz Canaan and tried to assure the people that they could be victorious. How did the people respond?
    14:10 – They wanted to stone them.
  15. “How long shall I bear this evil congregation?” G-d is referring to the 10 meraglim who slandered the Land. What halacha do we learn from this verse?
    14:27 – That ten men are considered a congregation.
  16. How is the mitzvah of challa different from other mitzvot associated with Eretz Yisrael?
    15:18 – The obligation to observe other mitzvot associated with Eretz Yisrael began only after the possession and division of the Land. The mitzvah of challa was obligatory immediately upon entering the Land.
  17. What is the minimum amount of challa to be given to a kohen according to Torah Law? Rabbinic Law?
    15:20 – No fixed amount is stated by the Torah. Rabbinic Law requires a household to give 1/24 and a baker to give 1/48.
  18. Verse 15:22 refers to what sin? How does the text indicate this?
    15:22 – Idolatry. “All these commandments” means one transgression which is equal to transgressing all the commandments – i.e. idolatry.
  19. Moshe's doubt regarding the punishment of the mekoshesh etzim (wood-gatherer) was different than his doubt regarding the punishment of the blasphemer. How did it differ?
    15:34 – Moshe knew that the mekoshesh etzim waliable for the death penalty, but not which specific means of death. Regarding the blasphemer, Moshe didn't know if he was liable for the death penalty.
  20. How do the tzitzit remind us of the 613 commandments?
    15:39 – The numerical value of the word tzitzit is 600. Tzitzit have eight threads and five knots. Add these numbers and you get 613.
*****

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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

מלאכת בונה

שאלה: האם מותר לטאטא בשבת את החצר בכניסת הבית, שיש בה חול
ואבנים קטנות
?

תשובה: אחת משלושים ותשע מלאכות שאסור
לעשותן בשבת, היא מלאכת “בונה”. כמו ששנינו במשנה במסכת שבת (דף קב:),
“הבונה כל שהוא – חייב”. כלומר, הבונה בשבת
, אפילו תוספת קטנה במבנה, הרי זה חייב משום חילול שבת.
כדין מי שהבעיר אש בשבת, או מי שבישל בשבת
.

והגדרת
המלאכה “בונה”, אינה דוקא בבנייה ממש, בהנחת לבנים עם מלט וכדומה, אלא
כל תיקון שהוא בגוף הבית, עלול להכנס בכלל מלאכת בונה. ובגמרא במסכת שבת (דף עג:)
אמרו, שכל המשוה פני הקרקע בשבת, חייב. וכן פסק הרמב”ם (בפרק עשירי מהלכות
שבת), שכל המשוה את פני הקרקע בשבת, כגון שמילא גומה, או שהשפיל תל חול, חייב משום
בונה. כלומר, מי שמטאטא את הבית בשבת, וקרקע הבית אינה מרוצפת, הרי זה חייב משום
בונה
.

ומכאן, שאסור בהחלט לטאטא בשבת
קרקע שאינה מרוצפת, שהרי בשעה שמטאטא את הקרקע
, בהכרח הוא “משווה גומות”, שמשווה את פני
הקרקע שתהיה חלקה וישרה, והוא איסור משום “בונה” בשבת, שהוא תיקון לקרקע
ולבנין
.

ואם
הוא מטאטא בחצר הבית בחוץ, יתכן שיש בדבר איסור משום חורש בשבת. ולכן בכל אופן,
אסור לטאטא בשבת כל קרקע שאינה מרוצפת, ורק בקרקע מרוצפת יש להקל. (ועיין בחזון
עובדיה שבת, ח”ב עמוד רעז, חלק ג עמוד מב, וחלק ד עמוד מד
).

ולסיכום: אין לטאטא בשבת רצפה שאינה
מרוצפת
.

The Forbidden Work of Building on Shabbat

Question: May one sweep the dirt and
small rocks in the front yard of one’s home on Shabbat?

Answer: One of the thirty-nine forbidden works on Shabbat is building,
as the Mishnah (Shabbat 102b) states, “One who builds on Shabbat, even if it is
a small addition to an existing edifice, is liable for Shabbat desecration.”
This prohibition is similar to one who has ignited a flame or cooked a food on
Shabbat.

The definition of “building” in the context of Shabbat is not specifically
building alone, such as by laying bricks, cement, and the like; rather, any
repair of one’s home is included in the prohibition of building. The Gemara
(Shabbat 73b) states that one who evens out earth is liable for Shabbat
desecration. Similarly, the Rambam (Chapter 10 of Hilchot Shabbat) rules that
one who evens out earth on Shabbat, such as by filling in a ditch, knocking
over a mound of dirt, and the like, has transgressed the Torah prohibition of
building on Shabbat. Thus, one who sweeps the floor of one’s home which has no
flooring (such as wood, tile, or carpet) has transgressed the prohibition of
building on Shabbat.

It is therefore absolutely forbidden to sweep unpaved earth on Shabbat, for
while sweeping, one is certainly evening out the earth and causing it to be
smooth and straight and thus transgresses the prohibition of building on
Shabbat by repairing or enhancing the earth or a building.

If one sweeps an outdoor yard, it is also possible that one is transgressing
the Torah prohibition of ploughing on Shabbat. It is therefore completely
forbidden to sweep any unfloored or unpaved earth on Shabbat; only when the
floor has flooring is there room for leniency (see Chazon Ovadia-Shabbat, Part
2, page 277, Part 3, page 42, and Part 4, page 44).

Summary: One may not sweep unpaved ground on Shabbat.

 

Newsletter Parashat Behaalotecha

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
**********
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Manchester Montefiore Kollel excels in Hilchot Shabbat

The Kollel was recently examined on Hilchot Shabbat by two local Dayanim, firstly by Dayan Y Berger, formerly of the London Beth Din and the Manchester Beth Din, and then by Dayan C Heimlich of MH. 

The avrechim were presented with she'elot, and were able to respond with an in-depth knowledge of the sugyot through the Shulchan Aruch and down to contemporary poskim in a way that impressed both the Dayanim. 

This high-quality learning, achieved side by side with the Kollel’s communal activities is something to be proud of.  

IMG_2452.JPG

The next few weeks will see this year's sponsored swim and the campaign. 

We look forward to you joining in with this so it goes with a splash! 

Is anyone up for the challenge of completing this swim? 

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Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
*****************
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Sephardic World
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Youtube page

Chasing Shadows – Bringing the Gomes da Costa family to life

Many Sephardic families escaped the Portuguese Inquisition. They are often shadows, ghostly figures about whom we can discern little more than the most basic facts. Yet, with perseverance and the extraordinary range of digitised resources now available, it is possible to learn much: where and how they lived, what they did, their struggles and triumphs.

 Ali Erginsoy has been studying his wife's Gomes da Costa ancestors. In his first talk he discusses how the family reached London, and their first generations in England. In a future talk he will discuss the family's subsequent history in Jamaica.

Ali Erginsoy is a former journalist at BBC television, including working on their flagship news programme, Newsnight. He is also a filmmaker and consultant. He is a regular contributor to the discussion of Sephardic genealogy.

The meeting is on Sunday 30 May 2021 at 11am in LA, 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam and 9pm Jerusalem. Patrons can join us on Zoom. The link is shared at our Patreon page at: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

Everyone is invited to join us for free at: https://www.youtube.com/SephardicGenealogyAndHistory/ Please subscribe to the YouTube channel. It helps us a lot and reminds you when we are going live!

Over the last year Sephardic World has become the leading forum for learning about Sephardic history and genealogy. We have no commercial sponsorship or public funding. There is no charge to attend our meetings or to view our content. If you are not a patron and can afford it, please consider supporting our work: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi
Best wishes,

Ton and David

****

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

10:36

10:35

8:58

9:08

8:21

7:40

7:20

28/29 May

בהעלתך

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Behaalotecha

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. Toward which direction did the wicks of the Menorah burn, and why?
    8:2 – They leaned toward the middle wick so people wouldn't say that the Menorah was lit for its light.
  2. From what material and in what manner was the Menorah made?
    8:4 – It was made from one solid piece of hammered gold.
  3. Moshe was commanded to cleanse the levi'im by sprinkling on them “mei chatat.” What is “mei chatat“?
    8:7 – Water containing ashes of the para aduma.
  4. Which three “t'nufot” (wavings) are in the parsha?
    8:11 – The wavings of Kehat, Gershon and Merari.
  5. Why did G-d claim the first-born of the Jewish People as His possession?
    8:17 – Because in Egypt He spared them during makat bechorot.
  6. Why are the words “Bnei Yisrael” repeated five times in verse 8:19?
    8:19 – To show G-d's love for them.
  7. When a levi reaches age 50, which functions may he still perform?
    8:25 – Closing the courtyard gates of the Mishkan and Beit Hamikdash; singing during the avoda; loading the wagons to transport the Mishkan.
  8. Why was the mitzvah of Pesach Sheini not commanded directly to Moshe?
    9:7 – The people who asked about it were rewarded by being the catalyst for the teaching of this mitzvah.
  9. What similarity is there between the Menorah and the trumpets?
    8:4, 10:2 – They were each made from a single, solid block.
  10. What three purposes did trumpet signals serve?
    10:2-7 – Announcement of the gathering of Bnei Yisrael, the gathering of the nesi'im, and the beginning of a move of the encampment.
  11. How many tribes marched between the Gershon-Merari detachment and that of Kehat? How was the time differential used?
    10:17-21 – Three: Reuven, Shimon and Gad. In the meantime Gershon and Merari set up the Mishkan.
  12. The tribe of Dan, who traveled last, was called “the gatherer of all the camps.” What did they gather?
    10:25 – They gathered and returned things lost by the other tribes.
  13. When the Jewish People entered the Land, who took temporary possession of Jericho?
    10:32 – The children of Yitro.
  14. Which aron is referred to in verse 10:33?
    10:33 – The aron which held the broken pieces of the first tablets, that was taken to the battlefront.
  15. Which two topics are out of chronological order in the parsha?
    9:1, 10:35,36 – The Pesach sacrifice, and the traveling of the aron.
  16. Which tastes did the manna not offer, and why not?
    11:5 – Cucumbers, melons, leeks, onion and garlic – these are harmful to nursing women.
  17. Moshe was commanded to choose 70 elders to help him lead the Jewish People. What happened to the elders who led the Jewish People in Egypt?
    11:16 – They were consumed in the fire at Taverah (11:3).
  18. Whom did Moshe choose as elders?
    11:16 – People who were supervisors in Egypt and had pity on Bnei Yisrael at risk to themselves.
  19. What was the prophecy of Eldad and Medad?
    11:28 – “Moshe will die and Yehoshua will lead the Jewish People into the Land.”
  20. Why did Miriam merit to have the people wait for her?
    12:15 – Because she waited for Moshe when he was cast into the river.
*****

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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

חימום תבשיל קרוש

שאלה: פשטידה, או בשר, שיש בו רוטב, אבל בשעה שהוא צונן,
השומן קרוש, ואינו נוזלי. האם מותר לחמם תבשיל כזה על גבי הפלאטה בשבת
?

תשובה: ביארנו, שמותר לחמם בשבת תבשיל
שנתבשל כבר לפני שבת. משום שאין איסור
בישול” בחימום תבשיל מבושל, שהרי “אין בישול אחר
בישול”. אולם כל זה דוקא בתבשיל שהוא “יבש”, אבל תבשיל
“לח” כגון מרק, מים וכדומה, אסור לחממו בשבת
, הואיל ו”יש בישול אחר בישול בלח”. (ויש
אופן להקל בזה כמו שביארנו
).

דברי
מרן השלחן ערוך

ולגבי
תבשיל “קרוש”. כתב מרן השלחן ערוך (סימן שיח סעיף טז) בזו הלשון: מותר
ליתן אינפאנדא (פשטידה של בצק ממולא חתיכות בשר ושומן) כנגד האש במקום שהיד סולדת
בו (במקום שמחמת החום התבשיל יתחמם מאד), אף על פי שהשומן שבה שנקרש חוזר ונימוח
.

כלומר,
דבר שהוא קרוש מחמת הקור, אין דינו כדבר לח לגבי “בישול אחר בישול”,
הואיל ובשעת ההנחה כנגד האש, הוא אינו “לח” אלא “יבש
“.

החולקים
בזה, והדין למעשה

ואמנם
יש שחלקו על דברי מרן השלחן ערוך בזה, ובראשם “הלבוש”. אולם הלכה למעשה
, פסק מרן רבינו
שליט”א בספרו חזון עובדיה (ח”ד עמוד שעא) שהעיקר להקל בדבר
. והביא כמה ראיות והסברים
לדבריו, והביא שכן כתבו בפירוש כמה מרבותינו הראשונים
.

ולסיכום: דבר שהוא נוזלי, אך עתה הוא
“קרוש
מחמת הקור, כגון שומן וכדומה, מותר להניחו על גבי פלאטה
חשמלית בשבת כדי שיתחמם, אף על פי שעל ידי החום הוא חוזר ונעשה נוזלי

 

Warming Up a Congealed Food

Question: May one warm up a quiche,
meat, or other such foods on an electric hotplate on Shabbat when they contain
sauce but when they are cold, the sauce is congealed?

Answer: We have explained that it is permissible to warm up a food on
Shabbat if has already been cooked before Shabbat, for this does not pose a
concern of “cooking” since “there is no cooking after cooking.” Nevertheless,
this only applies to a dry food; however, it is forbidden to warm up a liquid
food on Shabbat, such as soup or water, since “there is cooking after cooking
with regards to liquid foods.” (There is a permissible way to warm even such
foods up on Shabbat as we have discussed.)

The Opinion of Maran HaShulchan Aruch
Regarding congealed foods, Maran HaShulchan Aruch writes (Chapter 318, Section
16): “One may place an Empanada (dough filled with meat and fat-based gravy)
opposite the fire in a location where it can reach the temperature of ‘when
one’s hand recoils’ (104?-113? Fahrenheit) although the fat congealed inside it
will liquefy.”
This means that something that is congealed because it is cold is not
considered a “liquid” with regards to the law of “cooking after cooking” since
at the time it was placed next to the fire it was “dry”, not “liquid”.

The Opposing Views and the Bottom-Line Halacha
Several Poskim, including the Levush, disagree with Maran on this law. However,
Maran Harav Ovadia Yosef Shlit”a rules (in his Chazon Ovadia-Shabbat, Part 4,
page 371) that the Halacha follows Maran and one may act leniently. He proceeds
to bring reasons and sources to support his opinion and writes that many
Rishonim rule likewise.

Summary: Something which is usually a liquid but is now congealed
because it is cold, such as fat, sauce, and the like, may be placed on an
electric hotplate on Shabbat in order to warm it up although the heat will
cause the congealed item to liquefy

Newsletter Parashat Naso

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
*********
Please continue praying
for the safety of Kelal Yisrael
& our brothers in 
Eretz Yisrael
*******
New Gemara Shiur in Ivrit with Rabbi Harary
Starting Masechet Ta'anit 
Sunday 2nd April 6.25pm, 
Mincha & Arbit 7.25pm
****
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
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Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

10:23

10:20

9:02

8:58

8:12

7:32

7:20

21/22 May

נשא

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Naso

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. What is the significance of the number 8,580 in this weeks Parsha?
    4:47-48 – It is the number of leviim between ages thirty and fifty.
  2. Besides transporting the Mishkan, what other service performed by the leviim is referred to in this Parsha?
    4:47 – Singing and playing cymbals and harps to accompany the sacrifices.
  3. On which day did Moshe teach the command to send those who are temeim (ritually impure) out of the camp?
    5:2 – The day the Mishkan was erected.
  4. Name the three camps in the desert.
    5:2 – The camp of the Shechina was in the center, surrounded by the camp of Levi which was surrounded by the camp of Yisrael.
  5. Who was sent out of each of the camps?
    5:2 – A metzora was sent out of all three camps. A zav was permitted in the camp of Yisrael but excluded from the two inner camps. A person who was tamei from contact with the dead had to leave only the camp of the Shechina.
  6. A person stole from another and swore that he was innocent. If he later confesses his guilt, what are his obligations?
    5:6-8 – He pays the principle plus a fifth to the victim, and brings a korban asham.
  7. Who determines which kohen receives the gifts that must be given to the kohanim?
    5:10 – The giver.
  8. What does the Torah promise a person who gives matnot kehuna?
    5:10 – Great wealth.
  9. Why are the verses about matnot kehuna followed by the verses about the sotah?
    5:12 – To teach that someone who withholds the gifts due the kohanim is deserving of eventually bringing his wife to the kohanim to be tried as a sotah.
  10. Why is the sotah given water from the holy basin?
    5:17 – The holy basin was made from the mirrors of the righteous women who left Egypt; the sotah strayed from the example set by these women.
  11. What does the kohen do to the hair of a sotah?
    5:18 – He uncovers it.
  12. When a sotah who is guilty of adultery drinks the water, she dies in a very specific fashion. What happens to the adulterer?
    5:22 – He dies a similar death.
  13. Before the name of G-d is erased, the sotah has the option either to admit guilt or to drink the water. Does she have a third option?
    5:27 – Yes, she can refuse both: She can refuse to admit guilt and also refuse to drink the water. (After the Name of G-d is erased, she loses this option.)
  14. What are chartzanim? What are zagim?
    6:4 – Chartzanim are seeds. Zagim are peels.
  15. What sin does a Nazir commit against himself?
    6:11 – He abstains from enjoying wine.
  16. Where was the cut hair of a Nazir placed?
    6:18 – It was placed on the fire under the pot in which the nazirs shelamim offering was cooked.
  17. kohen should bless the people “with a full heart”. What word in the Parsha conveys this idea of “a full heart”?
    6:23 – “Amor.”
  18. What is the meaning of the blessing “May G-d bless you and guard you?”
    6:24 – “May G-d bless you” that your property may increase, “and guard you” from robbery.
  19. What is the meaning of the blessing “May G-d lift up His countenance upon you?”
    6:26 – “May He suppress His anger.”
  20. The tribe of Yissachar was the second tribe to offer their gifts. Why did they merit this position?
    7:18 – The Tribe of Yissachar was well versed in Torah. Also, they proposed the idea that the nesiim should offer gifts.
*****

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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

חייל בבית
כנסת ובכותל המערבי

שאלה: חייל
המצוייד בנשק, האם רשאי להכנס לבית הכנסת או לכותל המערבי עם הרובה או האקדח שעמו
?

תשובה: בספר
ארחות חיים, כתב בשם מהר”ם מרוטנבורג, אסור להכנס לבית הכנסת בסכין
(עם סכין) ארוך, מפני שהתפילה מאריכה חייו של אדם (כמו
שאמרו בברכות נד
🙂
והסכין מקצר ימיו. ומרן הבית יוסף
(סימן יז) הביא דברי הארחות חיים. וכן כתב רבינו הרשב”ץ. וכיוצא בזה שנינו
במכילתא, “ואם מזבח אבנים תעשה לי לא תבנה אתהן גזית (אבנים מסותתות), כי
חרבך הנפת עליה ותחלליה” (שסיתות אבנים הוא על ידי חרב). אמר רבי שמעון בן
אלעזר, המזבח נברא להאריך שנותיו של אדם, והברזל מקצר שנותיו של אדם, אינו רשאי
להניף המקצר על המאריך
.

ואף שכך דעת המהר”ם, מכל מקום רבינו פרץ
חולק על דעת המהר”ם בזה, וסובר שאין בזה איסור מן הדין. אבל אנו פוסקים להלכה
כדעת המהר”ם מרוטנבורג, שכן פסק מרן בשלחן ערוך (סימן קנא). ועל כן יש לאסור
להכנס לבית הכנסת עם חרב או סכין גדולה
.
אלא שדין זה אינו נפוץ כל כך
בזמנינו, שסתם בני אדם אינם נושאים עמם חרבות
, אולם יש לדון
מכאן לענין נשק אישי, שגם הוא מקצר ימיו של אדם, ועשוי מברזל, ואם כן מסתבר גם כן
שיש לאסור כניסה עם נשק אישי לבית הכנסת
.

והנה בהלכה הקודמת כתבנו, שנהגו
לכסות את הסכינים בשעת ברכת המזון, מפני שהסכין מקצר ימיו של אדם, וברכת המזון
מאריכה חייו, ועל כן נכון לכסות את הסכינים כמו שביארנו
. וכן פסק מרן
השלחן ערוך (סי' קפ). והקשה מכאן הטורי זהב, למה כתב המהר”ם שדוקא בסכין
“ארוך” אין להכנס לבית הכנסת, והרי לגבי ברכת המזון לא מצאנו חילוק בין
סכין ארוך לסכין קצר. ותירץ הטורי זהב, שבברכת המזון ניתן בקלות לכסות כל סכין שעל
השלחן, ולמה לא נעשה כן, מה שאין כן בבית הכנסת שיצטרך להסיר מעליו את הסכין לגמרי
ולמצוא מקום להניחו, וגם לעתים יש צורך להשתמש בסכין בבית הכנסת, ואז יצטרך ללכת
להחזירה, והיא טירחה יתירה, לכן לא הטריחוהו כל כך מפני סיבה זו. מה שאין כן בסכין
גדולה, שאין בה צורך כל כך
,
הטריחוהו שלא להכניסה כלל לבית
הכנסת
.

ומן האמור למד מרן אבינו מלכנו רבנו הקדוש רבי
עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל, לנדון דנן, שגם חייל שיש לו נשק, והוא חייב ללכת עם נשקו
בגלל סיבות בטחוניות, ואם יפרוק הנשק מעליו בבית הכנסת אפשר שיגרום לסכנה כלשהי,
רשאי להכנס לבית הכנסת עם הנשק שלו, שהרי במקרה כגון זה, לא הטריחוהו כל כך להמנע
מכניסה לבית הכנסת עם נשק. ומכל שכן אם יכסה את נשקו בבגדיו וכדומה, שאז יש מקום
יותר להקל בזה שיוכל להכנס בשופי לבית הכנסת עם נשק. והאריך עוד להביא סימוכין
לדבריו
.

וכן לגבי הכותל המערבי, שנכון מאד שיהרו החיילים
הנכנסים לשם לתפלה וכדומה, לכסות נשקם. אבל אם יש צורך בהצגת הנשק מסיבה בטחונית
וכדומה, הורה מרן רבינו זצ”ל (חזון עובדיה תענית, בסוף הספר), שיוכלו לסמוך
על סברת המיקלים בזה
.

ועל כן לסיכום, נכון ורצוי מאד
שחייל הנכנס לבית הכנסת להתפלל יכסה את נשקו תחת בגדיו
, ולא יראה החוצה.
ואם אי אפשר לו לכסותו, כגון רובה וכדומה, ויש צורך שישא עמו נשק בגלל סיבה
בטחונית וכיוצא בזה, רשאי להכנס עם נשק לבית הכנסת לתפילה. וכן הדין בכותל המערבי,
שקדושתו דומה לקדושת בית הכנסת
.

Entering a
Synagogue with a Weapon

Question: May a soldier or a citizen armed with a
pistol or a rifle enter a synagogue with his weapon?

Answer: The Mechilta (end of Parashat Yitro) states
regarding the verse, “And when you shall build Me a stone altar, you shall not
build it of hewn stone; for you will have waved your sword over it and
desecrated it”: “Rabbi Shimon ben Elazar said: The Altar was created to prolong
the life of man. Thus, one may not wave the ‘item that shortens’ (the item that
shortens man’s life, i.e. a knife) over the ‘item that lengthens’ (the item
that prolongs man’s life, i.e. the Altar).”

Similarly, regarding our question,
the Orchot Chaim (Hilchot Bet Ha’Kenesset, Section 7) writes in the name of
Maharam of Rottenberg that one may not enter a synagogue with a long knife, for
prayer prolongs one’s life and a knife shortens it. Although Rabbeinu Peretz
disagrees with the Maharam, Maran Ha’Shulchan Aruch (Chapter 151) rules in
accordance with the opinion of the Maharam of Rottenberg. It is thus forbidden
to enter a synagogue with a sword or a long knife. Although this law is not so
common nowadays since people do not carry around swords, we must nevertheless
discuss weapons such as rifles which are likewise made out of metal and shorten
lives. It would seem based on the above that it should be forbidden to enter a
synagogue with one’s personal weapon.

Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l
(in his Responsa Yechave Da’at Volume 5, Chapter 18) explains that the Maharam
does not prohibit entering a synagogue with a long knife only because a knife
shortens one’s life; rather, he has an additional reason for this which is due
to the respect of the synagogue, for it is disrespectful to enter a synagogue
when one is armed with a weapon. He proceeds to support his view.

In the previous Halacha we have explained that it is customary to
cover the knives on the table during Birkat Hamazon, for a knife shortens man’s
life while Birkat Hamazon lengthens it. Based on this, the Turei Zahav asks:
Why is it that it is only prohibited to enter a synagogue with a “long” knife?
We do not find such a distinction between a long or short knife regarding
Birkat Hamazon! He explains that regarding Birkat Hamazon where it is quite
easy to cover all of the knives on the table, there is no reason for one not to
do so. Nevertheless, regarding entering a synagogue where one will have to
remove the knife completely a find a place to leave it in addition to the fact
that there is sometimes a need to use a knife in a synagogue as well in which
case one will have to go get it, our Sages did not trouble an individual to
such an extent. However, with regards to a long knife which is not usually
necessary in a synagogue, our Sages troubled one not to enter the synagogue
with it at all.

Based on this, Maran zt”l
writes that when there is a pressing need for one to carry his weapon and
removing it proves to be a great hassle, it is not forbidden to enter a
synagogue with it, similar to the law of a small knife. He proceeds to quotes
sources and proofs to the fact that as long as there is a great need for one to
carry the weapon, there is no prohibition to enter the synagogue and pray while
armed with it.

Summary: It is preferable that an armed soldier
entering a synagogue to pray cover his weapon with his clothing. If this is not
possible, for instance, because one is armed with a large rifle, and there is a
great need for one to be carrying his weapon, such as due to security concerns
and the like, one may be lenient and enter the synagogue to pray in this
manner.

Newsletter Parashat Bamidbar & Shavuot

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
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Important Security 
As the situation in Eretz Yisrael continues to develop
we would like to ask members & mitpalelim to be cautious & vigilant 
when in the Bet Hakeneset building.

(1) Please ensure that all external doors 
(ie front door, back door, and both side doors) 
are kept closed and locked to people coming in from outside. 

Doors should not be kept open with people coming in and out 
(especially if the weather is warm), 
as it significantly increases the level of risk to members of the kahal 
– this would apply to the front door and also to the side door which leads to the back of the Bet Hakeneset.   

2) People coming in at the front can either use the code or knock to gain entry.  

3) children should not open the door 

4) only allow individuals who you know into the building 
  report suspicious people to police – 999 – and then CST  0161 792 6666


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Shavuot Time Table 
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also attached to this email
Please Note: 
Confirmation or cancelation for the hanetz (1st) minyan 
on the first day of Shavuot will be made on the 
Whatsapp minyan group 
an announcement will be made in the Bet Hakeneset
URGENT
If you are interested in attending the 
HaNetz minyan 
please contact
J Jacobs
ASAP
Tizke Lemitzvot
****
New Gemara Shiur in Ivrit with Rabbi Harary
Starting Masechet Ta'anit 
Sunday 2nd April 6.25pm, 
Mincha & Arbit 7.25pm
****
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
*****************
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********
Save the Date
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*****
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****

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

10:08

10:05

9:07

8:46

8:01

7:23

7:10

14/15 May

במדבר

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Bamidbar

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. Why were the Jewish People counted so frequently?
    1:1 – They are very dear to G-d.
  2. What documents did the people bring when they were counted?
    1:18 – They brought birth records proving their tribal lineage.
  3. What determined the color of the tribal flags?
    2:2 – Each tribes flag was the color of that tribes stone in the breastplate of the kohen gadol.
  4. What is the difference between an “ot” and a “degel“?
    2:2 – An “ot” is a flag, i.e., a colored cloth that hangs from a flagpole. A degel is a flagpole.
  5. How do we see that the Jews in the time of Moshe observed techum Shabbat – the prohibition against traveling more than 2,000 amot on Shabbat?
    2:2 – G-d commanded them to camp no more than 2,000 amot from the Ohel Moed. Had they camped farther, it would have been forbidden for them to go to the Ohel Moed on Shabbat.
  6. What was the signal for the camp to travel?
    2:9 – The cloud over the Ohel Moed departed and the kohanim sounded the trumpets.
  7. What was the sum total of the counting of the 12 tribes?
    2:32 – 603,550.
  8. Why are Aharon's sons called “sons of Aharon and Moshe”?
    3:1 – Since Moshe taught them Torah, its as if he gave birth to them.
  9. Who was Nadav's oldest son?
    3:4 – Nadav had no children.
  10. Which two people from the Book of Esther does Rashi mention in this week's Parsha?
    3:7 – Bigtan and Teresh.
  11. Why did the levi'im receive ma'aser rishon?
    3:8 – Since the leviim served in the Mishkan in place of everyone else, they received tithes as “payment.”
  12. Which groups of people were counted from the age of one month?
    3:15, 40 – The leviim, and the firstborn of Bnei Yisrae l.
  13. Name the first descendant of Levi in history to be counted as an infant.
    3:15 – Levis daughter Yocheved was born while the Jewish People were entering Egypt. She is counted as one of the 70 people who entered Egypt.
  14. Who assisted Moshe in counting the levi'im?
    3:16 G-d.
  15. Why did so many people from the tribe of Reuven support Korach in his campaign against Moshe?
    3:29 – The tribe of Reuven was encamped near Korach, and were therefore influenced for the worse. This teaches that one should avoid living near the wicked.
  16. Why did so many people from the tribes of Yehuda, Yissachar and Zevulun become great Torah scholars?
    3:38 – The tribes of Yehuda, Yissachar and Zevulun were encamped near Moshe, and were therefore influenced for the good. This teaches that one should seek to live near the righteous
  17. In verse 3:39 the Torah states that the total number of levi'im was 22,000. The actual number was 22,300. Why does the Torah seem to ignore 300 levi'im?
    3:39 – Each levi served to redeem a first-born of the Jewish People. Since 300 leviim were themselves firstborn, they themselves needed to be redeemed, and could therefore not redeem others.
  18. The firstborn males of the Jewish People were redeemed for five shekalim. Why five shekalim?
    3:46 – To atone for the sale of Yosef, Rachels firstborn, who was sold by his brothers for five shekalim (20 pieces of silver.)
  19. During what age-span is a man considered at his full strength?
    4:2 – Between the ages of 30 and 50.
  20. As the camp was readying itself for travel, who was in charge of covering the vessels of the Mishkan in preparation for transport?
    4:5 – The kohanim.
******
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

מנהגי חג השבועות

חלוקת שעות החג

בגמרא
במסכת ביצה (דף טו:) אמר רבי יהושע, מצות יום טוב, חציו לה' וחציו לכם
,
כלומר
שיש לחלק את הזמן ביום טוב, מחציתו לאכילה ושתיה וכדומה מעניני שמחת החג, ומחציתו
ללימוד התורה ותפילה, וכן פסק הרמב”ם (בפ”ו מהלכות יום טוב
(.

שטיחת
ענפים בבית הכנסת ובבית

כתב
הרמ”א (בהגה סימן תצד סעיף ג.) נוהגים לשטוח עשבים בשבועות, בבית הכנסת
ובבתים זכר לשמחת מתן תורה. ורבים מרבותינו האחרונים הביאו סימוכין למנהג זה, שיש
בו גם זכר למה שאמרו בגמרא (שבת פח:) כל דיבור שיצא מפי הקדוש ברוך הוא, נתמלא
העולם כולו ריח בשמים, כמו שנאמר “שפתותיו שושנים נוטפות מור עובר”. וכן
נוהגים להעמיד ענפי אילנות בבית הכנסת ובבתים, לרמוז למה שאמרו רבותינו במסכת ראש
השנה (טז.) בעצרת (היינו חג השבועות) נידונים על פירות האילן
.

אולם,
בספר חיי אדם, הביא שהגאון רבי אליהו מוילנא ביטל מנהג זה, משום שעכשיו נוהגים
הגויים להעמיד ענפי אילנות בימי חגיהם, ואם כן יש בזה איסור משום ובחוקותיהם לא
תלכו. אולם מרן הרב עובדיה יוסף שליט”א כתב, שהגאון מוילנא ביטל מנהג זה,
משום שהוא נמשך בזה לשיטתו שיש איסור משום ובחוקותיהם לא תלכו, בכל מנהגי הגויים,
אבל לשיטת המהר”י קולון ועוד פוסקים רבים, אין איסור זה נוהג אלא בחוק
שנוהגים הגויים בדרך חוק, דהיינו דבר שהוא בלי טעם, (שאז יש לחוש בו משום דרכי
האמורי ושיש בו שמץ עבודת כוכבים), או דבר שנהגו בו הגויים לשם פריצות וכדומה, אבל
במנהג שיש בו טעם אחר, כגון לבוש שלובשים אותו רופאים גויים, כדי שיהיה ניכר שהם
רופאים וכדומה, אין איסור לנהוג בו, ולכן יש להניח למנהג זה שיתקיים, שמנהג ישראל
תורה, ובפרט שמנהג זה הוא קדום מאד ונזכר גם בדברי חז”ל. (וכבר
הזכרנו
חילוק
נוסף בעניין חוקות הגויים בהלכה שעסקה בשאלת החיוב ללכת עם כיפה על הראש
).

מאכלי
חלב

כתב
עוד הרמ”א, שנוהגים בכמה מקומות לאכול מאכלי חלב ביום חג השבועות, והוסיפו
האחרונים שיש נוהגים לאכול גם דבש וחלב, לרמוז על מתן תורתינו שנמשלה לדבש וחלב,
ויש נותנים טעם למנהג מאכלי חלב בחג השבועות, מפני שבעשרת הדברות נתגלו לאבותינו
כל חלקי התורה ומצוותיה, וכמו שכתב רב סעדיה גאון שבעשרת הדברות כלולות כל מצוות
התורה, וכשירדו ישראל מההר אל בתיהם אחר מתן תורה
, לא מצאו מה
לאכול תיכף, זולת מאכלי חלב, כי לבשר היו צריכים הכנה רבה
, לשחוט בסכין
בדרך בלי פגם כאשר ציוה ה', ולנקר החלב וגיד הנשה, ולמלוח הבשר ולהדיחו, ועוד ועוד
עניינים רבים הקשורים לכשרות המאכלים. ולכן היו זקוקים למאכלי חלב, ואנו עושים זכר
לזה. ונאמרו אודות מנהג זה עוד טעמים אחרים
.

ומכיוון
שעל פי ההלכה אסור לאכול מאכלי חלב אחרי מאכלי בשר עד שיעברו שש שעות
(כפי שביארנו
בהלכות
בשר וחלב), לכן מנהגינו לאכול מאכלי חלב, ואחרי קינוח והדחה כמשפט (דהיינו אכילת
מעט פת וכדומה, ושתיית משקה, כפי
שביארנו
גם
כן בהלכות בשר בחלב,) אוכלים מאכלי בשר. ומצוה לאכול ביום טוב בשר בהמה, לקיים בזה
מצות שמחת החג, וכמו שאמרו במסכת חגיגה (ח:), אין שמחה אלא בבשר בהמה, וכן ישתה
יין לשמחת החג, אבל יזהרו להימנע משחוק וקלות ראש
, לפי שאין השחוק
והקלות ראש שמחה אלא הוללות, ולא נצטווינו אלא על שמחה שיש בה עבודת היוצר. אלא
ישמחו ביום טוב בדברים המותרים כגון לשורר בפה שירות ותשבחות להשם יתברך, וכן יש
להשתדל לעסוק בתורה ביום החג, וכתב מרן הרב שליט”א, שנכון ללמוד בספר המצוות
של הרמב”ם, ונכון גם כן לקרות בספר תהילים, כי פטירת אדונינו דוד המלך הייתה
ביום חג השבועות
.

מי
שאינו יכול לקיים את שמחת החג בבשר, מטעמי בריאות או כשרות, יקיים מצות שמחתו בבשר
עוף. וכל מה שאמרנו שאין שמחה אלא בבשר ויין, היינו לאנשים, אבל הנשים יש לשמחן
בבגדים יפים או תכשיטים נאים וכדומה. ויש לשמח את הילדים בקליות ואגוזים וממתקים
וכדומה
.

שמחת
עניים

נאמר
בתורה (דברים טז) ושמחת בחגך אתה ובנך ובתך והלוי והגר והיתום והאלמנה אשר בקרבך.
לפיכך חייב אדם לשמח עמו ברגל את העניים והאביונים והאלמנות והיתומים, והיא חובה
קדושה

Customs of the Shavuot Holiday

Division of the Holiday Hours

The Gemara in Masechet Beitzah (15b) tells us: “Rabbi Yehoshua says: The
Mitzvah of the holiday is half for Hashem and half for you.” This means that
one should apportion his time on Yom Tov half for eating, drinking, and other
Yom Tov festivities and half for Torah learning and prayer. The Rambam (Chapter
6 of Hilchot Yom Tov) rules likewise.

Adorning the Synagogue and One’s Home with Plants
The Rama writes (in his notation on Chapter 494, Section 3) that it is
customary to scatter plants throughout the synagogue and one’s home on the
holiday of Shavuot in commemoration of the joy of the giving of the Torah. Many
Acharonim bring another source for this custom based on the Gemara in Masechet
Shabbat (88b) which states that after every commandment uttered by Hashem, the
entire world was filled with a fragrant smell, as the verse states, “His lips
are like roses dripping with passing myrrh.” It is likewise customary to lay
tree branches in the synagogue and in one’s home in order to hint to the Gemara
in Masechet Rosh Hashanah (16a) that on Shavuot we are judged regarding the
fruits of the tree.

However, the Sefer Chayei Adam writes that Rabbeinu Eliyahu of Vilna
discontinued this custom, for nowadays, the non-Jews place tree branches in
their homes during their holiday. This therefore constitutes the prohibition to
follow the practices of the non-Jews. Nevertheless, Maran Harav Ovadia Yosef
Shlit”a writes that the Gaon of Vilna writes that this constitutes the
prohibition to follow the practices of the non-Jews in accordance with his own
opinion that this prohibition applies to all non-Jewish practices. However,
according to Rabbeinu Yosef Cologne and many other Poskim who rule likewise,
this prohibition only applies to those practices which are observed which have
no reason behind them (for only then are we concerned about “Emorite ways” and
the possibility of idolatrous rituals) or to those customs which are observed
for immoral purposes and the like. Nonetheless, if it is a custom which is
observed for a specific reason, such as if a garment is worn by non-Jewish doctors
in order for them to be recognizable as doctors, a Jewish doctor may follow
this custom and wear the garment as well. Therefore, this custom may indeed be
observed, for the custom of the Jewish people is law, especially when the
custom in question is very ancient and quoted by our Sages.

Eating Dairy Foods
The Rama (ibid.) continues and writes that several places have the custom to
eat dairy foods on the day of Shavuot. Some Acharonim add that it is customary
to eat milk and honey together as well hinting to the acceptance of our holy
Torah which is compared to milk and honey. Some explain that the reason for
eating dairy foods on Shavuot is because when our forefathers were given the
Ten Commandments, the rest of the Torah and its commandments were revealed to
them as well (as Rav Sa’adia Gaon writes that all of the Mitzvot are included
in the Ten Commandments). When the Jewish people returned to their homes after
receiving the Torah, they did not find anything ready to eat besides for dairy
items, for eating meat now involved much preparation including slaughtering the
animal with a knife free of imperfections, removing the forbidden fats and
sinews, salting the meat and washing it off as well as many other laws
pertaining to the kosher dietary laws. They therefore made due with dairy
foods; we eat dairy items in commemoration of this. Many other reasons are
given for this custom.

Since Halacha prohibits eating dairy foods for six hours after eating meat, we
therefore customarily eat the dairy foods first and only after washing one’s
mouth out in accordance with Halacha by eating some bread and drinking some
beverages do we eat meat. One should eat meat on Yom Tov in order to fulfill
the Mitzvah of joy of Yom Tov, as the Gemara in Masechet Chagiga (8b) states
that one experiences true joy only by eating meat. One should likewise drink
wine in honor of the joy of Yom Tov. One should nevertheless abstain from
frivolity and unruliness, for we have only been commanded to experience a joy
through which one can serve Hashem. One should rejoice by performing
permissible actions, such as singing the praises of Hashem and his holy Torah.
One must likewise try his utmost to learn Torah during the day of Shavuot as
well. Maran Harav Shlit”a writes that one should also learn from the Rambam’s
Sefer Ha’Mitzvot. It is also proper to recite Tehillim on this day, for the
holiday of Shavuot marks the anniversary of the passing of King David.

If one is unable to fulfill the Mitzvah of rejoicing on Yom Tov with beef due to
health or kashrut concerns, he should fulfill his obligation with chicken
instead. Regarding what we have said that true joy only comes through consuming
meat and wine, this only applies to men; women, however, should be gladdened
with nice clothing, jewelry, and the like. Children should be gladdened with
nuts, sweets, and the like.

Gladdening the Needy The Torah (Devarim 16) states: “And you shall be
glad during your holiday; you, your son, your daughter, the Levite, the
convert, the orphan, and the widow in your midst.” One must therefore gladden
the hearts of the poor, widows, and orphans during the holiday as well and this
is a truly important obligation

 


Nesletter Parashat Behar Bechukotai – Shabbat Mevarechim

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
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This Shabbat 
is
Shabbat Mevarechim
Rosh Chodesh Sivan 
is on
Tuesday night 11/5 / Wednesday 12/5 
****
Shavuot Time Table 
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also attached to this email
****
New Gemara Shiur in Ivrit with Rabbi Harary
Starting Masechet Ta'anit 
Sunday 2nd April 6.25pm, 
Mincha & Arbit 7.25pm
****
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
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Save the Date
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*****
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לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:53

9:50

9:13

8:34

7:50

7:14

7:00

7/8 May

בהר־בחקותי  (ש''מ)

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Behar Bechukotai

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated.

Behar

  1. Why does the Torah specify that the laws of shemita were taught on Har Sinai?
    25:1 – To teach us that just as Shemitta was taught in detail on Har Sinai, so too, all the mitzvot were taught in detail on Har Sinai.
  2. If one possesses shemita food after it is no longer available in the field, what must he do with it?
    25:7 – Remove it from his property and declare it ownerless.
  3. The Torah commands, “You shall sanctify the fiftieth year.” How is this done?
    25:10 – At the beginning of the year the Beit Din declares, “This year is kadosh (sanctified).”
  4. Which two “returns” are announced by the shofar during yovel?
    25:10 – The return of the land to its original owner, and the “return” (freedom) of the slave from slavery.
  5. From where does the yovel year get its name?
    25:10 – From the sounding of the shofar. A ram's horn is called a yovel.
  6. What prohibitions are derived from the verse “v'lo tonu ish et amito — a person shall not afflict his fellow”?
    25:17 – One may not intentionally hurt people's feelings, nor give bad advice while secretly intending to reap benefit.
  7. What is the punishment for neglecting the laws of shemita?
    25:18 – Exile.
  8. If shemita is observed properly, how long is the crop of the sixth year guaranteed to last?
    25:21,22 – From Nissan of the sixth year until Sukkot of the ninth year.
  9. After selling an ancestral field, when can one redeem it?
    25:24 – After two years following the sale, until yovel. At the beginning of yovel it returns to the family automatically.
  10. Under what circumstance may one sell ancestral land?
    25:25 – Only if one becomes impoverished.
  11. If a home in a walled city is sold, when can it be redeemed?
    25:29 – Only within the first year after the sale. Afterwards, even in yovel, it does not return.
  12. What does the word “days” mean in this week's Parsha?
    25:29 – The days of an entire year.
  13. What is considered a walled city?
    25:29 – A city that has been surrounded by a wall since the time of Yehoshua.
  14. Why does the Torah say in 26:46 “Torot” (plural) and not “Torah” (singular)?
    25:35 – A non-Jew who lives in Eretz Yisrael and accepts upon himself not to worship idols.
  15. To what is one who leaves Eretz Yisrael compared?
    25:38 – To one who worships idols.
  16. If a person says “The leg of this animal shall be an olah offering” the animal is sold and sacrificed as an olah offering. What is the status of the money received for the animal?
    25:38 – The prohibition against taking interest is accompanied by the phrase, “I am the L-rd your G-d who took you out of Egypt.” Rashi explains that just as Hashem discerned in Egypt between those who were firstborn and those who were not, so too will Hashem discern and punish those who lend with interest, pretending they are acting on behalf of others.
  17. List three prohibitions which demonstrate the dignity with which one must treat a Jewish indentured servant.
    25:39-43 –
    1.Do not make him perform humiliating tasks.
    2.Do not sell him publicly.
    3.Do not make him perform unnecessary jobs.
  18. Who supports the family of the Jewish indentured servant during his years of servitude?
    25:41 – His master.
  19. If a Jew is sold as a servant to a non-Jew, does he go free after six years?
    25:54 – No. If he is not redeemed with money, he must wait until the yovel to go free.
  20. Where is it permitted to prostrate oneself on a stone floor?
    26:1 – In the Mikdash.

Bechukotai

  1. To what do the words “bechukotai telechu” (walk in My statutes) refer?
    26:3 – Laboring in Torah learning.
  2. When is rain “in its season?”
    26:4 – At times when people are not outside (e.g., Shabbat nights).
  3. What is the blessing of “v'achaltem lachmechem l'sova” (and you shall eat your bread to satisfaction)?
    26:5 – You will only require a little bread to be completely satisfied.
  4. What is meant by the verse “and a sword will not pass through your land”?
    26:6 – No foreign army will travel through your land on their way to a different country.
  5. Mathematically, if five Jewish soldiers can defeat 100 enemy soldiers, how many enemy soldiers should 100 Jewish soldiers be able to defeat?
    26:4 – Two thousand.
  6. How much is “revava“?
    26:4 – Ten thousand.
  7. Which “progression” of seven transgressions are taught in Chapter 26, and why in that particular order?
    26:14,15 – Not studying Torah, not observing mitzvot, rejecting those who observe mitzvot, hating Sages, preventing others from observing mitzvot, denying that G-d gave the mitzvot, denying the existence of G-d. They are listed in this order because each transgression leads to the next.
  8. What is one benefit which the Jewish People derive from the Land of Israel's state of ruin?
    26:32 – No enemy nation will be able to settle in the Land of Israel.
  9. What was the duration of the Babylonian exile and why that particular number?
    26:35 – 70 years. Because the Jewish People violated 70 Shemitta and yovel years.
  10. How many years did the Jewish People sin in Israel up till the time the northern tribes were exiled?
    26:35 – 390 years.
  11. In verse 26:42, the name Yaakov is written with an extra “vav.” From whom did Yaakov receive this extra letter and why?
    26:42 – In five places in the Torah, Yaakov's name is written with an extra “vav” and in five places the name Eliyahu is missing a “vav.” Yaakov “took” these vavs as a pledge that Eliyahu will one day come and announce the redemption of Yaakov's children.
  12. What positive element is implied by the words “and I will bring them into the land of their enemies?”
    26:41 – G-d Himself, so to speak, will bring them into their enemies' land. This means that even when the Jews are in exile, G-d will supply them with leaders who inspire them to keep the Torah. This guards the Jews from assimilating into the host culture.
  13. In verse 26:42, why is the word “remember” not used in connection with the name of Yitzchak?
    26:42 – Because the image of Yitzchak's ashes (who was prepared to be brought as an offering) upon the altar is always before G-d.
  14. Why does the Torah say in 26:46 “Torot” (plural) and not “Torah” (singular)?
    26:46 – To teach that both the Written Torah and the Oral Torah were given to Moshe on Har Sinai.
  15. What happens when a poor person dedicates the value of a man to the Beit Hamikdash and doesn't have sufficient funds to fulfill his vow?
    27:8 – The person whose value was donated goes before the kohen, who sets the obligation according to the poor person's ability to pay.
  16. If a person says, “The leg of this animal shall be an olah offering” the animal is sold and sacrificed as an olah offering. What is the status of the money received for the animal?
    27:9 – The money is “chullin,” meaning it does not have “holy” status, except for the value of the animal's leg which does have “holy” status.
  17. If a person dedicates his ancestral field to the Beit Hamikdash and fails to redeem it before yovel what happens to the field?
    27:16 – It becomes the property of the kohanim who are on rotation at the beginning of yovel.
  18. Where must “ma'aser sheini” be eaten?
    27:30 – In Jerusalem.
  19. When a person redeems “ma'aser sheini” what happens to the food? What happens to the redemption money?
    27:31 – The food becomes permissible to him outside of Jerusalem. The redemption money must be brought to Jerusalem and used to purchase food to be eaten there.
  20. How does a person tithe his animals?
    27:32 – He passes them through a door individually and he marks every tenth animal with a rod smeared with red dye.
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

חג השבועות

נאמר בפרשת מתן תורה,
“ויסעו מרפידים ויבאו מדבר סיני, ויחנו במדבר, ויחן שם ישראל נגד ההר”.
(שמות יט
).

רבינו
חיים בן עטר, ה”אור החיים” הקדוש הקשה, שהרי בפסוקים שקודם לכן כבר נאמר
לצאת בני ישראל מארץ מצרים, ביום הזה באו מדבר סיני”,
ואם כן לכאורה, מדוע כפלה התורה וכתבה שוב “ויחנו במדבר”, הרי ברור הדבר
שאם הגיעו למדבר גם חנו שם, ואם כן מה באה ללמדינו התורה בדבר זה
?

ומסביר
האור החיים הקדוש, כי פסוק זה בא ללמדינו שלשה עיקרים בקבלת התורה, שמבלעדי שלשת
הדברים הללו אי אפשר היה לקבל את התורה, ועל ידם נתרצה הקדוש ברוך הוא לתת לבני
ישראל את התורה
.

הראשון,
“ויסעו מרפידים”, שקודם קבלת התורה
, היו עם ישראל ברפיון ידים ועצלות גדולה, כדרכם של
עבדים משוחררים, ואף על פי כן הם הכינו עצמם והתגברו על מדותיהם הטבעיות, לקבל את
התורה בזריזות ובחשק, וקבלו על עצמם שלא להתעצל בלימוד התורה. כי כך טבע הדבר
בלימוד התורה, שדברי תורה צריכים חיזוק כל העת, ולכן התורה טורחת בכל פעם שהיא מזכירה
ענין לימוד התורה, לתת תוספת חיזוק, כמו שנאמר “לא ימוש ספר התורה הזה מפיך,
והגית בו יומם ולילה, הלא צויתיך חזק ואמץ”, וכן על זה הדרך
. ולפיכך הוצרכה התורה
לציין “ויסעו מרפידים”, שהיו נרפים מאד, ברפיון ידיים
, ואף על פי כן זרזו עצמם
לקבלת התורה בחשק ושמחה
, ו”יסעו”
מאותו הרפיון שהיה להם קודם לכן. שזהו עיקר גדול ותנאי לזכות לכתרה של תורה
.

העיקר
השני, “ויבאו מדבר סיני ויחנו במדבר”, שהכוונה בזה שהגיעו עם ישראל
למדרגה רוחנית שהיא בבחינת מדבר, שהכל דשין ודורכין עליו, והוא מקום הפקר לכל
, כמו כן ישראל הגיעו למצב
של ענווה ושיפלות רוח, כי מבלעדי זה אי אפשר לזכות לתורה, כי אין התורה שורה על
גסי הרוח, ועל כן משה רבינו זכה שהוא יקבל את התורה, לפי שהוא היה סמל ואות למופת
של ענוה גדולה שלא היה עוד כמותה. גם לא ניתנה התורה אלא על ההר הנמוך שבהרים, הר
סיני, כי אין השכינה שורה על גסי הרוח וגבהי הלב, ורק בזכות הענוה זכו ישראל לכתר
תורה
.

והעיקר
השלישי, “ויחן שם ישראל כנגד ההר”, אשר כמו שפירשנו כבר, לשון
“ויחן” הוא לשון יחיד, מפני שעם ישראל באותו הזמן היתה בינהם אחדות
גדולה, כאיש אחד בלב אחד, וגם זה הוא תנאי גדול לזכות לתורה, כי אין קבלת התורה רק
ליחידים שבישראל, אלא דוקא לכל כלל ישראל יחד, ועל כן התורה צריכה תמיד להיות
נלמדת בציבור, ואמרו רבותינו “חרב אל הבדים”, חרב אל אותם שלומדים בד
בבד, כלומר לבדם, כי אין אדם זוכה לישרות בתורה, אלא כשהיא נלמדת עם עוד אדם,
שיעיר את תשומת לב חבירו כשהוא טועה בלימוד. (ואחר שידע כבר את עיקרי לימוד התורה
בדרך נכונה, יוכל ללמוד לבדו מתוך ספרי האחרונים, אשר גם על ידי העיון בהם יוכל
לעמוד על טעותו), ואשרי העם שהם באים בליל שבועות ללמוד תורה בציבור
, במקום שהשכינה שורה בו,
אשר על כגון זה נאמר “ויחן שם ישראל כנגד ההר”, כי כאיש אחד, זכו לקבל
את התורה, וכמו כן אנו, נזכה לאורה של תורה, משאת חיינו, בזכות ענוה ושפלות רוח,
לקבל מהגדולים מאיתנו את האמת, ולהודות תמיד על האמת, ולהשתדל כמה שאפשר להיות
באחדות גדולה, שמתוך כך תשרה עלינו השכינה הקדושה, ונזכה לכתרה של תורה

The Holiday of Shavuot

Regarding the giving of the
Torah, the Torah states (Shemot 19): “And they travelled from Refidim and they
arrived at the Sinai desert and they camped in the desert; and Israel camped
there opposite the mountain.”

Rabbeinu Chaim ben Atar, the saintly “Or Ha’Chaim,” asks that in the previous
verses the Torah states, “On the third month of the Jewish nation leaving
Egypt, on this day they had come to the Sinai desert.” If so, why does the
Torah repeat the fact that they “camped in the desert”? Is it not clear that if
they arrived at the desert that they camped there as well? What does the Torah
mean to teach us by writing this?

The saintly Or Ha’Chaim explains that the Torah is trying to convey to us three
key principles regarding receiving the Torah without which accepting the Torah
would have been impossible and because of which Hashem decided to give us the
Torah.

The first is “Travelling from Refidim” (in Hebrew, “Refidim” is similar to the
word “Rifyon” meaning laxity) before the giving of the Torah, for the Jewish
nation experienced great carelessness and lethargy as all freed slaves do and
even so, they prepared themselves and overcame their natural character-traits
in order to be able to accept the Torah in a zealous and energetic manner by
accepting upon themselves not to become lazy in their Torah learning. This is
indeed the natural course of Torah learning that the Torah needs strengthening
and recommitment at all times. It is for this reason that any time the Torah mentions
learning Torah, the Torah adds a boost of encouragement as the verse states,
“This Sefer Torah shall not budge from your lips and you shall delve in it day
and night etc. have I not commanded you to be strong and courageous?” The Torah
therefore needed to point out that they “travelled from Refidim,” for they had
truly been slacking off, but even so they had energized themselves to accept
the Torah with desire and joy and they had thus “travelled away” from the
laxity they possessed beforehand, for this is a great principle and important
condition for meriting receiving the Torah’s crown.

The second principle is “And they arrived at the Sinai desert and they camped
in the desert.” This means that the Jewish nation reached the lofty level
wherein they made themselves like a desert which is ownerless and everyone
walks through and tramples on. Similarly, the Jewish nation reached a high
level of humility and submissiveness, for without doing so, one cannot merit
accepting the Torah as the Torah does not identify itself with the arrogant. It
is also for this reason that Moshe Rabbeinu was the one chosen to receive the
Torah, for he served as an outstanding symbol of extreme humility, the likes of
which the world had never seen. Additionally, the Torah was given only on the
lowest of mountains, Mount Sinai, for Hashem’s presence does not rest on the
arrogant and the haughty and only because of their humility did the Jewish
nation merit receiving the crown of Torah.

The third principle is “And Israel camped there opposite the mountain.” The
Torah uses the singular form of the word “camped” in order to teach us that the
Jewish nation was completely unified at that time, like one man with one heart.
This also serves as an important condition in order to receive the Torah, for
the Torah was not given to individuals among the Jewish nation; rather, it was
given to the entire nation as one. It is for this reason that the Torah must be
read in public. Indeed the verse states, “May a sword be to the loners” referring
to those who learn Torah alone, for one cannot merit having a correct
understanding of the Torah unless he learns with someone else who will be able
to bring the errors he has made in his learning to his attention. (Once one
masters the principles for how to properly learn Torah, one may then learn from
the works of the Acharonim alone, for by delving in them one will likewise be
able to realize if he has erred.) Praiseworthy is the nation whose people come
together to learn Torah on the night of Shavuot in a place where the holy
presence of Hashem rests. Regarding this does the verse state, “And Israel
camped there opposite the mountain,” for they merited receiving the Torah as
one. May we likewise merit gleaning from the eternal light of the Torah by virtue
of our true humility through accepting the true interpretation of the Torah
from those greater than us and admitting that their interpretation is indeed
true. Let us try our very best to always be completely unified, for this will
cause Hashem to rest His holy presence on us and we will thereby merit
receiving the crown of the Torah

 

 

חג
השבועות

נאמר בתורה
(שמות יט, אודות זמן מתן תורה), “בחודש השלישי לצאת בני ישראל מארץ מצרים,
ביום הזה באו מדבר סיני
“.

רבותינו במדרש
(פסיקתא) הקשו, ומדוע לא ניתנה תורה לישראל עד החודש השלישי (כלומר
,
חודש
סיון, שהוא השלישי לחודשי השנה לפי מנין התורה) וחיכה הקדוש ברוך הוא עד החודש
השלישי? אמר רבי לוי, משל לבן מלך שהיה חולה ונתרפא, בקשו לשלוח אותו ללימודים,
אמר להם המלך, עדיין לא חזר זיו פניו אליו, ואיך יוכל ללמוד? אלא יתעדן שני ושלשה
חודשים במאכל ומשקה, ואחר כך יחזור ללמוד
.

כך עם ישראל,
כיון שיצאו ממצרים, היו ראויים לקבל את התורה, אמר הקדוש ברוך הוא, עדיין לא בא
זיון של בני משיעבוד טיט ולבנים והם מקבלים את התורה? אלא יתעדנו בני שנים ושלשה
חודשים באכילת המן ובשליו, ואחר כך יקבלו את התורה
. ואימתי? בחודש
השלישי
.

חסד גדול עשה ה'
יתברך עמנו שנתן לנו את תורתו תורת אמת וחיי עולם נטע בתוכינו, אבל חסד בתוך החסד
הוא, שכאשר נתן לנו את התורה, בקש לתת אותה בידינו כשאנו בריאים בגוף, ולא בטירוף
מיד בצאתנו ממצרים. ואף על פי שיכול היה ה' יתברך לעשות נס, ולחזק את בני ישראל
כהרף עין, מכל מקום כבר כתבנו שרוצה הקדוש ברוך להנהיג את עולמו עד כמה שניתן בדרך
הטבע, ולכן חיכה לנו שנים ושלשה חודשים, ורק אז נתן לנו את התורה
.

אמרו במסכת סוטה
(יד.) התורה, תחילתה גמילות חסדים וסופה גמילות חסדים, תחילתה גמילות חסדים, שנאמר
“ויעש ה' לאדם ולאשתו כתנות עור וילבישם”, סופה גמילות חסדים, שנאמר
(לגבי קבורת משה) “ויקבור אותו בגי
“.

וכוונת
חז”ל במאמר זה, שכאשר רואים את התורה שתחילתה וסופה חסד, סימן הוא שהתורה
כולה תכליתה חסד. ואם כן כל התורה כולה שורשה חסד, וכל המצוות ואפילו עניני
המשפטים והקנינים כולם תלויים בחסדו של ה' יתברך, וכמו שכתב הרמח”ל, כי כל
טעם עבודתינו בעולם הזה הוא בכדי שנהיה ראויים לשכר בזכות ולא בחסד
(כביכול), ולכן
גם בקנינים שתיקן לנו ה' יתברך במשפטי התורה, הכל הוא ענין חסד גדול, שתהיה לאדם
בעלות על חפציו, בכדי שיוכל להנות מיגיע כפו
.

ומזה הטעם תקנו
רבותינו לקרוא בשבועות ממגילת רות, ששורש מגילה זו נעוץ במדת החסד, כמו שנאמר
“ותאמר נעמי יעש ה' עמכם חסד כאשר עשיתם עם המתים ועמדי
“.

והנה לכאורה לא
מוזכר במגילה שום חסד שעשו עם בעליהן, מלבד מה שהיו נשואות להם
,
וכן
מה שנאמר בהמשך המגילה “ויען בועז ויאמר לה, הוגד הוגד לי את כל אשר עשית את
חמותך אחרי מות אישך”, והדבר תמוה, שהרי רות לא עשתה דבר למענה של נעמי, שהרי
נעמי היא זו שהפצירה בה ללכת למולדתה ולעמה, ורות היא היא שדבקה בנעמי ועשתה זאת
אך ורק למען עצמה לטובתה האישית, ואם כן איזו שייכות יש כאן בכלל להחשיב את המעשים
הללו למעשים של חסד, עד שנאמר עוד בהמשך “ברוכה את לה' בתי, הטבת חסדך האחרון
מן הראשון”, וגם כאן לא היה שום חסד במה שהלכה לבועז, שלא עשתה כן אלא לטובת
עצמה, ואם כן איך הפסוק קורא לזה חסד
?

חז”ל
אומרים בפסחים (ח.), האומר אתן צדקה על מנת שיחיה בני, הרי זה צדיק גמור
.
ומשמע
שאף שעשה צדקה למען עצמו ולא לשם שמים, בכל זאת מעשיו רצויים לפני ה
'
יתברך,
ונמצא אם כן שבכל מעשה שאדם עושה, אף על פי שהוא עושה כן בעיקר למען עצמו, מכל
מקום כל שגם הזולת מרויח מכך משהו, והוא חושב גם כן להטיב עם זולתו, מעשיו נחשבים
למעשי חסד וצדקה
.

חנוני,
או
מוכר ספרים, או נהג אוטובוס, שעושים את כל מעשיהם למען עצמם לפרנסתם
,
מכל
מקום אם הם עושים מעשיהם גם על מנת להטיב לאחרים, ואחרים נהנים ממעשיהם, הם מקימים
בכל מעשיהם מצוות לאין חקר
.

ומכאן גם עלינו
ללמוד לאידך גיסא, שהרי כמה חסדים אנו מקבלים מהזולת, וכמה הזולת מטיב עמנו, נמצנו
חייבים הרבה מאד הכרת טובה כלפי סביבתינו, ובהכרה זו אנו עושים נחת רוח לה' יתברך,
בבואינו להטיב מדה כנגד מדה לזולתינו
.

החסד הגדול
שעשתה רות, הוא מפני שסוף סוף בזכותה של רות לא נשארה נעמי בודדה בעולם, וכן מה
שהלכה עם בועז, נחשב לה לחסד גדול, שמתוך כך זכתה להקים עמו את מלכות בית דוד, בית
ענק, עבור חסד
.

נוהגים לקרות
במגילת רות בחג השבועות, להורות שיסוד התורה ומהותה הוא חסד, ללמוד וללמד לשמור
ולעשות, ללמוד על מנת ללמד (ראשי תיבות אדם לעמ”ל יולד, ללמוד על מנת ללמד),
אין לך חסד גדול מזה, שאדם מעשיר אחרים מהעושר הרוחני שנתן לנו ה' יתברך, וכמו
שאמר רבי יהושע בן לוי, כל המלמד את בן בנו תורה, מעלה עליו הכתוב כאילו קבלה מהר
סיני, שנאמר “והודעתם לבניך ולבני בניך”. וזהו רק אם מלמד את נכדו בן
בנו תורה. אבל אם מלמד אחרים, אפילו הקדוש ברוך הוא גוזר גזירה, מבטלה בשבילו, וכל
זאת עבור השפע שמשפיע מטובו לאחרים
.

The Holiday of Shavuot

The Torah introduces the
momentous event of the giving of the Torah to the Jewish nation with the verse
(Shemot 19), “On the third month from when the children of Israel left Egypt,
on this day they arrived at the Sinai desert.”

Our Sages in the Pesikta ask: Why is it that the Torah was not given to the
Jewish nation until the Third month (i.e. the month of Sivan, which is the
third month according to the Torah’s calculation with the year beginning with
Nissan)? Rabbi Levi explained this with a parable: Once, a king’s son became
ill. When he was healed, his advisors wished to send him back to school immediately.
The king said, “My son’s radiance did not yet return to him, how do propose
that he learn? Let him enjoy himself with food and drink for two or three
months and then he will return to his studies.”

So too, when the Jewish nation left Egypt, they were worthy of receiving the
Torah. However, Hashem said, “they have not yet regained their radiance after
the bondage of cement and bricks and they wish to receive the Torah? Rather, I
shall allow my children to enjoy themselves by eating the Manna and quail and
let them then receive the Torah during the Third month.”

Hashem performed a great kindness for us by giving us a true Torah and imbuing
us with eternal life; however, within this kindness, Hashem performed another
kindness for us by giving us the Torah only when we were physically healthy and
capable of receiving it and not when we were in a frenzy immediately following
our exodus from Egypt. Although Hashem could have performed a miracle and
instantly strengthen the Jewish nation, we have already written in the past
that Hashem wishes, as much as possible, to direct the world in a natural
manner. It is for this reason that he waited almost three months for us until
we were able to receive the Torah.

The Gemara (Sotah 14a) states: “The Torah begins with kindness and ends with
kindness. The Torah begins with kindness, as the verse states, ‘Hashem made for
the man and his wife leather tunics and he clothed them.’ The Torah ends with
kindness, as the verse states, “And He (Hashem) buried him (Moshe Rabbeinu) in
the valley.’”

Our Sages mean to teach us that just as we see that the Torah begins and ends
with acts of kindness, this signifies that the entire Torah is the epitome of
kindness. If the entire root of Torah is kindness, it follows that all of the
Mitzvot of the Torah, include the detailed monetary laws, are all contingent on
Hashem’s endless kindness. Indeed, Rabbeinu Moshe Chaim Luzzato (author of
Mesillat Yesharim) writes that our entire service of Hashem in this world is
because we wish to earn our reward and not only to receive it as a result of
Hashem’s kindness. Thus, even when the Torah commands us regarding various
methods of acquisition and other intricate monetary laws, this is a result of
Hashem’s kindness to us, for He wishes us to gain possession of our material
belongings so that one may enjoy the fruits of his labor.

It is for this reason that our Sages instituted that Megillat Ruth be read
during the Shavuot holiday, for the theme of this Megillah is inherently
kindness, as the verse states, “Naomi said: ‘May Hashem perform kindness with
you, just as you have done with the deceased and with me.’”

However, the Megillah seemingly does not mention any other kindness that Ruth
and her sister performed for their husbands other than the fact that they were
married to them. Similarly, the verse later in the Megillah states, “Boaz
replied and told her: ‘I have been told about everything you have done for your
mother-in-law after your husband’s demise.’” This is quite perplexing, for Ruth
did not do anything for Naomi as Naomi actually pleaded with Ruth to return to
her land and her people while Ruth cleaved to Naomi for her own personal
benefit. If so, how can such actions be considered acts of “kindness,” so much
so that the verse states, “My daughter, you are blessed to G-d; your last
kindness is better than your first”? Here too, Ruth went to Boaz for her own
benefit; how can the verse call this kindness?

Our Sages (Pesachim 8a) teach us: “One who says, “I shall donate money to
Tzedakah on the condition that my son lives,’ is considered completely
righteous.” It seems that although one donated charity for one’s own benefit
and not for the sake of Heaven, one’s actions are nevertheless accepted and
appreciated by Hashem. Based on this, any action that one performs, even if one
intends to do so primarily for one’s self, as long as others are gaining from
this action as well and the individual does intend for others to benefit, one’s
actions are considered those of kindness and charity.

Thus, if a grocer, bookseller, or bus driver do their work primarily for their
own livelihood, nevertheless, as long as they also intend to benefit others and
others do indeed benefit from their actions, they perform endless Mitzvot by
doing so.

On the other hand, we must realize how much kindness we receive from others and
how much gratitude we owe to those around us. This realization causes Hashem
great satisfaction when we give back to others and perform acts of kindness
with them.

The great kindness which Ruth performed for Naomi was that, ultimately, Naomi
did not remain alone in the world. Similarly, the fact that she went and
married Boaz was likewise considered a great act of kindness, for by doing so,
she was a partner in establishing the illustrious dynasty of King David’s
kingdom.

We customarily read Megillat Ruth on Shavuot in order to show that the basis of
the Torah and its essence is pure kindness by learning, teaching, and observing
the Torah’s laws. Indeed, the greatest kindness possible is teaching Torah to
others, for by doing so, one shares the spiritual wealth Hashem has given the
Jewish nation with others. Similarly, the Gemara states, “Rabbi Yehoshua ben
Levi said: One who teaches his grandson Torah is considered to have transmitted
the Torah to him from Mount Sinai, as the verse states, ‘And you shall make
them known to your sons and your grandsons.” This applies when one teaches
one’s grandson Torah. However, if one teaches Torah to others, even if Hashem
has decreed a harsh decree, Hashem will annul it for this individual because of
the spiritual wealth and abundance that one shares with others. 


Newsletter Parashat Emor

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
*****
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Lag Ba'Omer Event
 Kumtzitz TOMORROW
Thursday Evening

Mincha 8:15pm 

Foreword by Rabbi Stamler 
“Rabbi Akiva – The Eternal Optimist”

Kumtzitz with Rabbi Aviv Bar Ilan
Arbit & Sefirat HaOmer at 9:26pm
All welcome
****
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
******
New Gemara Shiur in Ivrit with Rabbi Harary
Starting Masechet Ta'anit 
Sunday 2nd April 6.25pm, 
Mincha & Arbit 7.25pm
*****************
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Save the Date
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לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:38

9:35

9:20

8:22

7:39

7:04

6:45

30 Apr/1 May

אמור

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to
bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after
the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the
‘latest candle
lighting’ column is earlier,
when
candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*****
Q & A Parashat Emor

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

  1. Which male descendants of Aharon are exempt from the prohibition against contacting a dead body?
    21:1 – Challalim – those disqualified from the priesthood because they are descended from a relationship forbidden to a kohen.
  2. Does a kohen have an option regarding becoming ritually defiled when his unmarried sister passes away?
    21:3 – No, he is required to do so.
  3. How does one honor a kohen?
    21:8 – He is first in all matters of holiness. For example, a kohen reads from the Torah first, and is usually the one to lead the blessings before and after meals.
  4. How does the Torah restrict the Kohen Gadol with regard to mourning?
    21:10-12 – He may not allow his hair to grow long, nor attend to his close relatives if they die, nor accompany a funeral procession.
  5. The Torah states in verse 22:3 that one who “approaches holy objects” while in a state of tumah (impurity) is penalized with excision. What does the Torah mean by “approaches”?
    22:3 – Eats.
  6. What is the smallest piece of a corpse that is able to transmit tumah?
    22:5 – A piece the size of an olive.
  7. Who in the household of a kohen may eat terumah?
    22:11 – He, his wife, his sons, his unmarried daughters and his non-Jewish slaves.
  8. If the daughter of a kohen marries a “zar” she may no longer eat terumah. What is a zar?
    22:12 – A non-kohen.
  9. What is the difference between a neder and a nedavah?
    22:18 – A neder is an obligation upon a person; a nedavah is an obligation placed upon an object.
  10. May a person slaughter an animal and its father on the same day?
    22:28 – Yes. The Torah only prohibits slaughtering an animal and its mother on the same day.
  11. How does the Torah define “profaning” the Name of G-d?
    22:32 – Willfully transgressing the commandments.
  12. Apart from Shabbos, how many days are there during the year about which the Torah says that work is forbidden?
    23:7-36 – Seven.
  13. How big is an omer?
    23:10 – One tenth of an eipha.
  14. On what day do we begin to “count the omer“?
    23:15 – On the 16th of Nissan.
  15. Why do we begin counting the omer at night?
    23:15 – The Torah requires counting seven complete weeks. If we begin counting in the daytime, the seven weeks would not be complete, because according to the Torah a day starts at nightfall.
  16. How does the omer differ from other minchah offerings?
    23:16 – It was made from barley.
  17. The blowing of the shofar on Rosh Hashanah is called a “zichron teruah” (sound of remembrance). For what is it a reminder?
    23:24 – The akeidas (binding of) Yitzchak.
  18. What is unusual about the wood of the esrog tree?
    23:40 – It has the same taste as the fruit.
  19. Who was the father of the blasphemer?
    24:10 – The Egyptian killed by Moshe (Shemos 2:12).
  20. What is the penalty for intentionally wounding one's parent?
    24:21 – Death.
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

ל”ג ול”ד לעומר 

מה אירע ביום ל”ג לעומר?

יום ל”ג לעומר, שעושים בו שמחה יתירה,
ולא אומרים בו תחנון (וידוי ונפילת אפיים), משום שהוא יום שנתגלו בו סתרי תורה,
ובו ניצול רבי שמעון בר יוחאי מעונש מיתה, ובו התחיל רבי עקיבא ללמד את חמשת
תלמידיו שהפיצו את התורה בכל העולם, וכמו 
שהארכנו כבר בשנים עברו, בביאור הדברים, מדברי הפוסקים, רבינו
האר”י ומרן החיד”א
.

מנהגי אבלות בל”ג לעומר
כל מנהגי האבלות שנוהגים בהם בימי העומר (מחמת פטירתם של תלמידי רבי
עקיבא), וכגון מה שנהגו שלא לשאת אשה, ושלא להסתפר ולהתגלח וכיוצא בזה, נחלקו
הפוסקים אם יש להזהר בדברים אלה עד יום ליל ל”ג לעומר, או שיש להזהר בכל אלו
עד ליום ל”ד לעומר (כלומר, ביום ל”ד לעומר בבוקר)
.

ומנהג האשכנזים, שהם נושאים נשים החל מליל ל”ג לעומר, מפני שהם סוברים
שתלמידי רבי עקיבא פסקו למות ביום ל”ג לעומר, וכך פסק הרמ”א (סימן
תצ”ג), שכך כתבו כמה ראשונים (ומהם בעל ספר המנהיג), שקבלה בידם שביום
ל”ג פסקו מלמות, ואף בליל ל”ג לעומר יש מהאשכנזים שנוהגים להקל לשאת אשה
.

אבל מנהג הספרדים ובני עדות המזרח, שאין נושאין נשים, ולא מסתפרים, עד ליום
ל”ד לעומר בבוקר,

טעם הדבר שאנו נזהרים במנהגי האבלות עד ליום ל”ד לעומר, מבואר על פי
מה שכתב בספר המנהיג (דף עב עמוד ב, חיברו רבי אברהם ברבי נתן הירחי הראב”ן,
שחי בלוניל ונפטר בשנת תתקע”ה 1215) בשם רבינו זרחיה הלוי (הרז”ה בעל
המאור) שמצא כתוב בספר קדמון הבא מספרד, שכל תלמידי רבי עקיבא מתו “מפסח ועד
פרוס עצרת”, ומאי פרוס, (כלומר, מה הכוונה “בפרוס”?), פורסא, פלגא
(דהיינו “פרוס” פירושו חצי מהתקופה שקודמת לשבועות) כדתנן, (כמו
ששנינו), שואלין בהלכות הפסח קודם הפסח שלושים יום, ופלגא דידהו, (וחצי משלושים
יום), דהיינו ט”ו יום קודם עצרת (קודם חג השבועות). וכן כתבו עוד מרבותינו
הראשונים, וביארו שאם נסיר חמשה עשר מארבעים ותשעה יום שבין פסח לעצרת נשארו
שלושים וארבעה ימים, ומכל מקום ביום ל”ד לעומר בבוקר, כבר מותר לשאת אשה משום
שמקצת היום ככולו לענין אבילות, וכיון שכבר עבר קצת מיום ל”ד אין צריך יותר
לנהוג אבילות
.

ויהי רצון שזכותם של רבי שמעון בר יוחאי ורבי אלעזר בנו תעמוד לנו ולכל
ישראל, ונזכה לתשובה שלימה וגאולה קרובה, אמן
.

The 33rd and 34th Days of the Omer

What Occurred on the 33rd Day
of the Omer?

The 33rd day
of the Omer (commonly known as Lag Ba’Omer), which is celebrated
amid great joy and when Tachanun (confessional prayer found after
the Amida prayer) is omitted for it marks the day when the secrets of the Torah
were revealed, Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai was saved from his death sentence and
Rabbi Akiva started teaching his five students that would eventually spread the
Torah to the rest of the world, as we have already discussed. This is based on
the words of the Poskim, the saintly Ari z”l, and Maran Ha’Chida.

Mourning Customs on the 33rd Day
of the Omer

Regarding all of the customs of mourning that have been customarily observed
during the Omer period (due to the passing of the students of Rabbi Akiva), for
instance, abstaining from getting married, taking haircuts, and shaving, there
is a dispute among the Poskim whether these customs must be observed until the
33rd day of the Omer or until the 34th day of
the Omer (i.e. the morning of the 34th).

The custom of the Ashkenazim is to permit weddings
beginning from the night of the 33rd of the Omer, for they are
of the opinion that Rabbi Akiva’s disciples ceased dying on the 33rd of
the Omer. This is indeed the ruling of the Rama (Chapter 493) in the name of
several Rishonim (including the author of the Sefer Ha’Manhig) who have
accepted by way of oral tradition that the students of Rabbi Akiva stopped
dying on the 33rd day of the Omer. Some Ashkenazim have the
custom to permit weddings even from the night of the 33rd of
the Omer.

Nevertheless, the Sephardic custom is to abstain
from holding weddings or taking haircuts until the morning of the 34th day
of the Omer.

The reason why we customarily abstain from these
things until the 34th of the Omer is based on the words of the
Sefer Ha’Manhig (page 72b, authored by Rabbeinu Avraham bar Natan Ha’Yarchi,
the Ra’avan, who lived in Lonil and passed away in the year 4975 [1215]) in the
name of Rabbeinu Zerachya Ha’Levi (the Razah, Ba’al Ha’Maor) who found in an
early manuscript found in Spain, that all of Rabbi Akiva’s students passed away
from Pesach until “Half of Shavuot,” and this refers to half of the period
prior to Shavuot, which is thirty days, as the Mishnah tells us, “One must
begin to inquire about the laws of Pesach thirty days before the holiday”;
thus, half of thirty is fifteen days before the holiday of Shavuot. Several
other Rishonim write accordingly. Thus, if we subtract fifteen from the
forty-nine days between Pesach and Shavuot, the difference is thirty-four.
Nevertheless, beginning from the morning of the 34th day of the
Omer, it is already permissible to hold weddings, for regarding mourning, the
rule is “A portion of the day is considered like the entire day” and since some
of the 34th day has already passed, one need not continue to
observe the mourning customs.

May the merits of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai and his
son, Rabbi Elazar, protect us all and may we all merit repenting fully and
taking part in the Final Redemption, speedily and in our days, Amen.

יום ל”ג לעומר

 יום ל”ג לעומר, שבו שמחים בהילולא של התנא האלהי רבי שמעון
בר יוחאי זכותו תגן עלינו אמן
.

כתב מרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל, כי אחד הדברים שמצאנו ברבי שמעון בר
יוחאי, שלא נמצאה להם דוגמא אצל אחרים מגדולי רבותינו, היא גילוי סודות התורה. כי
עד זמנו של רבי שמעון בר יוחאי, לא ניתנה רשות מן השמים לשום אדם לגלות את סודות
התורה ברבים, (וכמו שאומרים בפתיחת אליהו), עד שהופיעה דמותו של רבי שמעון, שזכה
לגלות סודות התורה והקבלה ברבים לתלמידים צדיקים וחסידים, “דָרַשׁ כָּל
תַּעֲלוּמוֹת בְּעֹז וְתַעֲצוּמוֹת”, ואחת הסיבות לכך שזכה רבי שמעון למה שלא
זכו תנאים אחרים, היה מפני מסירותו ללא גבול בשקידה על לימוד תורתינו הקדושה, וכמו
שאמרו במסכת שבת (יא.), “כגון רבי שמעון בר יוחאי שתורתו אומנותו”.
כלומר, לשם ולתפארת נודע שמו של רבי שמעון, שהיה ראוי לקרוא עליו יותר מעל אחרים
את התואר “תורתו אומנותו
“.

כל זאת משום שרבי שמעון בר יוחאי היה נאמן לשיטתו (במסכת ברכות לה:), כי על
עם ישראל מוטל לשבת ולעסוק בתורה יומם ולילה, כמו שנאמר “והגית בו יומם
ולילה” פשוטו כמשמעו. ומלאכתן של ישראל תעשה בידי אחרים, “וְעָמְדוּ
זָרִים וְרָעוּ צֹאנְכֶם וּבְנֵי נֵכָר אִכָּרֵיכֶם וְכֹרְמֵיכֶם”, רבי שמעון
בר יוחאי לא היה יכול לסבול את העוזבים חיי עולם ועוסקים בחיי שעה של פרנסה. וזאת
משום שהוא ידע היטב את ערכה הרב של התורה הקדושה. (מאור ישראל דרושים, עמוד קסא)
.

מעשה בתלמיד אחד של רבי שמעון בר יוחאי, שיצא מארץ ישראל חוץ לארץ, כדי
לעשות עסקים. חזר לארץ ישראל, והנה כל חבריו ראו שהוא נעשה עשיר גדול, והיו עומדים
ומתקנאים בו על עושרו, והחלו לחשוב, אולי גם להם כדאי לצאת לתקופה מסויימת לחוץ
לארץ, להרויח הון, ולשוב ארצה לחיות בהרווחה
.

שמע על כך רבי שמעון בר יוחאי, אסף את כל תלמידיו והוציאם לבקעה אחת הסמוכה
להר מירון, התפלל ואמר, בקעה בקעה! התמלאי דינרי זהב! התחילה הבקעה מושכת כמו נהר
של דינרי זהב לפניהם. עמדו התלמידים והשתוממו. אמר להם רבי שמעון, אם זהב אתם
מבקשים, הרי זהב! טלו לכם! אולם תהיו יודעים, כל מי שהוא נוטל עכשיו, נוטל מהחלק
ששמור לו לעולם הבא, שאין מתן שכרה של תורה בעולם הזה אלא לעולם הבא, כמו שאמרו
במסכת עירובין (כב.), “היום” לעשותם, ו”מחר” לקבל שכרן
.

נלמד מן הדברים, מהו העיקר ומהו הטפל. מהם הדברים החשובים באמת בחיינו, על
מה כדאי לבזבז את כל כוחותינו וזמנינו, לאילו כיוונים בחיים כדאי לנו לנווט את
בנינו ובנותינו. “וְדַע, מַתַּן שְׂכָרָן שֶׁל צַדִּיקִים לֶעָתִיד
לָבוֹא”.

The Day of Lag
Ba’Omer

Lag Ba’Omer (the 33rd day
of the Omer) which is the day where we express joy in honor of the saintly
Tanna, Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, may his merit protect us all, Amen.

Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l writes
that one of the unique things that we find regarding Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai
that we do not find among any of the other Sages is the revelation of the
secrets of the Torah. Until the time of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, Hashem did not
grant anyone permission to reveal the secrets of the Torah in public (as we
read in Patach Eliyahu). This was the case until Rabbi Shimon
appeared in this world, at which point he merited revealing the secrets of the
Torah and Kabbalah in public to great students who were righteous and pious.
One of the reasons Rabbi Shimon merited this as opposed to many other great
Tannaim, was as a result of his boundless dedication and pursuit of study of
the holy Torah, as the Gemara (Shabbat 11a), “For instance, Rabbi Shimon bar
Yochai whose Torah is his occupation.” This means that Rabbi Shimon was worthier
of being crowned with the coveted title of “Torah is his occupation” than
others.

This is because Rabbi Shimon was faithful to his
own opinion (quoted in Berachot 35b) that the entire Jewish nation must sit and
toil in Torah day and night, as the verse states, “And you shall delve in it
day and night,” literally. In this way, the labor of the Jewish nation will be
performed by others, as the verse states, “And stranger shall stand and feed
your flocks and foreigners shall be your plowmen and vinedressers.” Rabbi
Shimon bar Yochai could not tolerate those who would disregard pursuit of
eternal life in favor of worldly matters, such as one’s livelihood because he
understood the ultimate value of the holy Torah. (Ma’or Yisrael-Derushim, page
161) 

Once, a student of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai left the
Land of Israel to pursue a business venture. When he returned and all of his
friends saw that he had become a rich man, they began to grow jealous and they
thought to themselves that it may be worthwhile for them to travel abroad for a
short time to earn some money and live comfortably.

Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai heard about this and
gathered all of his students to valley near Mount Meron. He prayed and
exclaimed, “Valley, valley! Become filled with gold coins!” A river of gold
coins started to miraculously fill the valley as the students stood and watched
in awe. Rabbi Shimon told them, “If it is gold that you want, here it is, take
it! However, you must know that whoever takes it now is taking from the reward
prepared for him in the World to Come, for the reward for Torah learning is not
given in this world, only in the next, as the Sages taught (Eruvin 22a), ‘Today
to perform them and tomorrow to reap their reward.’”

The above is a true lesson regarding what is
primary and what is secondary in life. What are the important areas and ideals
where we should be investing our time and energy and which direction we should
be leading our children. “Know the reward of the righteous in the World to
Come.”

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Newsletter Parashat Achare – Kedoshim

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Have a look at our website www.moorlane.info 
*********
Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
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Save the Date
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Sephardic World

 

Is there genetic evidence of Jews in Portugal?

Portugal was the crucible of the Western Sephardim. Not everyone left. Can members of diaspora Sephardic communities be linked to individuals in Portugal? What can genetic studies in Portugal tell us about Sephardic migration? Can genetics be a tool in unravelling the history of the Sephardic diaspora? Is there such a thing as Sephardic DNA?

Inês Nogueiro was born in north-eastern Portugal, a region with a rich Jewish history. For the last 15 years she has studied Iberian Jewish history from a population genetics perspective. She has a PhD in Biology (Population Genetics of Jewish populations) from the University of Oporto. In 2018 she started a project with Prof Karl Skorecki at Bar Ilan University in Israel to construct a genetic database for the Iberian Sephardic Jews. She volunteers for a number of local initiatives to promote interest in Sephardic history.

The meeting is on Sunday 25 April 2021 at 11am in LA, 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam and 9pm Jerusalem. Join us on Zoom at: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/82094742942

If you cannot get into the meeting we have an overflow at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpz6pgNSg_KWP-4KbErjU2g

Please note that we are trying YouTube for the overflow this week. Please subscribe to YouTube. It helps us! If YouTube doesn't work we shall go back to https://www.facebook.com/sephardicgenealogy

Over the last year Sephardic World has become the leading producer of content on Jewish history and genealogy, with a Sephardic slant. We have no commercial sponsorship or public funding. We do not charge people to attend our meetings or to view our content. If you care about Sephardic history and are not already a patron, we invite you to support our work: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

If you don’t plan to attend the meeting but want to support our work, please consider making a one-off donation here: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/sephardicgenealogy

Best wishes,

Ton and David

*****************

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן
שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:23

9:20

9:28

8:09

7:28

6:54

6:45

23/24 Apr

אחרי־קדושים

*For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*******
Q & A on the Parasha 

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

Acharei Mot

  1. Why does the Torah emphasize that Parshas Acharei Mos was taught after the death of Aaron's sons?
    16:1 – To strengthen the warning not to enter the Kodesh Kodashim except on Yom Kippur.
  2. What is the punishment for a Kohen Gadol who inappropriately enters the Kodesh Kodashim?
    16:2 – Death.
  3. How long did the first Beis Hamikdash exist?
    16:3 – 410 years.
  4. What did the Kohen Gadol wear when he entered the Kodesh Kodashim?
    16:4 – Only the four linen garments worn by an ordinary Kohen.
  5. How many times did the Kohen Gadol change his clothing and immerse in the mikveh on Yom Kippur?
    16:4 – Five times.
  6. How many times did he wash his hands and feet from the Kiyor (copper laver)?
    16:4 – Ten times.
  7. The Kohen Gadol offered a bull Chatas to atone for himself and his household. Who paid for it?
    16:6 – The Kohen Gadol.
  8. One of the goats that was chosen by lot went to Azazel. What is Azazel?
    16:8 – A jagged cliff.
  9. Who is included in the “household” of the Kohen Gadol?
    16:11 – All the Kohanim.
  10. For what sin does the goat Chatas atone?
    16:16 – For unknowingly entering the Beis Hamikdash in the state of tumah.
  11. After the Yom Kippur service, what is done with the four linen garments worn by the Kohen Gadol?
    16:23 – They must be put into geniza and not be used again.
  12. Where were the fats of the Chatas burned?
    16:25 – On the outer Mizbe'ach.
  13. Who is solely responsible for attaining atonement for the Jewish People on Yom Kippur?
    16:32 – The Kohen Gadol.
  14. From one point in history, installation of the Kohen Gadol through anointing was no longer used but was conducted by donning the special garments of that office. From when and why?
    16:32 – Anointing ceased during the kingship of Yoshiahu. At that time, the oil of anointing was hidden away.
  15. What is the penalty of kares?
    17:9 – One's offspring die and one's own life is shortened.
  16. Which categories of animals must have their blood covered when they are slaughtered?
    17:13 – Non domesticated kosher animals and all species of kosher birds.
  17. When a person eats a kosher bird that was improperly slaughtered (a neveilah), at what point does he contract tumah?
    17:15 – When the food enters the esophagus.
  18. The Torah commands the Jewish People not to follow the “chukim” of the Canaanites. What are the forbidden “chukim”?
    18:3 – Their social customs.
  19. What is the difference between “mishpat” and “chok“?
    18:4 – A “mishpat” conforms to the human sense of justice. A “chok” is a law whose reason is not given to us and can only be understood as a decree from Hashem.
  20. May a man marry his wife's sister?
    18:18 – Yes, but not during the lifetime of his wife.

Kedoshim

  1. Why was Parshat Kedoshim said in front of all the Jewish People?
    19:2 – Because the fundamental teachings of the Torah are contained in this Parsha.
  2. Why does the Torah mention the duty to honor one's father before it mentions the duty to honor one's mother?
    19:3 – Since it is more natural to honor one's mother, the Torah stresses the obligation to honor one's father.
  3. Why is the command to fear one's parents followed by the command to keep Shabbat?
    19:3 – To teach that one must not violate Torah law even at the command of one's parents.
  4. Why does Shabbat observance supersede honoring parents?
    19:3 – Because the parents are also commanded by Hashem to observe Shabbat. Parents deserve great honor, but not at the “expense” of Hashem's honor.
  5. What is “leket?”
    19:9 – “Leket” is one or two stalks of grain accidentally dropped while harvesting. They are left for the poor.
  6. In Shemot 20:13, the Torah commands “Do not steal.” What does the Torah add when it commands in Vayikra 19:11 “Do not steal?”
    19:11 – The Torah in Vayikra prohibits monetary theft. In Shemot it prohibits kidnapping.
  7. “Do not do wrong to your neighbor” (19:13). To what “wrong” is the Torah referring?
    19:13 – Withholding wages from a worker.
  8. By when must you pay someone who worked for you during the day?
    19:13 – Before the following dawn.
  9. How does Rashi explain the prohibition “Don't put a stumbling block before a sightless person?”
    19:13 – Don't give improper advice to a person who is unaware in a matter. For example, don't advise someone to sell his field, when in reality you yourself wish to buy it.
  10. In a monetary case involving a poor person and a rich person, a judge is likely to wrongly favor the poor person. What rationale does Rashi give for this?
    19:15 – The judge might think: “This rich person is obligated to give charity to this poor person regardless of the outcome of this court case. Therefore, I'll rule in favor of the poor person. That way, he'll receive the financial support he needs without feeling shame.
  11. When rebuking someone, what sin must one be careful to avoid?
    19:17 – Causing public embarrassment.
  12. It's forbidden to bear a grudge. What example does Rashi give of this?
    19:18 – Person A asks person B: “Can I borrow your shovel?” Person B says: “No.” The next day, B says to A: “Can I borrow your scythe?” A replies: “Sure, I'm not stingy like you are.”
  13. The Torah forbids tattooing. How is a tattoo made?
    19:28 – Ink is injected into the skin with a needle.
  14. How does one fulfill the mitzvah of “hadarta p'nei zaken?”
    19:32 – By not sitting in the seat of elderly people, and by not contradicting their statements.
  15. What punishment will never come to the entire Jewish People?
    20:3 – “Karet” — being spiritually “cut off.”
  16. What penalty does the Torah state for cursing one's parents?
    20:9 – Death by stoning.
  17. When the Torah states a death penalty but doesn't define it precisely, to which penalty is it referring?
    20:10 – Chenek (strangulation).
  18. What will result if the Jewish People ignore the laws of forbidden relationships?
    20:22 – The land of Israel will “spit them out.”
  19. Which of the forbidden relationships listed in this week's Parsha were practiced by the Canaanites?
    20:23 – All of them.
  20. Is it proper for a Jew to say “I would enjoy eating ham?”
    20:26 – Yes.
image.png
Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

עוד מנהגים השייכים לימי הספירה

יש נוהגים בימי ספירת העומר (עד יום ל”ד בעומר) שלא ללבוש בגד חדש
שצריך לברך על לבישתו ברכת שהחיינו (דהיינו בגד חדש שיש שמחה בלבישתו כמו חולצה
חדשה וכדומה, אבל בגד כמו גופיה שאין מברכים עליו שהחיינו, לכל הדעות מותר ללבשו
בימי הספירה). ויש מקילים בזה ללבוש בגד חדש
.

יש מחמירים שלא לתפור ולתקן בגדים חדשים בימי ספירת העומר, ומנהגינו להקל בזה,
ואף להנוהגים איסור בזה, מכל מקום אם עושה כן לצורך חתן שעומד לינשא בל”ד
לעומר, אין בזה מנהג להחמיר כלל
.

לדעת מרן הרב עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל, אין כל איסור או חומרא, להיזהר שלא
לברך שהחיינו על פרי חדש בימי ספירת העומר, ואותם שנהגו כן, באו לידי מנהג זה
בטעות מפני שכך הדין בימי בין המצרים, שבהם אין לברך שהחיינו על פרי חדש, אך בימי
ספירת העומר אין מנהג להחמיר בזה כלל, מפני שימי הספירה אינם ימי אבל, כימי בין
המצרים שבהם אירעו חורבן בית המקדש ושאר פורענויות, ולכן אין לברך שהחיינו וקיימנו
והגענו “לזמן הזה”, על זמן שנועד לפורענות לכלל האומה, אבל ימי הספירה
אינם נחשבים ימי פורענות, ואדרבא, כתב הרמב”ן שקדושת ימי הספירה כימי חול
המועד, ולכן אין להחמיר בזה כלל
.

אבל לעניין לבישת בגד חדש בימי הספירה, ראוי להחמיר בזה בימי הספירה שלא
ללבוש בגד חדש, ואם יש צורך בלבישתו, נכון להדר וללבשו ביום שבת, ואז גם יוכל לברך
עליו שהחיינו. וכן במקום שמחת בר מצוה או ברית מילה יש להקל ללבוש בגד חדש בימי
הספירה
.

More Customs Observed During the Omer
Counting Period

Some have the custom that during the Omer counting
period (until the 34th day of the Omer), one does not wear a
new garment which requires the recitation of the “Shehecheyanu” blessing
(i.e. a new garment which causes the wearer joy, such as a new shirt and the
like; however, a new garment which does not require a “Shehecheyanu
blessing, such as an undershirt and the like, may be worn during the Omer
period according to all opinions). Some rule leniently and allow wearing new
clothing.

Some act stringently and abstain from sewing and
altering new clothes during the Omer period; however, our custom is to be
lenient in this regard. Even according to those who are customarily stringent,
nevertheless, if this is being done for a bride or groom who is getting married
on the 34th day of the Omer, there is no custom to be stringent
at all.

According to Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l,
there is no reason to be stringent and abstain from reciting a “Shehecheyanu
blessing on a new fruit during the Omer counting period. Those who have
observed this custom have done so in error, for they have confused this period
with the “Three Weeks” prior to the Ninth of Av during which time one should
not recite a “Shehecheyanu” blessing on a new fruit. However, during the
Omer counting period, there is no such custom to be stringent, for the days of
the Omer are not days of mourning as are the “Three Weeks” during which the
destruction of the Bet Hamikdash and other tragedies occurred. It is for this
reason that it is inappropriate to recite the “Shehecheyanu” blessing
which translates to “Blessed is He… Who has allowed us to live, to exist, and
to reach this time” about a period which is designated as a time of
national tragedy. On the other hand, the period of the Omer is not considered a
tragic time; on the contrary, the Ramban writes that the holiness of the days
of the Omer counting is tantamount to that of Chol Hamo’ed. There is therefore
no reason to act stringently in this regard.

Nonetheless, it is proper to act stringently with
regards to wearing new garments during the Omer. If there is truly a necessity
to wear a new garment, one should try to wear it on Shabbat in which case one
may also recite the “Shehecheyanu” blessing. Similarly, one may act
leniently and wear a new garment during the Omer period in honor of a Bar
Mitzvah or Berit Milah celebration.

שמיעת מוזיקה וכלי נגינה בימי הספירה

היום הוא יום השואה, וכבר דיברנו בענין זה בשנים הקודמות, ניתן לראות בקישור.
———————

מזמן שנחרב בית המקדש, אסרו רבותינו לשמוע קול שיר בכלי נגינה (כן מבואר
בגמרא במסכת גיטין דף ז.). כלומר, לשיר בפה, מותר. אך לשמוע מוזיקה בכלי נגינה
אסור. אלא אם מדובר בשמחה של מצוה, שאז יש להקל בדבר, וכפי שנהגו בכל תפוצות
ישראל, שבשמחות של מצוה, כמו שמחת נשואין של חתן וכלה וכדומה, מביאים נגנים ושרים
שם שירות ותשבחות לכבוד ה' יתברך
.

ובדורות האחרונים רבותינו הפוסקים האריכו בדין זה, והעלו למעשה שמותר מן
הדין לשמוע מוזיקה מלווה בכלי נגינה כשהיא מוקלטת, ברדיו או טייפ וכדומה, אפילו
שלא בשמחה של מצוה. וכן המנהג פשוט אפילו אצל גדולי עולם חסידים וצדיקים, ששומעים
שירי קודש ונגינות מוקלטות שמעוררים את הלב להדבק בה' ונותנים מרגוע ומנוחת הנפש
.

אבל לגבי ימי הספירה, שכפי שביארנו, אירעו בהם מאורעות מצערים של פטירת
עשרים וארבע אלף תלמידי רבי עקיבא, כתב הגאון רבי משה פיינשטיין זצ”ל (אגרות
משה או”ח סימן קסו), שיש להחמיר שלא לשמוע מוזיקה אפילו כשהיא מוקלטת.
וכדבריו כתבו עוד מגדולי האחרונים, ובתוכם גם מרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל
.

ולפיכך למרות שבכל ימות השנה אנו מיקלים לשמוע מוזיקה מוקלטת, אך בימי
ספירת העומר נכון להחמיר בדבר
.

אולם בשמחה של מצוה, כגון במסיבת בר מצוה, או ברית מילה, או סיום מסכת
וכדומה, מותר לשמוע שירי קודש ונגינות המלוות בכלי נגינה, שמאחר ומדובר בשמחה של
מצוה, יש להקל בדבר. שהרי אפילו בעיקר תקנת חז”ל שלא לנגן בכלי שיר מאז שנחרב
בית המקדש, במקום שמחה של מצוה היקלו, ואם כן הוא הדין בימי הספירה
.

ומרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל כתב בזה עוד (בספרו על יום טוב, עמוד
רנט), שאם מעונינים לערוך שמחת הכנסת ספר תורה בתוך ימי הספירה, מותר לעשותה אפילו
בכלי זמר, שהרי מדובר בשמחה של מצוה גדולה
.

Listening to Music During the Omer

From the time the Bet Hamikdash was destroyed, our
Sages prohibited listening to songs accompanied by musical instruments (see
Gittin 7a). This means that while merely singing vocally is permissible,
hearing songs with musical accompaniment is forbidden, excluding a celebration
of a Mitzvah in which case there is room for leniency. Indeed, the prevalent
custom throughout the entire Jewish nation is to bring musicians who play and
sing songs of praise and gratitude to Hashem at celebrations of a Mitzvah, such
as at weddings and the like.

In more recent generations, the great Poskim have
discussed this matter lengthily and they conclude that, according to the letter
of the law, it is permissible to listen to songs with musical accompaniment
when this music is recorded, such as on the radio, tape, etc. even if this is
not being done in the context of a celebration of a Mitzvah. This custom is
widespread among many great and pious luminaries who listen to recorded holy
songs and music which uplift one in the service of Hashem and bring peace an
tranquility to the soul.

Nevertheless, regarding the days of the Omer
counting period when, as we have explained previously, the tragic event of the
death of Rabbi Akiva’s twenty-four thousand students occurred, Hagaon Harav
Moshe Feinstein zt”l (see Igrot Moshe, Orach Chaim, Volume 1,
Chapter 166) writes that one must act stringently and not listen even to
recorded music. Several other great Poskim rule likewise, including Maran
Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l.

Thus, although we rule leniently throughout the rest
of the year and allow listening to recorded music, during the Omer period, one
should act stringently and abstain from doing so.

Nevertheless, during a Mitzvah celebration, such as
a Bar Mitzvah, Berit Milah, Siyum Masechet (meal marking the
completion of a Talmudical tractate), and the like, it is permissible to play
and listen to songs of holiness with musical accompaniment since even when our
Sages prohibited playing instrumental music after the destruction of the Bet
Hamikdash, they ruled leniently regarding Mitzvah celebrations. Thus, the same
would apply to the days of the Omer in that there is room for leniency in this
regard.

Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l adds
(in his Chazon Ovadia-Yom Tov, page 259) that if one wishes to hold a Hachnassat
Sefer Torah
 (Torah dedication celebration) during the Omer, it will be
permissible to do so even with musical accompaniment since this celebration is
considered a great Mitzvah.

Corrected version Newsletter

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Shabbat Afternoon Programme
5:15 pm Avot Ubanim
5:50 pm Pirke Avot
6:00 pm Mincha
***********************
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Save the Date
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Sephardic World

 

Sephardic Research: Past, Present and Future

The genealogy landscape has dramatically changed over the last twenty years. Many Sephardic genealogists are too young to remember life before the Internet. This week we want to look at how things have changed, and speculate about where genealogy is heading. We are delighted to welcome the person whose career helped define these changes.

Schelly Talalay Dardashti has thirty years experience in Jewish genealogy. Her career encompasses the old world of paper research, journalism, pioneering Jewish genealogical blogging and creating the world's largest Jewish genealogy group on Facebook, Tracing the Tribe. She is a well-known and engaging speaker, and serves as US Genealogy Advisor for MyHeritage.com

The meeting is on Sunday 18 April 2021 at 11am in LA, 2pm NYC, 7pm London, 8pm Amsterdam and 9pm Jerusalem. Join us on Zoom at: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/81644208915

If you cannot get into the meeting we have an overflow at: https://www.facebook.com/sephardicgenealogy 

Over the last year Sephardic World has become the leading producer of content on Jewish history and genealogy, with a Sephardic slant. We have no commercial sponsorship or public funding. We do not charge people to attend our meetings or to view our content. If you care about Sephardic history and are not already a patron, we invite you to support our work: https://www.patreon.com/sephardi

If you don’t plan to attend the meeting but want to support our work, please consider making a one-off donation here: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/sephardicgenealogy

Best wishes,

Ton and David

******************

לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

מוצאי שבת

ערבית

)מוצ”ש(

סוף זמן קראת שמע

זמן שבת

פלג מנחה (תה״ד)

פלג מנחה (לבוש)

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Shema to be read before

Candles to be
lit by

 

Earliest Candle lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat*

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

PM

PM

 

 

9:08

9:05

9:36

7:57

7:17

6:45

6:45

16/17 Apr

תזריע־מצורע

טהרה


*
For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

*******
Q & A Parashat Tazria
  1. When does a woman who has given birth to a son go to the mikveh?
    12:2 – At the end of seven days.
  2. After a woman gives birth, she is required to offer two types of offerings. Which are they?
    12:6 – An olah and a chatat.
  3. What animal does the woman offer as a chatat?
    12:6 – A tor (turtle dove) or a ben yona (young pigeon).
  4. Which of these offerings makes her tahor (ritual purity)?
    12:7 – The chatat.
  5. Which of the sacrifices does the woman offer first, the olah or the chatat?
    12:8 – The chatat.
  6. Who determines whether a person is a metzora tamei (person with ritually impure tzara'at) or is tahor?
    13:2 – A kohen.
  7. If the kohen sees that the tzara'at has spread after one week, how does he rule?
    13:5 – The person is tamei.
  8. What disqualifies a kohen from being able to give a ruling in a case of tzara'at?
    13:12 – Poor vision.
  9. Why is the appearance of tzara'at on the tip of one of the 24 “limbs” that project from the body usually unable to be examined?
    13:14 – The tzara'at as a whole must be seen at one time. Since these parts are angular, they cannot be seen at one time.
  10. On which days is a kohen not permitted to give a ruling on tzara'at?
    13:14 – During the festivals; and ruling on a groom during the seven days of feasting after the marriage.
  11. In areas of the body where collections of hair grow (e.g., the head or beard), what color hair is indicative of ritual impurity?
    13:29 – Golden.
  12. In areas of the body where collections of hair grow, what color hair is indicative of purity?
    13:37 – Any color other than golden.
  13. If the kohen intentionally or unintentionally pronounces a tamei person “tahor,” what is that person's status?
    13:37 – He remains tamei.
  14. What signs of mourning must a metzora display?
    13:45 – He must tear his garments, let his hair grow wild, and cover his lips with his garment.
  15. Why must a metzora call out, “Tamei! Tamei! “?
    13:45 – So people will know to keep away from him.
  16. Where must a metzora dwell?
    13:46 – Outside the camp in isolation.
  17. Why is a metzora commanded to dwell in isolation?
    13:46 – Since tzara'at is a punishment for lashon hara (evil speech), which creates a rift between people, the Torah punishes measure for measure by placing a division between him and others.
  18. What sign denotes tzara'at in a garment?
    13:49 – A dark green or dark red discoloration.
  19. What must be done to a garment that has tzara'at?
    13:52 – It must be burned
  20. If after washing a garment the signs of tzara'at disappear entirely, how is the garment purified?
    13:58 – Through immersion in a mikveh.

Tahara (Metzora)
  1. When may a metzora not be pronounced tahor?
    14:2 – At night.
  2. In the midbar, where did a metzora dwell while he was tamei?
    14:3 – Outside the three camps.
  3. Why does the metzora require birds in the purification process?
    14:4 – Tzara'at comes as a punishment for lashon hara. Therefore, the Torah requires the metzora to offer birds, who chatter constantly, to atone for his sin of chattering.
  4. In the purification process of a metzora, what does the cedar wood symbolize?
    14:4 – The cedar is a lofty tree. It alludes to the fact that tzara'at comes as a punishment for haughtiness.
  5. During the purification process, the metzora is required to shave his hair. Which hair must he shave?
    14:9 – Any visible collection of hair on the body.
  6. What is unique about the chatat and the asham offered by the metzora?
    14:10 – They require n'sachim (drink offerings).
  7. In the Beit Hamikdash, when the metzora was presented “before G-d” (14:11), where did he stand?
    14:11 – At the gate of Nikanor.
  8. Where was the asham of the metzora slaughtered?
    14:13 – On the northern side of the mizbe'ach.
  9. How was having tzara'at in one's house sometimes advantageous?
    14:34 – The Amorites concealed treasures in the walls of their houses. After the conquest of the Land, tzara'at would afflict these houses. The Jewish owner would tear down the house and find the treasures.
  10. When a house is suspected as having tzara'at, what is its status prior to the inspection by a kohen?
    14:36 – It is tahor.
  11. What happens to the vessels that are in a house found to have tzara'at?
    14:36 – They become tamei.
  12. Which type of vessels cannot be made tahor after they become tamei?
    14:36 – Earthenware vessels.
  13. Where were stones afflicted with tzara'at discarded?
    14:40 – In places where tahor objects were not handled
  14. When a house is suspected of having tzara'at, a kohen commands that the affected stones be replaced and the house plastered. What is the law if the tzara'at:
    a. returns and spreads;
    b. does not return;
    c. returns, but does not spread?

    a. 14:44-45 – It is called “tzara'at mam'eret,” and the house must be demolished;
    b. 14:48 – the house is pronounced tahor;
    c. 14:44 – The house must be demolished.

  15. When a person enters a house that has tzara'at, when do his clothes become tamei?
    14:46 – When he remains in the house long enough to eat a small meal.
  16. What is the status of a man who is zav (sees a flow):
    a. two times or two consecutive days;
    b. three times or three consecutive days?
    15:2 –
    a. He is tamei;
    b. He is tamei and is also required to bring a korban.
  17. A zav sat or slept on the following: a). a bed; b) a plank; c) a chair; d) a rock.
    If a tahor person touches these things what is his status?
    15:4-5 – Only a type of object that one usually lies or sits upon becomes a transmitter of tumah when a zav sits or lies on it. A tahor person who subsequently touches the object becomes tamei and the clothes he is wearing are also tmei'im. Therefore:
    a. tamei;
    b. tahor;
    c. tamei;
    d. tahor.
  18. What does the Torah mean when it refers to a zav who “has not washed his hands”?
    15:11 – One who has not immersed in a mikveh.
  19. When may a zav immerse in a mikveh to purify himself?
    15:13 – After seven consecutive days without a flow.
  20. What is the status of someone who experiences a one-time flow?
    15:32 – He is tamei until evening.
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Halachot from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

ימי ספירת העומר

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מנויים יקרים, היום אנו מוסיפים בראש ההלכה, הקלטה ממורינו הראשון לציון שליט”א, בתשובה לשאלות הנוגעות לימים הללו. תזכו לשנים רבות נעימות וטובות.
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ימי ספירת העומר, הם ימים שקדושתם מרובה, כמו שכתב הרמב”ן בפירושו לפרשת אמור, כי ימים אלה שהם ימי ספירת העומר, מחג הפסח ועד לחג השבועות, קדושתם היא כקדושת ימי חול המועד, ואינם ימי אבל ופורענות כמו ימי בין המצריםומרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ”ל היה מזכיר את דברי הרמב”ן הללו בימי הספירה, כדי שלא יטעו המון העם לחשוב שימים אלה הם חלילה ימי פורענות.

אך בעוונות הרבים, בימים אלה אירע מאורע מצער ומזעזע לעם ישראל, כמו שמבואר בגמרא (יבמות סב:), “שנים עשר אלף זוגות תלמידים היו לו לרבי עקיבא, וכולם מתו בין פסח לעצרת (חג השבועות), מפני שלא נהגו כבוד זה בזה”. וכולם מתו באסכרא. (אסכרה הוא חולי המביא לדום נשימה). כלומר, היתה לו לרבי עקיבא ישיבה ענקית, שממנה יצאה תורה לכל ישראל, ואילו היו אותם התלמידים ממשיכים לחיות, עד ימינו אנו, היתה התורה עשירה יותר, ומכוחם וכוח כוחם של אותם התלמידים, בודאי היתה נמשכת ברכה עצומה לכלל ישראל עד סוף הדורות. ונגזרה הגזירה, ומתו כולם בימים הללו.

ובתשובות הגאונים, (הם חכמי ישראל שחיו קודם תקופת הראשונים) נזכר, כי מחמת המאורע הזה, נהגו כל ישראל שלא לשאת אשה בימים אלה, משום מנהג אבלותוכן מבואר בפוסקים שנהגו בימים הללו שלא ללבוש בגד חדש, ולא להסתפר, ולא לשמוע כלי שיר.

ובכל זאת לא בכל ימי הספירה נוהגים מנהגי אבלות, אלא עד ליום ל”ד או ל”ג לעומר. שכן כתב בעל ספר המנהיג, ועוד מרבותינו הראשונים, שביום ל”ג לעומר, פסקו תלמידי רבי עקיבה למות. וכן פסק הרמ”א (בסימן תצג), שמיום ל”ג לעומר מותר לערוך שמחת נשואין.

אבל מנהג הספרדים שעד יום ל”ד לעומר נוהגים מנהגי אבלות, והימים הללו אסורים בשמחת נשואין, וטעם הדבר מבואר על פי מה שכתב בספר המנהיג בשם רבינו זרחיה הלוי, שמצא כתוב בספר קדמון הבא מספרד, שכל תלמידי רבי עקיבא מתו מפסח ועד “פרוס עצרת”, ומה פירוש הדבר “פרוס עצרת”, “פורסא – פלגא”, כלומר, פרוס, מלשון פרוסה, שלוקחים שלושים יום מחג השבועות, שהם הימים הסמוכים לחג השבועות, כמו שאמרו “שואלין בהלכות הפסח קודם הפסח שלושים יום”, ומחצית מאותם שלושים יום, שהם ט”ו יום קודם חג השבועות, בהם כבר פסקו תלמידי רבי עקיבא למות.

וכן כתבו עוד מרבותינו הראשונים, וביארו שאם נסיר חמשה עשר מארבעים ותשעה יום שבין פסח לעצרת נשארו שלושים וארבעה ימים. ומכל מקום ביום ל”ד לעומר עצמו, משעות הבוקר, כבר מותר לשאת אשה משום שמקצת היום ככולו לענין אבילות, וכיון שכבר עבר קצת מיום ל”ד אין צריך יותר לנהוג אבילות.

ומותר לעשות סעודת אירוסין (תנאים, כלומר, סגירת השידוך) בימי ספירת העומר. ואם באותה שעה נסגר ענין השידוך ממש, יש מיקלים לעשות כן אפילו בכלי שיר.

The Omer Counting Period

The period of the counting of the Omer is exalted indeed and filled with sanctity, as the Ramban writes in his commentary on Parashat Emor that the days between the holidays of Pesach and Shavuot, i.e. the Omer counting period, retain the sanctity of Chol Ha’Moed and are not days of national tragedy and mourning like the Three Weeks between the Seventeenth of Tammuz and the Ninth of Av. Maran zt”l would mention this Ramban so that that people would not mistakenly think that these were ominous days for the Jewish nation.

Nevertheless, a terrible occurrence befell the Jewish nation during this time, as the Gemara (Yevamot 62b) recounts: “Rabbi Akiva had twelve thousand pairs of students and they all died between Pesach and Shavuot because they did not treat each other respectfully.” They all perished from Askara (an agonizing illness leading to acute respiratory failure). This means that Rabbi Akiva had a tremendous, flourishing empire of Torah which served to disseminate the Torah throughout the Jewish nation and would they remain alive, their Torah and that of their descendants and pupils would have served to illuminate the torch of Torah for generations on end. However, it was decreed in Heaven that they all die during this period.

The Responsa of the Geonim (the Sages of Israel of the generation immediately preceding that of the Rishonim) mention that because of this tragic event, the entire Jewish nation observes the custom of not getting married during this period of time as a sign of mourning. It is also customary not to wear new garments, take haircuts, or listen to music during this time.

Nevertheless, we do not observe these mourning customs throughout the entire duration of the Omer period; these customs are only observed until the 33rd or 34th day of the Omer, for the Sefer Ha’Manhig and other great Rishonim write that Rabbi Akiva’s students ceased dying on the 33rd day of the Omer. Indeed, the Rama (in his gloss on Chapter 493) rules that from the 33rd day of the Omer, it is permissible to hold weddings.

On the other hand, the Sephardic custom is to continue these mourning customs until the 34th day of the Omer and it is forbidden to get married on any of these days. The reason for this is based on what the Sefer Ha’Manhig has written in the name of Rabbeinu Zerachya Ha’Levi who had found in any old manuscript that had come from Spain that the students of Rabbi Akiva died from Pesach until “half of Shavuot.” This means that the thirty days preceding the holiday of Shavuot are divided in half, i.e. fifteen days before Shavuot, and on this day, Rabbi Akiva’s students ceased dying.

Other Rishonim concur and write that if we subtract fifteen days from the forty-nine days between Pesach and Shavuot, the product will be thirty-four. It is nevertheless permissible to get married immediately from the morning of the 34th day of the Omer, for the rule regarding the laws of mourning is that “a portion of the day is likened to the entire day.” Thus, since a portion of the 34th day of the Omer has already passed, one need not observe the mourning customs any longer.

It is permissible to hold an engagement party during the Omer counting period. If the actual Shidduch has been closed at the time of the celebration (as opposed to at an earlier time), there are those who rule leniently and allow for music at this party as well.