Announcements
Mazal Tov
to
Ruvi & Esther Bloom
on the occasion of their daughter's
Bat Mitzvah
&
Mazal Tov
to our dear friends
Yehuda & Nomi Marshall
on the Bat Mitzvah
of their daughter
Tami
May they both grow in
Torah, Mitzvot and Maasim Tovim
Special Mazal Tov
to
Dr & Mrs Marshall
on their granddaughters'
Bat Mitzvah
Much Nachat & semachot in the future
****
***
SHABBAT
Shabbat Times
לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשע"ט
Summer
Timetable 5779 – 2019
מוצאי | ערבית )מוצ"ש( | שקיעה | סוף זמן קראת שמע | זמן שבת | פלג מנחה (תה״ד) | פלג מנחה (לבוש) | מנחה וקבלת שבת | תאריך | שבת פרשת |
Shabbat Ends | Arbit | Sunset | Shema to be read before | Candles to be |
| Earliest Candle lighting | Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat* | Date | Parasha |
PM | PM | PM | AM | PM | PM | PM | PM |
|
|
10:59 | 10:50 | 9:40 | 8:57 | 9:27 | 8:39 | 7:56 | 7:40 | 28/29 June | שלח (ש''מ) |
* For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to
bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after
the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest
candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all
cases.)
Youth Club 4:00 pm
Avot Ubanim 5:00 pm
Mincha 6:00 pm
Followed by
Shiur
*****
Anyone wishing
to donate a Kiddush Please email Moorlanenews
****
Q
& A on Parashat Shelach
All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated
- Why is the portion about the meraglim written immediately after the portion about Miriam's tzara'at?
13:2 – To show the evil of the meraglim (spies), that they saw Miriam punished for lashon hara (negative speech) yet failed to take a lesson from it. - To what was Moshe referring when he asked the meraglim "Are there trees in the land"?
13:20 – Were there any righteous people in the land whose merit would "shade" the Canaanites from attack? - Who built Hebron?
13:22 – Cham. - Which fruits did the meraglim bring back?
13:23 – A cluster of grapes, a pomegranate and a fig. - How many people carried the grape cluster?
13:23 – Eight. - Why did G-d shorten the meraglim's journey?
13:25 – G-d knew the Jews would sin and be punished with a year's wandering for each day of the spies' mission. So He shortened the journey to soften the decree. - Why did the meraglim begin by saying the land is "flowing with milk and honey"?
13:27 – Any lie which doesn't start with an element of truth won't be believed. Therefore, they began their false report with a true statement. - Why did the meraglim list Amalek first among the hostile nations they encountered?
13:29 – To frighten the Jews. The Jewish People were afraid of Amalek because Amalek had once attacked them. - How did Calev quiet the people?
13:30 – He fooled them by shouting, "Is this all that the son of Amram did to us?" The people quieted themselves to hear what disparaging thing Calev wished to say about the "son of Amram" (Moshe). - Why did the Land appear to "eat its inhabitants"?
13:32 – G-d caused many deaths among the Canaanites so they would be preoccupied with burying their dead and not notice the meraglim. - Besides the incident of the meraglim, what other sin led to the decree of 40 years in the desert?
13:33 – The golden calf. - On what day did Bnei Yisrael cry due to the meraglim's report? How did this affect future generations?
14:1 – The 9th of Av (Tisha B'av). This date therefore became a day of crying for all future generations: Both Temples were destroyed on this date. - "Don't fear the people of the Land…their defense is departed." (14:9) Who was their chief "defender"?
14:9 – Iyov. - Calev and Yehoshua praised Eretz Canaan and tried to assure the people that they could be victorious. How did the people respond?
14:10 – They wanted to stone them. - "How long shall I bear this evil congregation?" G-d is referring to the 10 meraglim who slandered the Land. What halacha do we learn from this verse?
14:27 – That ten men are considered a congregation. - How is the mitzvah of challa different from other mitzvot associated with Eretz Yisrael?
15:18 – The obligation to observe other mitzvot associated with Eretz Yisrael began only after the possession and division of the Land. The mitzvah of challa was obligatory immediately upon entering the Land. - What is the minimum amount of challa to be given to a kohen according to Torah Law? Rabbinic Law?
15:20 – No fixed amount is stated by the Torah. Rabbinic Law requires a household to give 1/24 and a baker to give 1/48. - Verse 15:22 refers to what sin? How does the text indicate this?
15:22 – Idolatry. "All these commandments" means one transgression which is equal to transgressing all the commandments – i.e. idolatry. - Moshe's doubt regarding the punishment of the mekoshesh etzim (wood-gatherer) was different than his doubt regarding the punishment of the blasphemer. How did it differ?
15:34 – Moshe knew that the mekoshesh etzim was liable for the death penalty, but not which specific means of death. Regarding the blasphemer, Moshe didn't know if he was liable for the death penalty. - How do the tzitzit remind us of the 613 commandments?
15:39 – The numerical value of the word tzitzit is 600. Tzitzit have eight threads and five knots. Add these numbers and you get 613.
****
Halachot
from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l
מכונת ממתקים ואתרי אינטרנט בשבת
שאלה: האם
מותר להניח מערב שבת בשכונה של גויים, מכונת אוטומט למכירת ממתקים ומשקאות וכיוצא
בזה, אף על פי שידוע שתושבי המקום מכניסים בשבת מטבע למכונה, בכדי לרכוש מוצרים
שונים, או שיש בזה איסור?
תשובה: הנה ביארנו כבר שמצד עצם הפעלת המכונה בערב שבת בודאי שאין איסור
כלל, אף שהיא ממשיכה פעולתה בשבת, שהרי שביום השבת עצמו היהודי אינו עושה כל מלאכה
האסורה. ולפי זה לכאורה היה נראה שיש להקל גם כן להפעיל
מכונת אוטומט מערב שבת, אף על פי שבשבת יבואו אנשים גויים (שאינם מצווים על שמירת
שבת) לקנות ממנה מוצרים.
אלא שלענין מכונה כזו יש לדון מצד חשש איסור
אחר, שבעצם יום השבת עושה בעל המכונה פעולה אסורה. מפני שמבואר בשלחן ערוך בחלק
חושן משפט (סי' ר ס"ג), "כליו של אדם בכל מקום שיש רשות לאדם להניחם,
קונים לו, וכל שנכנסו לתוך כליו קנה קנין גמור". וכגון, חפץ שאינו שייך לאף
אחד, שנפל לתוך כלי של אדם במקום שיש לו רשות להניח את כליו שם, מיד נעשה
אותו חפץ שייך לבעל הכלי, מפני שכליו של אדם הם כמו ידיו לענין זה שיקנה בהם מה
שיבא לידו. ואם כן לכאורה הוא הדין לעניננו, שהואיל ומכונת האוטומט שייכת לבעל
המכונה, והיא ניצבת ברחוב על פי רשיון הממשלה הנותנת רשות לבעל המכונה, אם כן כל
מטבע המוכנס למכונה בשבת, מיד הוא שייך לבעל המכונה, ויש בזה איסור מדין איסור
עשיית מקח וממכר בשבת, שהרי אסור לקנות ולמכור ביום השבת.
אלא שגם מצד זה כתב מרן הרב עובדיה יוסף
זצ"ל, שאין לחוש לאיסור עשיית מקח וממכר כלל, הואיל ובעל
המכונה אינו עושה כלום, ולא שייך איסור מיקח וממכר בדבר כזה. רק כתב שיש להקל בזה
דוקא באופן שלא ידוע למי שייכת המכונה, שאם יודעים כולם שהיא שייכת ליהודי, אין
להקל בזה. והביא שכעין זה כתב בשו"ת מהר"ם שיק, בדבר יהודי
המשתתף במכרז בערב שבת, והשופטים הגויים פעמים רבות שהם יושבים ומחליטים בעצם יום
השבת מי הוא הזוכה במכרז, ולפעמים יהיו התוצאות שהיהודי זכה במכרז. כתב
המהר"ם שיק, נראה לעניות דעתי שהדבר פשוט שמותר, שהרי כל מלאכות של תורה אדם
רשאי להתחיל בהם מערב שבת, באופן שמלאכה נגמרת מאליה (כמו שביארנו). ואם כן הוא הדין לנדונינו, שמותר להשאיר מכונה כזו פועלת
בשבת, על מנת שיקנו ממנה הגויים בעצם יום השבת. ומכל מקום, הרוצה לחוש לדברי
האוסרים בזה, יעשה תנאי, שאינו חפץ לקנות מה שיחול המקח, אלא רק במוצאי שבת, שכן
כליו של אדם אינם קונים לו בעל כרחו, והואיל והוא מתנה שאינו רוצה לזכות במקח אלא
במוצאי שבת, ממילא לא יחול המקח אלא בצאת השבת, שאז בודאי שאין בכך איסור.
ונראה שהוא הדין לאתרי אינטרנט המוכרים מוצרים
בשבת, שלא ידוע מי הוא בעל האתר, וגם המשתמשים בו הם גויים, שמותר להניחם פועלים
בשבת, שכן היהודי אינו עושה כל מלאכה האסורה בשבת. (ומכל מקום אין להקיש מכאן לכל
מקרה ומקרה, כי יש חילוקים רבים בזה, ועל כל מקרה יש לעשות שאלת חכם).
ולסיכום: מותר
מעיקר הדין להניח מערב שבת, מכונה אוטומטית לממכר מוצרים בשבת, במקום שרובו גויים,
באופן שלא ידוע לציבור מי הוא בעל המכונה. והרוצה להחמיר בזה, יעשה תנאי בפירוש,
שאינו רוצה לזכות במקח אלא במוצאי שבת. והוא הדין לאתרי אינטרנט המוכרים מוצרים
בשבת, ולא ידוע מי הוא בעל האתר, וגם אין שום צורך לתפעלו בשבת, והגולשים בו הם
גויים, שאין חיוב להפסיק פעולתו מערב שבת.
ובדרך אגב נציין, שנשאל מרן הרב זצ"ל, לגבי
אתר "הלכה יומית", שלצערינו
הרב לעתים מזומנות מתקבלות בו בעצם יום השבת בקשות למנוי ל"הלכה
יומית"
שבו. והשאלה היתה אם יש להיענות
לבקשות אלו, שהרי נמצא שמי שחילל שבת בעצם הבקשה, יהנה ממעשה שבת כשיקבל את
ההלכות. אלא שאם נתעלם מהבקשה, יפסידו אותם האנשים זכות תלמוד תורה שתהיה להם באם
נענה לבקשתם. ותשובת מרן זצ"ל היתה, שלא נתעלם מהבקשות, ונשלח לאנשים את
ההלכות, בתקוה שמאור התורה יחזירם למוטב, ויזכו כולם לשמור שבת כהלכתה, ובזכות זה
נזכה לביאת משיח צדקינו במהרה בימינו. אמן.
Operating Vending
Machines and Websites on Shabbat
Question: May one place an automatic snack or soda
machine in a non-Jewish neighborhood on Erev Shabbat even if one is certain
that the residents of this neighborhood will put money into the machine in
order to purchase an items on Shabbat or is this forbidden?
Answer: We have already explained above, that in terms of leaving a machine on
before the onset of Shabbat, there is no prohibition to do so, for the
individual is not performing any forbidden work on Shabbat itself. It seems
that the same law should apply to turning on automatic vending machines on Erev
Shabbat although non-Jews (who are not obligated to observe Shabbat) will come
and purchase merchandise from these machines on Shabbat.
However, there is another
prohibition which may apply to such vending machines which may cause the owner
of these machines to transgress a prohibition on Shabbat. Maran Ha’Shulchan
Aruch (Choshen Mishpat, Chapter 200, Section 3) states: “An individual’s
vessels acquire [any object] for him anywhere one has permission to leave them;
as soon as any object enters one’s vessels, one has acquired them completely.”
For instance, if an ownerless object falls into one’s vessel in a place where
the owner of the vessel has permission to leave it, this object immediately
belongs to the owner of the vessel, for one’s vessels are like his hands in
that one will acquire anything that comes within them. It seems that this idea
should apply here as well, for since the automatic vending machine belongs to
its owner and one it stands in the street because one has a permit from the
local municipality to place it there, any money inserted into the machine
immediately belongs to the owner of the vending machine and this constitutes
the prohibition of conducting monetary transactions on Shabbat.
Nevertheless, even with regards to
this issue, Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l writes that this does not
constitute the prohibition of performing monetary transactions on Shabbat, for
the owner of the vending machine is not actually performing any action. On the
other hand, Maran zt”l writes that there is only room for leniency in
this regard when people are not aware whom this machine belongs to, for if
everyone knows that this machine belongs to a Jew, there is no longer room for
leniency. Indeed the Maharam Schick deals with a similar issue where Jews
participated in a public bid on Erev Shabbat and many times, the non-Jewish
judges deliberated on Shabbat who should win the tender. Several times, Jews
would be granted the tender on Shabbat. The Maharam Schick writes that it seems
to him that this is completely permissible, for one may begin any
biblically-forbidden work before the onset of Shabbat as long as the forbidden
work will conclude on its own. The same would seem to apply here in that it is
permissible to leave these machines to operate in order for non-Jews to
purchase items from these vending machines on Shabbat. Nevertheless, if one
wishes to be concerned with the more stringent opinions, one may specifically
stipulate that he only wishes to acquire whatever money is inserted into the
machine on Shabbat after Shabbat has concluded, for one’s vessels cannot
acquire objects for him against his will. Since one specifically stipulates
that he does not wish to acquire the money until Motza’ei Shabbat, this is
certainly permissible, for the transaction will only be complete after the
conclusion of Shabbat.
It seems that it is likewise
permissible to allow websites where one sells merchandise to continue to
operate on Shabbat as long the owner of the website is unknown and the
customers making the purchase on Shabbat are non-Jews, for the Jewish owner is
not performing any form of forbidden work on Shabbat. Nevertheless, one should
not draw an analogy from this to all other situations, for there are many
details involved here and one must consult a competent halachic
authority regarding each individual scenario.
Summary: According to the letter of the law, one
may place an automatic vending machine in a non-Jewish neighborhood before
Shabbat when the public is unaware whom the machine belongs to. If one wishes
to act stringently, one should stipulate before Shabbat that one wishes to
acquire the money inserted into the machine, hence completing the transaction,
until Shabbat has concluded. Similarly, one may allow a website with
merchandise for sale to continue to operate on Shabbat provided the owner of
the website is unknown, the customers are non-Jewish, and the website requires
no maintenance on Shabbat.
As a side note, we have asked
Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l regarding our very own website, “Halacha Yomit,”
that many times, unfortunately, we receive requests for subscriptions to
receive the “Halacha Yomit” by email on Shabbat itself. The question was
whether or not to honor these requests, for this will cause the individual who
desecrated Shabbat by sending the subscription request to benefit directly from
this Shabbat desecration by receiving the daily Halachot. On the other hand, if
we were to ignore these requests, these individuals would lose the merit of
Torah study that they may have enjoyed, were we to honor their request. Maran zt”l
instructed us not to ignore these requests and send Halachot to these individuals
with the hope that the light of the Torah would help them return to the correct
path and to observe the holy Shabbat properly. In this merit, may we all merit
greeting our righteous Mashiach, speedily and in our days, Amen.
****
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