לוח זמני תפלה לקיץ תשפ״א

Summer Timetable 5781 – 2021

For those not in the Bet Hakeneset, but wishing to bring in Shabbat with the Kahal, candles should be lit about 30 minutes after the time listed for Minha and Kabbalat Shabbat. (Unless the time listed in the ‘latest candle lighting’ column is earlier, when candles should be lit by that time, in all cases.

All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated

1. Toward which direction did the wicks of the Menorah burn, and why?
   8:2 – They leaned toward the middle wick so people wouldn't say that the Menorah was lit for its light.
2. From what material and in what manner was the Menorah made?
   8:4 – It was made from one solid piece of hammered gold.
3. Moshe was commanded to cleanse the levi'im by sprinkling on them “mei chatat.” What is “mei chatat“?
   8:7 – Water containing ashes of the para aduma.
4. Which three “t'nufot” (wavings) are in the parsha?
   8:11 – The wavings of Kehat, Gershon and Merari.
5. Why did G-d claim the first-born of the Jewish People as His possession?
   8:17 – Because in Egypt He spared them during makat bechorot.
6. Why are the words “Bnei Yisrael” repeated five times in verse 8:19?
   8:19 – To show G-d's love for them.
7. When a levi reaches age 50, which functions may he still perform?
   8:25 – Closing the courtyard gates of the Mishkan and Beit Hamikdash; singing during the avoda; loading the wagons to transport the Mishkan.
8. Why was the mitzvah of Pesach Sheini not commanded directly to Moshe?
   9:7 – The people who asked about it were rewarded by being the catalyst for the teaching of this mitzvah.
9. What similarity is there between the Menorah and the trumpets?
   8:4, 10:2 – They were each made from a single, solid block.
10. What three purposes did trumpet signals serve?
    10:2-7 – Announcement of the gathering of Bnei Yisrael, the gathering of the nesi'im, and the beginning of a move of the encampment.
11. How many tribes marched between the Gershon-Merari detachment and that of Kehat? How was the time differential used?
    10:17-21 – Three: Reuven, Shimon and Gad. In the meantime Gershon and Merari set up the Mishkan.
12. The tribe of Dan, who traveled last, was called “the gatherer of all the camps.” What did they gather?
    10:25 – They gathered and returned things lost by the other tribes.
13. When the Jewish People entered the Land, who took temporary possession of Jericho?
    10:32 – The children of Yitro.
14. Which aron is referred to in verse 10:33?
    10:33 – The aron which held the broken pieces of the first tablets, that was taken to the battlefront.
15. Which two topics are out of chronological order in the parsha?
    9:1, 10:35,36 – The Pesach sacrifice, and the traveling of the aron.
16. Which tastes did the manna not offer, and why not?
    11:5 – Cucumbers, melons, leeks, onion and garlic – these are harmful to nursing women.
17. Moshe was commanded to choose 70 elders to help him lead the Jewish People. What happened to the elders who led the Jewish People in Egypt?
    11:16 – They were consumed in the fire at Taverah (11:3).
18. Whom did Moshe choose as elders?
    11:16 – People who were supervisors in Egypt and had pity on Bnei Yisrael at risk to themselves.
19. What was the prophecy of Eldad and Medad?
    11:28 – “Moshe will die and Yehoshua will lead the Jewish People into the Land.”
20. Why did Miriam merit to have the people wait for her?
    12:15 – Because she waited for Moshe when he was cast into the river.

חימום תבשיל קרוש

שאלה: פשטידה, או בשר, שיש בו רוטב, אבל בשעה שהוא צונן,
השומן קרוש, ואינו נוזלי. האם מותר לחמם תבשיל כזה על גבי הפלאטה בשבת?

תשובה: ביארנו, שמותר לחמם בשבת תבשיל
שנתבשל כבר לפני שבת. משום שאין איסור “בישול” בחימום תבשיל מבושל, שהרי “אין בישול אחר
בישול”. אולם כל זה דוקא בתבשיל שהוא “יבש”, אבל תבשיל
“לח” כגון מרק, מים וכדומה, אסור לחממו בשבת, הואיל ו”יש בישול אחר בישול בלח”. (ויש
אופן להקל בזה כמו שביארנו).

דברי
מרן השלחן ערוך
ולגבי
תבשיל “קרוש”. כתב מרן השלחן ערוך (סימן שיח סעיף טז) בזו הלשון: מותר
ליתן אינפאנדא (פשטידה של בצק ממולא חתיכות בשר ושומן) כנגד האש במקום שהיד סולדת
בו (במקום שמחמת החום התבשיל יתחמם מאד), אף על פי שהשומן שבה שנקרש חוזר ונימוח.

כלומר,
דבר שהוא קרוש מחמת הקור, אין דינו כדבר לח לגבי “בישול אחר בישול”,
הואיל ובשעת ההנחה כנגד האש, הוא אינו “לח” אלא “יבש“.

החולקים
בזה, והדין למעשה
ואמנם
יש שחלקו על דברי מרן השלחן ערוך בזה, ובראשם “הלבוש”. אולם הלכה למעשה, פסק מרן רבינו
שליט”א בספרו חזון עובדיה (ח”ד עמוד שעא) שהעיקר להקל בדבר. והביא כמה ראיות והסברים
לדבריו, והביא שכן כתבו בפירוש כמה מרבותינו הראשונים.

ולסיכום: דבר שהוא נוזלי, אך עתה הוא
“קרוש” מחמת הקור, כגון שומן וכדומה, מותר להניחו על גבי פלאטה
חשמלית בשבת כדי שיתחמם, אף על פי שעל ידי החום הוא חוזר ונעשה נוזלי

Warming Up a Congealed Food

Question: May one warm up a quiche,
meat, or other such foods on an electric hotplate on Shabbat when they contain
sauce but when they are cold, the sauce is congealed?

Answer: We have explained that it is permissible to warm up a food on
Shabbat if has already been cooked before Shabbat, for this does not pose a
concern of “cooking” since “there is no cooking after cooking.” Nevertheless,
this only applies to a dry food; however, it is forbidden to warm up a liquid
food on Shabbat, such as soup or water, since “there is cooking after cooking
with regards to liquid foods.” (There is a permissible way to warm even such
foods up on Shabbat as we have discussed.)

The Opinion of Maran HaShulchan Aruch
Regarding congealed foods, Maran HaShulchan Aruch writes (Chapter 318, Section
16): “One may place an Empanada (dough filled with meat and fat-based gravy)
opposite the fire in a location where it can reach the temperature of ‘when
one’s hand recoils’ (104?-113? Fahrenheit) although the fat congealed inside it
will liquefy.”
This means that something that is congealed because it is cold is not
considered a “liquid” with regards to the law of “cooking after cooking” since
at the time it was placed next to the fire it was “dry”, not “liquid”.

The Opposing Views and the Bottom-Line Halacha
Several Poskim, including the Levush, disagree with Maran on this law. However,
Maran Harav Ovadia Yosef Shlit”a rules (in his Chazon Ovadia-Shabbat, Part 4,
page 371) that the Halacha follows Maran and one may act leniently. He proceeds
to bring reasons and sources to support his opinion and writes that many
Rishonim rule likewise.

Summary: Something which is usually a liquid but is now congealed
because it is cold, such as fat, sauce, and the like, may be placed on an
electric hotplate on Shabbat in order to warm it up although the heat will
cause the congealed item to liquefy