Newsletter Parashat Noach

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Announcements

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Shacharit time during the week is for Hodu 

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New Opportunity for learning

The
Avrechim of the Kollel are able to learn with the Kahal 

from 6.50 pm till Arbit at 7.30 pm every evening

Need a partner?

contact Rabbi
Stamler

 

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Mazal Tov

to 

Eli & Sima 

Shoshana

on celebrating the 

Bar Mitzva of their son

Netanel 

May he grow in Torah Mitzvot Umaasim Tovim

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Mazal Tov

to 

Mordechai & Michal Maman

on the safe arrival 

of their new baby boy

Sheyizke Laberit Bizmana latorah lachupa ulemaasim tovim


Special Mazal Tov

To our dear friends

Vidal & Annette Maman

on their new grandson


Mazal tov

to both families on this Simcha


Berit Mila

will Beezrat Hashem take place

Tomorrow in Moor Lane

Shacharit 7:00 am

Berit 8:00 am

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*****

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  Avot Ubanim
RETURNS
THIS WEEK
6:30 pm
(1 hour after Motzae Shabbat)
Parents are encouraged to come & bond with their child in Torah

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SHABBAT

Shabbat Times

לוח זמני תפלה לחורף תש"פ

Winter
Timetable 5780 – 2019/20

 

מוצאי שבת

ערבית )מוצ"ש(

שקיעה

מנחה שבת

סוף זמן קריאת שמע

הדלקת נרות

מנחה וקבלת שבת

תאריך

שבת פרשת

Shabbat

Ends

Arbit

Sunset

Minha

Shema before

Candle Lighting

Minha & Kabbalat Shabbat

Date

Parasha

PM

PM

PM

PM

AM

PM

PM

 

 

5:27

5:20

4:34

3:55

9:30

4:22

4:22

1/2 Nov

נח

  

Shabbat Services

Anyone wishing
to donate a Kiddush Please email Moorlanenews

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Q
& A on Parashat Noach

 All references are to the verses and Rashi's commentary, unless otherwise stated.

  1. Which particular sin sealed the fate of the flood generation?
    6:13 – Robbery.
  2. Why did Hashem tell Noach to build an ark, as opposed to saving him via some other method?
    6:14 – So that people would see Noach building the ark and ask him what he was doing. When Noach would answer, "Hashem is bringing a flood," it might encourage some people to repent.
  3. The ark had three levels. What function did each level serve?
    6:16 – The top level housed the people, the middle level housed the animals, and the bottom level, the refuse.
  4. What indication do we have that Noach was familiar with the Torah?
    7:2 – Hashem told him to take into the ark seven of each kosher-type animal, and two of each non-kosher type. "Kosher" and "non-kosher" are Torah concepts.
  5. Why did Hashem postpone bringing the flood for seven days?
    7:4 – To allow seven days to mourn the death of Metushelach.
  6. Why did the first water of the flood come down as light rain?
    7:12 – To give the generation a chance to repent.
  7. What did people say that threatened Noach, and what did Hashem do to protect him?
    7:13,15 – People said, "If we see him going into the ark, we'll smash it!" Hashem surrounded it with bears and lions to kill any attackers.
  8. What grouping of creatures escaped the punishment of the flood?
    7:22 – The fish.
  9. How deeply was the ark submerged in the water?
    8:4 – Eleven amot.
  10. What did the olive branch symbolize?
    8:11 – Nothing. It was a leaf, not a branch. (The olive leaf symbolized that its better to eat food "bitter like an olive" but which comes directly from Hashem, rather than sweet food provided by humans.)
  11. How long did the punishment of the flood last?
    8:14 – A full solar year.
  12. A solar year is how many days longer than a lunar year?
    8:14 – Eleven days.
  13. When did humans receive permission to eat meat?
    9:3 – After the flood.
  14. What prohibition was given along with the permission to eat meat?
    9:4 – The prohibition of eating a limb cut from a living animal.
  15. Why does the command to "be fruitful and multiply" directly follow the prohibition of murder?
    9:7 – To equate one who purposely abstains from having children to one who commits murder.
  16. Name two generations in which the rainbow never appeared.
    9:12 – The generation of King Chizkiyahu and the generation of Shimon bar Yochai.
  17. Why did Noach curse Canaan specifically? Give two reasons.
    9:22,24 – Because Canaan is the one who revealed Noachs disgrace to Cham. And because Cham stopped Noach from fathering a fourth son. Thus, Noach cursed Cham's fourth son, Canaan.
  18. Why does the Torah call Nimrod a mighty hunter?
    10:9 – He used words to ensnare the minds of people, persuading them to rebel against Hashem.
  19. The sin of the generation of the dispersion was greater than the sin of the generation of the flood. Why was the punishment of the former less severe?
    11:9 – They lived together peacefully.
  20. Why was Sarah also called Yiscah?
    11:29 – The word "Yiscah" is related to the Hebrew word "to see." Sarah was called Yiscah because she could "see" the future via prophecy. Also, because of her beauty, everyone would gaze at her.

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Halachot
from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

Thursday night is the Nachala of Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef ZTz'l

מרן רבינו
עובדיה יוסף זצוק"ל – 

מחר יום שישי ג' מר חשוון, הוא היום בו נסתלק
מעלינו מרן אבינו רועינו רבינו עובדיה יוסף זכר צדיק לברכה, ועלינו להזכיר מדבריו,
כי כולנו שותים בצמא את אמרותיו
.

בהספד שנשא מרן רבינו זצ"ל לאחר פטירת מורו
ורבו הגאון רבי עזרא עטיה זצ"ל, ראש ישיבת פורת יוסף, הזכיר מרן זצ"ל את
דברי רבותינו בגמרא במסכת סנהדרין (דף צב
.), "כל המלמד
תורה בעולם הזה, זוכה ומלמדה לעולם הבא, שנאמר, וּמַרְוֶה גַּם הוּא יוֹרֶה".
והקשה על כך מרן זצ"ל, שלכאורה מהי המעלה המיוחדת שיש לאדם בכך שיזכה ללמד
תורה לעולם הבא
?

והסביר זאת על פי דברי רבותינו בגמרא (עבודה זרה
דף ה.), אמר ריש לקיש, בואו ונחזיק טובה לאבותינו, שאלמלא חטאו בעגל, אנו נחשבים
כמי שלא באו לעולם. ופירש רש"י
,
שאילו לא חטאו אבותינו במדבר, היו
נשארים חיים וקיימים לעולם, וביחס אליהם
, אין אנו שווים
כלום, שהרי על אנשי דור המדבר נאמר "אֲנִי אָמַרְתִּי אֱלֹהִים אַתֶּם
וּבְנֵי עֶלְיוֹן כֻּלְּכֶם", שלא היו אמורים למות לעולם
, ורק בגלל חטא העגל, נאמר עליהם "אָכֵן כְּאָדָם
תְּמוּתוּן וּכְאַחַד הַשָּׂרִים תִּפֹּלוּ". נמצא שכל מה שהאחרונים נחשבים גדולים
בדורם, הכל הוא באופן יחסי, מאחר ואותם שקדמו להם כבר נסתלקו לבית עולמם
.

והנה כשהצדיק מן הדורות האחרונים נפטר, ונשמתו
הולכת לגנזי מרומים לעולם הנשמות, ובישיבה של מעלה נמצאים כל התנאים והאמוראים
קדושי עליון הנפלאים בתורתם, והגאונים והפוסקים ראשונים ואחרונים כולם נמצאים שם.
והרי אמרו רבותינו (בעירובין נג.), לבם של הראשונים, כגון רבי עקיבא וחביריו,
כפתחו של אולם, ושל אחרונים, כגון רבי חייא ורבי אושעיה, כפתחו של היכל, ואמר רבי
יוחנן
, "ואנו, כמלוא מחט דיסקית". ואם כן, איך יתכן
שיהיה כח ביד חכם מהדורות האחרונים להשמיע את דברי תורתו בפני גאוני עולם מהדורות
הקודמים
.

אולם הצדיק שטרח כל ימיו ללמד תורה לעם ישראל,
להגדיל תורה ולהאדירה, בבואו לישיבה של מעלה, הקדוש ברוך הוא בכבודו ובעצמו מלמדו
תורה, כאמור "אֲנִי ה' אֱלֹהֶיךָ מְלַמֶּדְךָ לְהוֹעִיל, מַדְרִיכֲךָ
בְּדֶרֶךְ תֵּלֵךְ", ומרחיב דעתו בחכמה, עד שיהיה ראוי גם שם ללמד תורה,
ומתקיים בו מה שנאמר, "וַאֲדַבְּרָה בְעֵדֹתֶיךָ נֶגֶד מְלָכִים וְלֹא
אֵבוֹשׁ". נמצא שיש מעלה עצומה למי שזוכה ללמד תורה בשמי מרומים, ועל זה נאמר
"ומרוה גם הוא יורה", כלומר, שאף במקום שנמצאים שם גדולי עולם הענקים
בתורתם, אף על פי כן גם הוא יורה
.

והנה מרן רבינו עובדיה יוסף זצ"ל, תכלית
דרכו בפסיקת ההלכה ובהנהגת הציבור, היתה הידיעה הברורה, שאנו לא נחשבים כלום בפני
רבותינו הקדמונים, ולכן כאשר אדם מבקש דרך בהנהגה או בהלכה, עליו לשאת עיניו אל
ההרים, הם גאוני קדם, התנאים והאמוראים והפוסקים, לשמוע את דבריהם כיצד עליו
לנהוג. ומטעם זה רוב ספרי מרן זצ"ל מלאים זיו בפלפול וחשבון דברי הפוסקים אשר
קדמונו, ולא סמך על סברתו העצמית, לא להקל ולא להחמיר
.

כאשר היה מרן זצ"ל כבן עשרים וארבע שנים,
הושיבו רבו הגאון רבי עזרא עטיה כחבר בבית הדין אשר בראשותו, בצוותא עם הגאון רבי
יהודה שאקו זצ"ל שהיה מגאוני ירושלים
. (ובית דין זה
שישב בו מרן, הוא בית הדין העתיק שישב בירושלים עד לפני כשישים שנה, ובו ישב הגאון
מרן החיד"א ועוד מגדולי רבני ירושלים), וכאשר היתה הפוגה בין דיון לדיון, היה
מרן זצ"ל מנצל את הזמן, ומשמיע לפני רבי עזרא עטיה ורבי יהודה שאקו את
חידושיו ופסקיו, והם היו מחוים דעתם על דבריו. ואמר מרן זצ"ל, "מעולם לא
פסקתי הלכה כדברי, בענין שרבי עזרא עטיה לא הסכים עמי. ואף אם הייתי בטוח שהצדק
עמי, הייתי מבטל דעתי בפני דעתו
".

הא לפניכם גאון עולם הבקי בכל חדרי תורה, שידע
לנכון לעשות לו רב, ולבטל דעתו בפניו
,
ולא לסמוך רק על דעתינו, כי
הראשונים זכו לשמש את אלה שקדמום, ושכלם זך יותר, ועל כן חלילה לנו לחשוב את
עצמינו חכמים יותר מכל אלה שחיו לפנינו
,
אלא עלינו להביט תמיד אליהם,
ולצעוד בדרכם צעד אחר צעד
.

בימים אלה, שבעוונות הרבים החושך יכסה ארץ,
והדברים היסודיים ביותר שאבותינו מסרו עליהם את נפשם, הולכים ומטשטשים, ובפרט כאשר
מבקשים לערוך שינויים ולקדם רפורמות בדת תורתינו הקדושה, עלינו לחזק ולהתחזק,
אשרינו שזכינו שיש לנו אב זקן, שיש לנו על מי להשען בפסיקת ההלכה, שיש לנו לאור מי
ללכת בהנהגת הציבור, נמשיך בעזרת ה' בכל הכח לעסוק בתורה הקדושה בדרך ישרה, לחנך
את ילדינו לתורה ולתעודה, ולהקים דור ישרים מבורך, ובכך נעשה לתורה שלא תשתכח חס
ושלום מישראל. ובעזרת ה', נזכה במהרה לימי הגאולה השלימה, שאז נזכה כולנו לעלות
מעלה מעלה במעלות נפלאות, ונזכה ללמוד תורה בהשפעה רוחנית נבואית מאת ה' יתברך מן
השמים, ומרן רבינו זצ"ל יעמוד חי בתוכינו, ומלאה הארץ דעה את ה' כמים לים
מכסים
.

Passing of Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia
Yosef zt”l

Tomorrow, Thursday night / Friday, the 3rd of Marcheshvan, is
the anniversary of the passing of our great leader and glory of the generation,
Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l. Let us therefore quote some of his
teachings as a merit for his lofty soul.

When delivering a eulogy for his great teacher, Hagaon
Harav Ezra Attia zt”l, Rosh Yeshivat Porat Yosef, Maran zt”l quoted
the Gemara (Sanhedrin 92a), “One who teaches Torah in this world shall merit
teaching it in the World to Come as well, as the verse states, ‘And he who
satisfies others abundantly shall be satisfied himself.’” Maran zt”l then
asked, what is the great reward of meriting teaching Torah in the World to
Come?

He proceeded to explain this matter based on the words of
our Sages (Avodah Zara 5a), “Resh Lakish said: Let us be grateful to our
ancestors, for if not for the fact that they sinned regarding the Golden Calf,
it would be considered that we never came to this world.” Rashi explains that
would our forefathers not have sinned in the desert, they would have remained
alive forever and relative to this generation, we would be considered nothing.
This is because the verse states regarding the generation of the desert, “I had
said that you were godly beings and you are all sons of the Most High” meaning
that they were never supposed to die and only as a result of the sin of the
Golden Calf does the verse states, “Nevertheless you shall die like man and
fall like one of the princes.” Thus, the fact that members of later generations
are considered great in their generations is all relative since the previous
generations have already passed on to the Next World.

When a righteous man among the later generations passes
away, his soul ascends to Heaven where all of the great Tannaim and Amoraim,
Geonim and Poskim Rishonim and Acharonim are found, all of whom are on
tremendous levels of Torah greatness. Indeed, our Sages tell us (Eruvin 53a)
that “the hearts of the earlier sages, such as Rabbi Akiva and his peers, is
like the opening of the hall (of the Bet Hamikdash which was twenty Amot wide) while
the hearts of the later sages, such as Rabbi Chiya and Rabbi Oshaya, is the
sanctuary (of the Bet Hamikdash, only ten Amot wide). Rabbi Yochanan said: And
our hearts are as wide as the opening of a tiny needle.” If so, how is it that
a scholar from the later generations will be able to speak words of Torah
before the greatest luminaries of the previous generations?

Rather, when a righteous man who has toiled his entire
life to teach Torah to the Jewish nation arrives at the Heavenly Yeshiva,
Hashem, in all His glory, shall teach this individual Torah, as the verse
states, “I am Hashem your G-d who teaches you for your benefit and who guides
you on the way you shall go,” and broadens the individual’s wisdom until he is
worthy of teaching Torah even in the upper realms. In this way, the righteous
individual merits fulfillment of the verse, “I shall speak about your tenets
before kings and I shall not be ashamed.” There is therefore a great merit to
be able to teach Torah in Heaven about which the verse states, “He who
satisfies others abundantly shall be satisfied himself,” meaning that although
one will be in a place full of the greatest Torah giants of all times, one will
nevertheless be worthy of teaching there as well.

Regarding Maran Rabbeinu Ovadia Yosef zt”l,
clearly, the focal point of his method of halachic decisiveness was based on
the fact that we are considered nothing in relation to the earlier halachic
authorities; thus, when one wishes to blaze a trail in Halacha or behavior in
one’s service of Hashem, one must lift one’s eyes to the great mountains that
were the Tannaim, Amoraim, and Poskim and seek out their opinion on how to
behave. It is for this reason that most of Maran zt”l’s works are filled
with deep analyses of the words of the Poskim of earlier generations as opposed
to relying on his own logic and understanding, whether to rule leniently or
stringently.

When Maran zt”l was twenty-four years old, his
teacher, Hagaon Harav Ezra Attia , appointed him as a member of his own Bet Din
(rabbinical court) alongside himself and Hagaon Harav Yehuda Shako zt”l,
one of the greatest Torah scholars in Jerusalem at the time. During the breaks
between the various cases, Maran zt”l would speak out his novel Torah
thoughts and rulings before Hagaon Harav Ezra Attia and Hagaon Harav Yehuda
Shako and they would then add their input on the subject matter. Maran zt”l once
exclaimed: “I have never ruled on a Halacha issue according to the way I
believed was correct when my teacher, Rabbi Ezra, did not agree with me. Even
if I was certain that I was correct, I would always ignore my view in favor of
his.”

Behold, a true Torah genius who was an expert on every
Torah topic but knew well how to establish a rabbi for himself and to
subordinate himself before him. Certainly we should not rely on our own
knowledge alone, for the generation before us merited serving those that
preceded them and their intellect was sharper. We must therefore not consider
ourselves wiser than those who preceded us; rather, we must constantly look up
to them and march in their footsteps.


During our times when darkness engulfs the world and the
values which our forefathers gave up their lives for are becoming increasingly
blurry especially by those who try to introduce all sorts of “reforms” in the
laws of our holy Torah, we must strengthen ourselves and others as well. We
merited having a giant among men whom we can rely upon regarding halachic
matters as well as being able to follow in his footsteps regarding leading the
public. May we merit toiling in Torah in a clear and coherent manner, to
educate our children in the way of the Torah and fear of Heaven, and
establishing yet another blessed generation of Torah observant Jews. By doing
so, we will be guaranteeing that the Torah does not cease from our descendants,
G-d-forbid. Mat we merit the arrival of the Final Redemption when Maran
zt”l
will once again be alive in our midst and continue to disseminate his Torah
to the masses more than ever before.
 

****

Shabbat Shalom


moorlanenews@gmail.com


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Newsletter – Shabbat Vayelech

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Embassy of Israel
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SHABBAT

Shabbat Times

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Q
& A on Parashat Vayelech

  1. Moshe said, "I am 120 years old today. I am no longer able to go out and come in…" How do we know this does not refer to physical inability?
    31:2 – Because verse 34:7 says "His (Moshe's) eye never dimmed, and his (youthful) moisture never departed."
  2. Which of Moshe's statements to Yehoshua was later contradicted by Hashem's command?
    31:7 – Moshe told Yehoshua to share his leadership with the Elders. Hashem later commanded Yehoshua to rule alone.
  3. Why does the Torah refer to Succot of the eighth year as though it occurred during the shemita year?
    31:10 – Because the laws of the seventh year still apply to the harvest.
  4. Why does the Torah command that babies be brought to the Torah reading?
    31:12 – To give reward to those who bring them.
  5. What does it mean that Hashem "hides His face?"
    31:17 – He ignores their distress.
  6. What function does the song Ha'azinu serve?
    31:21 – It warns what will befall the Jewish People if they abandon Torah.
  7. Which verse promises that the Torah will never be totally forgotten?
    31:21 – "For (the Torah) will not be forgotten from the mouth of their offspring."
  8. What is the difference of opinion regarding the placing of the Torah scroll which Moshe gave the levi'im?
    31:26 – Whether it was placed outside but adjacent to the Ark, or inside next to the Tablets.
  9. On the day of Moshe's death, why didn't Moshe gather the people by blowing trumpets as he normally would have?
    31:28 – Blowing the trumpets expressed Moshe's dominion, and "there is no dominion on the day of death." (Kohelet 8)
  10. Moshe said, "For I know that after my death you will act corruptly," but, in fact, this didn't occur until after Yehoshua's death. What does this teach us?
    31:29 – That a person's student is as dear to him as himself As long as Yehoshua was alive, it was as though Moshe himself

 ****

YOM KIPPUR

Questions

  1. Passover commemorates the going out of Egypt. Shavuot commemorates the giving of the Torah. What historical event can Yom Kippur be said to commemorate?
  2. For what kinds of sins does Yom Kippur not atone?
  3. What should someone do if the person he wronged does not forgive him the first time?
  4. Why is the Vidui confession included during the mincha prayer the afternoon before Yom Kippur?
  5. On Yom Kippur we refrain from: Working, eating, drinking, washing, anointing, family relations and wearing leather shoes. Which three of these prohibitions are more severe than the others?
  6. In what two ways does the prohibition against eating food on Yom Kippur differ from the prohibition against eating pork the entire year?
  7. Who wrote the prayer "Unesaneh Tokef" said during the chazan's repetition of musaf?
  8. Why do we read the book of Yonah on Yom Kippur?
  9. In what two ways does havdala after Yom Kippur differ from havdala after Shabbat?
  10. Ideally, what mitzvah should one begin immediately after Yom Kippur?

Answers

  1. Moshe came down from Mount Sinai on the tenth of Tishrei with the second set of Tablets, signifying forgiveness for the sin of the golden calf. Yom Kippur can be said to commemorate this event, the first national day of forgiveness for the Jewish People.
  2. Sins committed against other people, including hurting someone's feelings. Yom Kippur does not atone for these sins until the perpetrator gains forgiveness from the victim himself. (Orach Chaim 606:1)
  3. He should try at least two more times to gain forgiveness.(Orach Chaim 606:1)
  4. Lest one choke while eating the pre-Yom Kippur meal and die without atonement, or lest one become intoxicated and unable to concentrate on the prayers at night. (Mishneh Berura 607:1)
  5. Eating, drinking, working. (Mishna, Kritot 1:1)
  6. (i) Although any amount is forbidden, eating on Yom Kippur is not punishable by a Sanhedrin until one has eaten food equal in volume to the size of a date. Eating pork, on the other hand, is punishable for eating even an olive-sized piece, which is smaller than a date. (Mishneh Berura 612:1) (ii) Eating on Yom Kippur incurs the punishment of karet – spiritual excision, whereas eating pork does not.
  7. "Unesaneh Tokef" was written by Rabbi Amnon of Mainz, Germany, about 1000 years ago.
  8. The repentance of the people of Ninveh serves as an inspiration to us to repent, and shows us that repentance can overturn a Divine decree. (Shelah Hakadosh)
  9. After Yom Kippur, the blessing over spices is omitted from havdala. Also, the source of the flame used for havdala after Yom Kippur must be a fire kindled before Yom Kippur. (Orach Chaim 624:3,4)
  10. Building the succah. (Rema, Orach Chaim 624:5)

Question: On one historic Yom Kippur, the entire Jewish people ate and drank and were praised for it by Hashem. When did this occur?

Answer: When King Solomon built the Temple, Yom Kippur occurred during its seven Inauguration Days. The Sanhedrin decided that not only must the Inauguration Sacrifices for the Temple be offered, but, moreover, the people must cook, eat, and drink on Yom Kippur or else the happiness of the Inauguration would be incomplete. (See Tractate Mo'ed Katan 9a.)

***

Halachot
from Maran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef Ztz'l

אכילה ורחיצה ביום הכפורים

מדיני יום הכפורים

הכל
חייבים להתענות ביום הכפורים, ובכלל החיוב גם נשים מעוברות ומניקות שחייבות
להתענות בו. וכל אשה שיש חשש לבריאותה מחמת התענית, תעשה שאלת חכם הבקיא בדינים
אלו, שיורה לה אם תתענה. ואסור לשום אדם להחמיר על עצמו
, ולהתענות כאשר מצב בריאותו אינו מאפשר זאת. שהרי
התורה הקדושה אמרה, "וחי בהם", ולא שימות בהם. ואסור לאדם להמית עצמו או
אפילו להכניס עצמו לספק סכנה בשביל תענית יום הכפורים. וכאשר מרן רבינו הגדול
שליט"א היה רבה הראשי של תל אביב, וכן בשנים שאחר כך, היה מטריח עצמו ונוסע
בכל ערב יום כפור
, בשעות
יקרות אלו, לבית החולים, בכדי לדבר על לבם של החולים שהתענית מסוכנת להם, לבל
יתענו, והיה מזכיר את דברי הרדב"ז, שמי שאינו שומע לרופאים מפני שאומר שהוא
בוטח בה', הרי זה חסיד שוטה, שהרי התורה אמרה שניתנה רשות לרופא לרפאות, וממילא
אדם חייב להתנהג בכל דבר על פי כללי הרפואה, לאחר התייעצות עם מורה הוראה
.

חולה שעצם החולי אינו מביאו
לסכנה

ויש
לציין, שגם חולה שעצם החולי שלו אינו סכנה ממש, מכל מקום לפעמים מחמת תרופות שהוא
נוטל, הרי הוא חייב לשתות. ואם לא ישתה עלול הוא להכנס בחשש סכנה. וגם באופן כזה
יש להתייעץ עם רופא ומורה הוראה בכדי לדעת כיצד לנהוג
. ומצוי מצב זה בחולים הנוטלים תרופות פסיכיאטריות,
ואצלם לעתים גם עצם החולי מוגדר חולי שיש בו סכנה
.

מי שהוצרך לאכול ביום הכפורים

ומי
שהוצרך לאכול ביום הכפורים מחמת מחלה, אם הוא מוכרח לאכול ולשתות כדרכו ממש, הרי
שהוא רשאי לעשות כן. שאין לך דבר העומד בפני פיקוח נפש. אולם בדרך כלל, אין הדבר
כן, אלא הוא יכול להסתפק באכילה ושתיה באופן שאינו אוכל או שותה בבת אחת כמות
גדולה, אלא יעשה הפסקות בין אכילה לאכילה, ובכל פעם לא יאכל יותר משיעור של כשלשים
גרם מאכל, או ארבעים גרם משקה. ולאחר כעשר דקות יאכל או ישתה שוב כמות זהה. ולפני
יום הכפורים יכין לעצמו מאכלים מסודרים ושקולים בשיעור של כשלשים גרם. ויכין לעצמו
כלי המכיל כארבעים גרם משקה
, ובכל
פעם ימלא אותו וישתה ממנו (כמו בקבוק של תינוקות וכדומה
).

רחיצה וטבילה ביום הכפורים

אסור
לרחוץ במים ביום הכפורים, ואפילו להושיט אצבעו במים אסור, ולא אסרו אלא רחיצה של
תענוג, אבל אם היו ידיו או שאר גופו מלוכלכים בטיט וכדומה, מותר לרחצם, כיון שאינה
רחיצה של תענוג . וטבילה במקוה טהרה, אסורה גם היא ביום הכפורים
.

ביום הכפורים שחרית יטול ידיו
עד סוף קשרי אצבעותיו בלבד, ויטול שלוש פעמים לסירוגין כדרכו בכל ימות השנה, ומברך
על נטילת ידיים
.

לא
ירחוץ פניו במים ביום הכפורים בבוקר, ואם היו פניו מלוכלכות, כגון שיש לו לכלוך
ליד עיניו, מותר לרחוץ המקום המלוכלך. ומי שהוא מפונק, ואין דעתו מיושבת עליו
כשאינו רוחץ פניו בשחרית, מותר לו לרחוץ פניו בשחרית
. והאשכנזים מחמירים בזה שלא לרחוץ הפנים ביום הכפורים
אפילו מי שהוא איסטניס, אלא אם כן להעביר הלכלוך סביב עיניו וכיוצא בזה

אסור לצחצח שיניים בתשעה באב. ואפילו מי שמיקל בדבר
בזהירות ביום תשעה באב, לא יעשה כן ביום הכפורים
.

 

Eating and Washing One’s Self Yom Kippur

Some Laws of Yom Kippur

All are obligated to fast on Yom Kippur, including pregnant and nursing women.
Any woman whose health is at risk due to the fast should consult a prominent
Torah scholar who is well-versed in these laws and he should render his ruling
whether or not she must fast. One whose medical condition does not allow him to
fast may not be stringent and fast, for our holy Torah writes, “That he shall
live by them,” and not that he should die by them. One may not cause himself to
die or even place himself in a possibly dangerous situation because of the fast
of Yom Kippur. When Maran Shlit”a served as Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv and for
several years after this as well, he would spend the precious hours of every
Erev Yom Kippur by travelling to the hospital in order to convince patients
whom the fast of Yom Kippur posed a danger to not to fast. He would quote the
words of the Radbaz who writes that one who does not listen to doctors claiming
that he places his complete trust in Hashem is a pious fool, for the Torah
gives doctors permission to heal and by default, one must follow the rules of
medicine after consulting with a prominent halachic authority.

One Suffering from an Illness which in Essence does not Pose any Danger
We should point out that even if one suffers from an ailment which in essence
is not necessarily life-threatening, nevertheless, sometimes the medications he
takes make it necessary for him to drink, and if he does not, this may pose a
danger to him. In such a situation, the patient should consult his doctor and a
prominent halachic authority to discern the proper course of action. This
situation is common in patients taking medications for mental illnesses;
indeed, sometimes, some of these illnesses can be considered life-threatening
in and of themselves.

One who Must Eat on Yom Kippur
If one must eat on Yom Kippur due to an illness, if he must eat and drink in a
regular manner, he may do so, as the is nothing that stands in the way of a
life-threatening situation. Nevertheless, usually this is not the case and one
can make do with eating or drinking in a way that he does not consume large
amount of food or beverage in one shot. Rather, one should take breaks between
eating and every time he eats or drinks, he should consume no more than thirty
grams of food or forty grams of beverage. After approximately ten minutes have
elapsed he should eat or drink a similar amount. One should prepare organized
and measured portions of food of approximately thirty grams before Yom Kippur.
One should prepare himself a utensil that holds approximately forty grams of
liquid (such as a baby bottle and the like) and every time one needs to, he
should fill it up and drink from it.

Washing and Immersing One’s Self on Yom Kippur
One may not wash himself with water on Yom Kippur. Even to place one’s finger
into water is prohibited. Nevertheless, only a pleasurable washing is
prohibited; however, if one’s hands or any other body part were soiled from
mortar and the like, one may wash them, as this does not constitute a
pleasurable washing. Immersing one’s self in a Mikveh is also forbidden on Yom
Kippur.

On the morning of Yom Kippur, one should wash his hands only until his knuckles.
One should wash each hand three times while switching off hands and recite the
“Al Netilat Yadayim” blessing, as he would any other day of the year.

One should not wash his face on the morning of Yom Kippur; if one’s face is
dirty due to eye residue and the like, one may wash the dirty place. If one is
finicky and cannot relax until he has washed his face in the morning, he may do
so on the morning of Yom Kippur. Ashkenazim are stringent in this matter and
rule that even one who is finicky cannot wash his face; rather, he can only
wash off the dirt around his eyes and the like

One may not brush one’s teeth on Yom
Kippur. Even one who acts leniently and bushes one’s teeth carefully on Tisha
Be’av may not do so on Yom Kippur at all.

 

***

Shabbat Shalom


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